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HUMAN DISEASE > EXAM QUESITONS > Flashcards

EXAM QUESITONS Flashcards

1
Q

what are matrix retainers used for

A

preventing gingival overhangs of restorations when applied correctly

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2
Q

the carotid sinus is innervated by which cranial nerve?

A

glossopharyngeal

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3
Q

what species of plaque bacteria is commonly associated with consuming lactic acid

A

veillonella parvula

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4
Q

what species of oral streptococci belongs to the mutans group?

A

streptococcus sobrinus

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5
Q

positioning your needle tip too far posterior when giving an inferior alveolar nerve block could result in what?

A

loss of tone in the ipsilateral muscles of facial expression

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6
Q

resin composites are what….

A

they are used in conjunction with both the acid etch technique and dentine bonding agents

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7
Q

an abscess from tooth 47 can result in spread to involve which space?

A

a submandibular space

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8
Q

LED light curing units have what?

A

they have a narrower spectral output than those that use quartz halogen bulbs

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9
Q

dental calculus should be removed in succeptible patients as part of the perio treatment because….

A

it creates a rough surface which ATTRACTS plaque

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10
Q

collagen is a large extracellular matrix protein made up of a repeating structure of GLY-X-Y. what are the most likely amino acids to be X and Y?

A

proline and hydroxyproline

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11
Q

lymph arriving at a lymph node flows initially into what structure?

A

the subcapsular sinus

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12
Q

turku sugar study … what is the correct order of substrate from lower caries risk to high caries risk?

A

xylitol, fructose, sucrose

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13
Q

which statement about the limitations of 16s RNA analysis is the most accurate…

A

16s RNA will not work in the absence of active transcription (ie RNA synthesis)

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14
Q

what best describes enamel

A

it is easily fractured when unsupported by dentine due to its prismatic nature

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15
Q

which muscle is responsible for raising the palate

A

levator veli palatini

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16
Q

the following teeth should be checked for furcation involvement in a perio pt..

A

upper molars, lower molars and upper premolars

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17
Q

via which opening does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate with the infratemporal fossa?

A

pterygomaxillary fissure

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18
Q

which group of microorganisms are associated with perio HEALTH and DISEASE ? (classic sokransky study)

A

porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola, fusobacterium nucleatum

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19
Q

explain the most accurate description of the t cell receptor

A

it is comprised of 4 polypeptides which fold up into globular domains

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20
Q

an example of parenteral drug administration is

A

intravenous

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21
Q

what advice should you give nursing mothers if you have used articaine?

A

do not breastfeed within the next 48 hours ??

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22
Q

at a molecular level, what does VIT C do?

A

hydroxylation of proline to hydroxyproline

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23
Q

how would you know that your LA solution had reached the inferior alveolar nerve after giving an inferior alveolar nerve block

A

ipsilateral numb lower lip

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24
Q

which artery is a branch of the subclavian artery

A

vertebral

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25
Q

restoration repair does what….

A

minimises cavity enlargement

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26
Q

a cell carrying the markers CD3 and CD8 is which type of cell?

A

cytotoxic T cell

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27
Q

all of the following reduce environmental mercury pollution with the exception of …….

A

FAVOURING CREMATION OVER BURIAL

28
Q

A spirochete that has been implicated in some of the most destructive forms of oral diseases, this organism is highly proteolytic……

A

treponema vincetil

29
Q

ultrasonic scalers should NOT be used…

A

IF THE PT HAS A PACEMAKER

30
Q

what drains into the inferior meatus?

A

nasolacrimal duct

31
Q

which is the sensory branch of the anterior division of CNV3?

A

long buccal

32
Q

carisolv is used for what…

A

it is a viable alternative to conventional rotary caries removal in some cases

33
Q

the LOA measurement is significant because…

A

this measurement represents the sum of all the episodes of disease which have taken place at a site since the tooth erupted

34
Q

in order to stage perio disease according to the BSP implementation guidance ……

A

you should use radiographs and ppds

35
Q

membrane lipids are described as amphipathic, what does this mean?

