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Microbiology & Immunology > Exam Questions > Flashcards

Exam Questions Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is a capsid in virology?

A

Protein shell that encloses vial genetic material

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2
Q

A virus which destroys tumour cells in

A

Oncolytic

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3
Q

Cell mediated immune response is mediated by which cell type?

A

T-cells

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4
Q

Which isotope of antibody is the first to be produced in a primary immune response?

A

IgM

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5
Q

C4bC2a and C3bBb complexes are known as?

A

C3 convertase

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6
Q

what are the taxonomic groups included in the etological agent malaria?

A

apicomplxa

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7
Q

Horizontal transmission of a virus is?

A

person to person

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8
Q

What does T7SS stand for in microbiology?

A

Type V11 Secretion System

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9
Q

What is the main function of T7SS?

A

transport protein substrate across the bacterial cell envelope

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10
Q

Which class of antibodies crosses the placenta to give the newborn early protection in life?

A

IgG

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11
Q

Peptides bind to MHC class I molecules in this cellular compartment

A

endoplasmic reticulum

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12
Q

Which class of antibody is the least prevalent in healthy individuals?

A

IgE

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13
Q

The classical complement pathway is activated by?

A

antigen-antibody complexes

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14
Q

Where do Tcells mature?

A

Thymus

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15
Q

Which type of T cell is responsible for directly killing infected cells?

A

Cytotoxic T cells

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16
Q

The different effector functions of antibodies are determined by their?

A

heavy chain constant regions

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17
Q

Pathogen recognition patterns?

A

allow recognition wide variety of pathogen

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18
Q

What are the characteristic features of T17 immune cells?

A

promote inflammation and recruit neutrophils

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19
Q

HV resistance to anti viral drugs can be combatted using…

A

highly active ant-retroviral therapy (HAART)

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20
Q

Coronaviruses and HIV-1 are both…

A

RNA viruses

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21
Q

genes can be transferred from one bacteria to another bacteria by sexual process called..

A

conjugation

22
Q

If a single bacterium of strain of E.coli, with a generation time of 20 minutes is used to inoculate a sterile liquid culture, how many bacteria will be present in the culture after 4 hours (assuming the culture is maintained at 37 degrees Celsius)?

A

4096

23
Q

A 40 kilobase pair circular genetic element in a bacterium is likely to be a ————–?

A

plasmid

24
Q

In the human microbiome, Gram-positive species predominantly colonise our ______

A

skin

25
Q

Which of the following E. coli or plasmid genes are found in an operon?

A

oriC

25
Q

select the adhesin at the tip of the bacterial type I pili that binds the sugar mannose

A

FimH

26
Q

Which of the listed taxonomic groups includes the etiological agent of malaria?

A

Apicomplexa

27
Q

The HIV genome encodes …

A

An RNA dependant DNA polymerase

28
Q

Viruses may enter cells by fusion from without or by receptor mediated endocytosis. Which statement best describes the second step in virus infection of a cell by fusion from without?

A

Virus envelope fuses with plasma membrane of cell

29
Q

Which virus from the list below is sexually transmitted?

A

Hepatitis B virus

30
Q

Which virus is transmitted by the zoonosis route?

A

Rabies Virus

31
Q

Which of the following bacteria causes Impetigo?

A

S.aureus

32
Q

Which of the following products have been made by modifying bacterial genomes using Synthetic biology? menthol, B12, amylase, cellulase, insulin or all of the answers

A

all of answers

33
Q

What is the term given to microorganisms that thrive at temperatures above 88 degrees Celcius?

A

hyperthermophile

34
Q

Select the best definition of viraemia

A

an increase in viral concentration in the blood

35
Q

Select the viral titration assay that reflects the viral particle biochemical reactivity but may not be directly proportional to viral infectivity

A

Haemagglutination assay

36
Q

Multiplicity of infection (m.o.i.) is best defined as:

A

the number of infectious virus particles per cell when infecting

37
Q

Select the one virus from the list below that causes a severe respiratory disease and is associated with close contact with Palm Civets

A

SARS-CoV

38
Q

Which bacterial secretion system translocates its own receptor into the host cell membrane?

A

T3SS

39
Q

What is the resolution limit of an optical microscope (excluding super resolution modifications)?

A

200 nm

40
Q

An optical microscope relies on________________ as its illumination source.

A

visible light

41
Q

Which of the following is an endotoxin?

A

lipopolysaccharide

42
Q
A
42
Q

Which of the following pairs of parasites possess both a mitochondria and an apicoplast?

A

Toxoplasma gondi and Plasmodium falciparum

43
Q

Which protein can be used to fluorescently label other proteins?

A

GFP

44
Q

Which subset of T cells help kill extracellular parasites?

A

TH2

44
Q

Which cells have MHC II on their surface?

A

macrophages

45
Q

The Escherichia coli pathogen that causes kidney infection is classed as:

A

uropathogenic

46
Q

What is the main cytokine released from a subset of T helper cells that activates macrophages

A

IFN-y

47
Q

Which receptor is part of the innate immune system and recognition of intracellular molecules

A

NOD-like

48
Q

Which of the following leucocytes are factors in allergy

A

mast cells

Microbiology & Immunology (4 decks)

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