Exam Review Flashcards

Question

The human body can regulate its internal environment and maintain stable conditions suitable for essential biological processes. What does this refer to?

Answer 1

It refers to homeostasis in the body

Answer 2

Sensor, integrator, effector

Answer 3

Vasoconstriction

Answer 4

Homeostasis is the tendency to resist change in order to maintain a stable, relatively constant internal environment

Answer 5

Lipids, proteins, and vitamins

Answer 6

Protein, carbohydrates, and fats

Answer 7

Absorption

Answer 8

Ingestion, digestion, absorption, and egestion

Answer 9

High density lipoproteins

Answer 10

Complete protein

Answer 11

The structural carbohydrate in animals used to make exoskeletons

Answer 12

The polysaccharide that is used to store energy in muscles and the liver

Answer 13

When two sugars are linked together

Answer 14

The “food tube” that carries food from your mouth to your stomach

Answer 15

The wavelike muscular action by the digestive tract to keep food moving through

Answer 16

The process in which bile aids the digestion of fat

Answer 17

It means the food and beverages a person eats and drinks

Answer 18

They are important because they are needed to produce hormones and enzymes

Answer 19

One’s diet should not consist of more than 30% of fat

Answer 20

The stomach and the small intestine

Answer 21

The small intestine

Answer 22

Small intestine and the pancreas

Answer 23

Iron deficiency affects children ,teens, and the most as we don't seem to consume as much iron as a man. Symptoms include fatigue, weakness, pale skin, etc. It can be treated by taking iron supplements or eating foods that are rich in iron

Answer 24

Portion and serving sizes on food labels mean that, that is the amount of food someone typically eats in one sitting of that product. Therefore that is why it is different on all food labels. This can be misleading because most people read it as that is how much of that product they should eat when it is not. It Is really just showing for example how many calories is in 10 chips.

Answer 25

Some foods you would expect to find food additives in are like McDonald's burgers and fries. Like the fact that the fries never look like they have gone bad. That's a food additive. There is also additives in burgers that enhance the flavour making it taste better. Another is probably ice cream to create all the different flavours and textures. Negative people eat unhealthy foods a lot more frequently. Positive Is increased shelf life not throwing away food as quickly

Answer 26

Pathogens enter and multiply in the human body. When multiplying it can cause infectious disease. They can transfer into the body is you come in contact with any from infected humans, animals, food, soil, water, etc. They can enter through either breaks in thee skin or in the moist linings of the eyes, ears, nose, mouth, or other openings

Answer 27

The virus has three main steps when reproducing: attachment where specific viral particles attach to protein receptors. Penetration where the host cell engulfs the virus. And uncoating where particle synthesis occurs and release so they can infect other cells. Viruses are different from bacteria for example because a virus needs a host to survive and grow where bacteria doesn't

Answer 28

A vector is basically any living organism that acts as a carrier of infectious diseases to another organism. An example of this is a mosquito which is a vector that carries west Nile virus. Among others. Other diseases that are spread by vectors are yellow fever, Zika, and tick borne encephalitis.

Answer 29

Protozoans are much bigger and more complicated than bacteria. An example of a protozoan is amoeba. Amoeba is a parasite that lives only in humans and is passed in infected feces. You can transmit this parasite if someone puts something in their mouth that has come in contact with infected species.

Answer 30

Bacteria is a single-celled organism that lives on anything. An example of a bacteria is streptococcus which can cause strep throat among others. It is transmitted with direct person to person contact and mainly stays in contact with the nose and throat.

Answer 31

Binary fission is the process in which an organism splits into two individual organisms without sex taking place. This is a type of asexual reproduction mainly found in prokaryote micro organisms and it is one of the quickest ways to reproduce as a bacteria can split itself within 20 mins.

Answer 32

it Is important so you know how easy it is to spread sickness to other people and you can take steps to prevent that

Answer 33

The first line of defence is where the skin acts as a physical barrier against pathogen, production of body secretions and bacterial growth. While the tears, mucus, and saliva produce enzymes used to break down bacteria. The second line of defence is where the white blood cells play a crucial role in the bodies defence mechanism which either inhibits or destroys pathogens regardless of their species. It is also where fever takes place as the body heats up trying to fight the bacteria. This is non-specific or innate immune system because it is not targeting specific bacteria/pathogens it is just trying to fight all

Answer 34

The adaptive immune system which is specific (aquired) is the third line of defence where the immune system identifies a pathogen triggering responses to the B cells to create antibodies and the t-cells which then help the B cells and kill invaders. And antigens are found on the surface of pathogens where antibodies attach to the antigen and engulf the pathogen and destroy it.

Answer 35

Vaccines stimulate antibodies and memory cells to help body fluid stay at balance and help the body fight infection. They work by taking advantage of antigen recognition and the antibody response

Exam Review Flashcards

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