A

hydrophobic and hydrophillic

36
Q

conventional glass polyalkenoate cements are…..

A

composite materials

37
Q

what streptococcus species is most frequently found in association with these localised destructive diseases?

A

streptococcus anginosus

38
Q

which of the following species of prokaryote is associated with pseudomembranous collitis and produces spores?

A

clostridiloides difficile (c.difficile)

39
Q

which cranial nerve is responsible for the special sense of taste from the anterior two thirds of the tongue

A

faical

40
Q

tooth 16 has a dental abscess. which of the following is NOT an expected path of spread of infection from this tooth?

A

submandibular cellulitis

41
Q

regarding perio probes….

A

the CP12 probe is useful in measuring grade 3 furcations

42
Q

describe dentine in a statement

A

is a hard and resillient tissue due to the collagen matrix

43
Q

describe a statement that is INCORRECT about compliment

A

the three different pathways resulting in compliment activation are classical, alternative, and the lytic pathways

44
Q

which two types of keratin are found in the basal layer of both keratinised and non-keratinised epithelium?

A

keratin 5 and 14

45
Q

which cavity has the highest c factor and thus the worst predicted clinical durability if restored with resin composite?

A

an occlusal cavity in a molar tooth

46
Q

the posterior division of the retromandibular vein joins with which other vein to form the external jugular vein?

A

posterior auricular

47
Q

which cranial nerve below contains somatic motor fibres only?

A

CNV1

48
Q

what does MRSA stand for?

A

methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus

49
Q

the injection of LA into the mucosa of the hard palate is normally what?

A

it is normally painful due to the tightly bound inflexible masticatory mucosa of the hard palate

50
Q

pre-polymerised inserts, placed with class 2 resin composite restorations at placement do what???

A

they assist in contact point establishment

51
Q

the epithelial tissue of the oral mucosa is made up of what type of epithelial cells

A

stratified squamous

52
Q

the advantage of bonded amalgam restorations compared to conventional amalgam is that…..

A

it is more conservative of tooth structure

53
Q

what statement best describes gram positive bacteria

A

a prokaryote that contains a single cytoplasmic membrane surrounded by a relatively thick multi-layered cell wall that often contains a secondary polymer in addition to peptidoglycan

54
Q

collagen turnover in the PDL is done by internalisation of collagen fibrils rather than production of collagenases. what does this mean for the PDL?

A

there is more control of collagen turnover

55
Q

what medication is most likely to induce intrinsic predictable liver failure

A

paracetamol

56
Q

identify the correct sequence for an infiltration of lidocaine adjacent to an upper left second premolar : retract lip safely, identify injection site…..

A

insert needle at 45 degrees to bone, advance needle until bone is touched, withdraw by 1mm, aspirate, inject solution at 1ml/min

57
Q

which structure has a sensory innervation?

A

dura mater

58
Q

concerning the bond strength afforded to tooth substance by a dentine bonding agent it is true to say what??

A

that the bond these agents form with tooth surface can reform if broken in clinical service

59
Q

which part of the kidney is most significant in terms of drug elimination?

A

GLOMERULI

60
Q

action potentials what……

A

depolarisation is the consequence of opening sodium channels

61
Q

what could NOT be undertaken with only a buccal/labial infiltration with lidocaine according to evidence?

A

cavity prep and restoration of tooth 14

62
Q

ICDAS classification has 7 stages relating to caries progression from least to worst presentation. what list best describes the order of this? LEAST - WORST

A

distinct visual change in enamel, underlying dark shadow from dentine (with or without enamel breakdown), extensive distinct cavity with visible dentine

63
Q

dental anxiety …. which coping mechanism is widely used in order to give the patient a sense of control whilst the clinician performs a long procedure?

A

structured time

64
Q

the trigeminal pain pathway has its first synapse in which section?

A

the nucleus caudalis

65
Q

in relation to the adaptive immune system, which statement describes it as being incorrect?

A

T lymphocytes are the source of immunoglobulins

HUMAN DISEASE (1 decks)

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