Exam Questions Flashcards
Habituation
Habituation occurs when the sensory stimulation is constant, and unchanging.
As a result our sensitivity to the simulation is reduced.
3 actions that flight crew must carry out during flight when cabin pressure is lost and cannot be restored before the cabin altitude reaches a critical value
1) put on oxygen equipment
2) initiate immediate rapid descent to the minimum safe altitude or 10,000ft (whichever is higher)
3) declare and emergency, asking for QNH information
Symptoms of hypoxia
Dizziness, tingling, impaired vision, rapid breathing, fatigue, cyanosis, slowed reactions
Planning and anticipation is all about
the “what ifs”
Mental stress
Interruption, discrimination, lack of information, competition pressure
What is the recognized source in a commercial aircraft of a fume event?
Contaminants entering the bleed air supply, used in most commercial aircraft to supply cabin pressurization and air conditioning
Hyperventilation causes a drop
In CO2 (alkalosis) and can lead to unconsciousness
TEM 3 main categories
1) threat
2) errors
3) undesired states - aircraft handling, configuration and ground navigation
What is the most important basis for a good safety culture?
A non-punitive reporting system
“irony of automation”
It excludes some some aspects of flying needed in an emergency and that a pilot would like to be competent in
One of the major goal in the design of human centered man-machine interface is to make it
Simple and also make it difficult for a human or automation to make an error
Motivation
Motivation can be inferred from the direction and the intensity of a person’s behavior
Name 4 actions cabin crew should take following a suspected CO poisoning in flight?
1) Turn the cabin heat off
2) select the maximum rate off fresh air ventilation to the cabin
3) Open the window if the environment allows
4) Land ASAP/ practicable and seek medical attention
Circadian rhythm describes
The biological cycle controlled by a 24-hour internal clock in the brain that regulates behavioral and physiological changes
What is the principal disadvantage of mental models
They are largely based upon previous experience (sometimes we can perceive what we want to perceive rather than what is actually there)
What are the 4 major causes of incapacitation in flight
1) GI upset
2) stress
3) hypoxia
4) fatigue
State the advantage to flight crew of landing and anticipation of future actions
Enables the crew to create a precise framework , activate knowledge as necessary for the period to come and avoid saturation of the cognitive system
The response to unfavorable environmental conditions and how the body reacts to demands placed upon it is
Stress
Chronic stress is associated with the
Resistance and exhaustion phases of the general adaption syndrome (GAS). It can lead to long-term psychological and physiological health problems.
Positive stress
The perceived demand is equal to or less than the perceived ability
Compared with day operations, what differences should a pilot adopt when seeking to identify a possible collision threat at night
Move the eyes in small arcs to induce a moving image on the retina for the rods to identify.
This is because, in low light conditions the cones become inactive and the rods take over. Rods cannot distinguish colour and inferior when distinguishing shape. Therefore, it can be easier to see illuminated items by looking away from them about 10 degrees, rather than looking straight at them.
How many REM stages down we usually experience during a normal night’s sleep, and how frequently do they occur
4-5 REM, occur every 90-120 minutes
What does error tolerance aim for?
Providing a margin so that any errors do not endanger the flight.
True or false, groups are likely to make riskier decisions than individuals
True
