Exam Prep Q's

Question 1

Define the term osteoporosis (1 mark)

Answer 1

• a silent disease that often remains asymptomatic and undetected until bone fracture occurs
• characterised by lower than normal bone mass for a given age and gender
• bone cortex is thinner and trabeculae are more sparse than in normal bone

Question 2

Describe the type of exercise most appropriate for clients with osteoarthritis and justify your answer (2 marks)

Answer 2

• low impact aerobic activities to improve cardiovascular conditioning
• passive, active, assisted & PNF stretching
• strengthening exercises to prevent atrophy and improve shock absorbing characteristics of the muscle about a joint, begin with isometric exercises

Question 3

Define the term biopsychosocial integration and discuss its importance in exercise rehab (5 marks)

Answer 3

Exercise rehab must consider integration of biological, psychological and social issues relating to the client

• a holistic approach to enhancing a persons performance
• biological: physiology, pathology, genetics
• psychological: mental and emotional, cognition, emotion, motivation, experience & behaviour
• sociological: social, work, community, family, home

Question 4

Discuss what is meant by appropriate professional and ethical behaviour in the provision of exercise rehab services (4 marks)

Answer 4

• integrity (maintaining confidentiality)
• adhering to an ethical code (professional behaviour)
• consultation within ones limits
• engaging in professional development
• avoiding manipulation of others

ESSA code of professional conduct

1. Best practice
2. Responsibility
3. Competency and accountability
4. Client care
5. Description of services
6. Confidentiality
7. Professional relations
8. Client assessments

Question 5

List two main goals of cardiac rehab (2 marks)

Answer 5

1. Maximise physical, psychological and social functioning to enable people with cardiac disease to lead fulfilling lives with confidence
2. Introduce and encourage behaviours that may minimise the risk of further cardiac events and conditions

Question 6

List three risk factors for atherosclerosis (3 marks)

Answer 6

• smoking
• obesity
• hypertension
• diabetes
• high cholesterol
• advanced age
• male
• family history

Question 7

State why atherosclerosis causes an increase in blood pressure (1 mark)

Answer 7

Narrowing and hardening of arteries results in:

• increased peripheral resistance to blood flow
• therefore require increased HR & BP to maintain perfusion

Question 8

Define pulmonary rehab and state two medical conditions where the patient might benefit from pulmonary rehab exercise (3 marks)

Answer 8

An holistic, multidisciplinary approach for the comprehensive treatment of patients with various pulmonary conditions:

• may involve a range of health professionals (Dr, Psych, OT, PT, AEP)
• pharmacological therapy, physiotherapy, exercise

Medical conditions:

• COPD, emphysema, bronchiectasis
• restrictive pulmonary disease
• asthma
• post surgery eg. lung transplant
• neuromuscular disease

Question 9

Outline the importance of assessing the physical capacity of pulmonary rehab patients and state one test that may be performed (3 marks)

Answer 9

Importance:

• establish baseline for exercise prescription
• diagnostic tool
• patient feedback/ motivation
• measure effectiveness of program

Tests include:
- treadmill VO2 max GXT
- field walking tests
> 6 or 12 MWT
> 10 meter ISWT