exam questions

Question 1

compare and contrast the circulatory systems of mammals and fish (similarities)

Answer 1

• both closed systems
• both have a heart
• both carry oxygen with haemoglobin
• both have arteries / veins / capillaries

Question 2

compare and contrast the circulatory systems of mammals and fish

Answer 2

mammals vs fish
- double circulation vs single circulation
- two atria, 2 ventricles vs 1 atrium, 1 ventricle
- higher blood pressure vs lower blood pressure
- higher oxygen demand / metabolic rate vs lower oxygen demand / metabolic rate

Question 3

what line on the dissociation curve corresponds to myoglobin, fetal haemoglobin and adult haemoglobin

Answer 3

left: myoglobin
middle: fetal
right: human

Question 4

which subdivision of the peripheral nervous system supplies the SAN

Answer 4

autonomic nervous system

Question 5

what does the SAN do?

Answer 5

initiates heartbeat by producing a wave of electrical excitation that causes both atria to contract, followed by the ventricles as result of AVN delay

Question 6

what valve closes when ventricular and atrial pressure increases

Answer 6

atrioventricular

Question 7

how do you calculate heart rate

Answer 7

60s / length of one p wave (one beat)