exam questions Flashcards
how do prokaryotes feed?
heterotrophic and autotrophic
how do protoctista feed?
heterotrophic and autotrophic
how do fungi feed?
heterotrophic
how do plants feed?
autotrophic
how do animals feed?
heterotrophic
define heterotrophic
an organism that cannot manufacture own food by carbon fixation
outline features of the classification system of domains compared to the five kingdoms
- accurately reflects origins
- domains split into DNA base sequences
- prokaryotes split into eubacteria and archaebacteria
- eukaryotes are grouped together
suggest how a characteristic evolves from a common ancestor
- natural selection
- random mutation
- organism survives and reproduce
- selective pressure
- passes allele to offspring
- population increases
state 2 pieces of molecular evidence that can be used to identify organisms as belonging to different species
- rRNA
- amino acid sequence
describe how it is possible to confirm over a long period of time, whether 2 organisms belong to the same species (2 marks)
- interbreed them
- determine whether offspring are fertile
define taxonomy
the system of classifying organisms according to observable features or genetic characteristics
define hierarchy
classification of organisms into larger groups and then subdivision into smaller groups
why might a sample population be inaccurate? (2 marks)
- whole population not measured
- sample not representative, eg larger organisms likely to be caught
- individuals from one area may be different to whole population
state the name of the process by which new species arise, and suggest the mechanisms necessary (3 marks)
speciation
- isolation
- mutations
- natural selection
- different selection pressures in different environments
what type of adaptation is night activity?
behavioural
