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Software Architecture EH > Exam prep > Flashcards

Exam prep Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference between Orchestrion and Choreography?

A

Orchestrion is the coordination of multiple services through a mediator. On the other hand with Choreography the services talk to each other.

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2
Q

What is a sidecar in microservices?

A

Its a tool for upgrading multiple components at ones. If you update the sidecar all these components update based on the sidecar.

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3
Q

What are the two primary topologies in event driven architecture?

A

Broker and Mediator.

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4
Q

What is “Information Hiding” in SA design principles?

A

An external part has no access directly to a models data. It can only be accessed through an API(getters and setters). Also called encapsulation.

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5
Q

What is “Cohesion” in SA design principles?

A

It relates to the degree which the elements inside a module belong together.
They can be ranked.

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6
Q

What is “Separation of Concern” in SA design principles?

A

Separating features into distinct artifacts to make it easier for developers to find the code and maintain it. Also called Cohesion.

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7
Q

What is “Single Responsibility” in SA design principles?

A

It states that objects should have only one responsibility and that they should have only one reason to change. It is a principle from OOP. Adding new classes are safer than changing existing. It is a special case of Separation of Concern.

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8
Q

What is “Reusability” in SA design principles and how do you make it more reusable?

A

Modularization, Visible variable features, cohesion and loose coupling

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9
Q

What is ADD?

A

Attribute-Driven Design is an iterative method and is supposed to help with:
-Choose a part to design
-Rationalize the ASRs for that part.
-Create and test a design for that part

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10
Q

What is ATAM?

A

Architecture Trade-Off Analysis Method is a method for evaluating software architectures relative to quality attribute goals.

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11
Q

What is the most important way to measure software complexity?

A

CC: Cyclomatic Complexity, a metric measurement of the number of linearly independant paths through a programs spurce code. Not need to know but formula is CC=E-N+2, edges minus nodes +2

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12
Q

What are the four steps of ATAM?

A

Gather scenarios and requirements.
Architectural views and scenario realization
Model Building and analyzes
Tradeoffs

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13
Q

What is a sensitivity point?

A

A parameter of the architecture to which some quality attribute is highly related.

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14
Q

What is a trade-off point?

A

An architecture decision that affects multiple quality attributes in opposite direction.

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15
Q

What is the ATAM conceptual flow of business?

A

Identify Business drivers, get quality attributes from drivers, write scenarios from attributes.

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16
Q

What is the ATAM conceptual flow of architecture?

A

Identify architectural plan, find architectural approaches, make architectural decisions.

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17
Q

What is blockchain technology?

A

A P2P architecture style.

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18
Q

What are the three levels of p2p architectures mentioned in blockchains?

A

Mediated: uses one central server for rules and control but also p2p
Pure: No server, only p2p
Hybrid: uses servers for rules and control but also p2p

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19
Q

What is most important about blockchain for the exam?

A

Can not be changed due to ledger, there is a source node and a chain of owners.

What is true is based on consensus, most of one opinion wins and is thus the truth.

20
Q

What is a functional decomposition diagram?

A

Just imagine it, its the 3 level one we used for the drone, with a lawnmower as example.

21
Q

What are antipatterns and name one example?

A

It is patterns that opposite of good practice. Example is Godobject where one object does everything, monolithic.

22
Q

What are Architectural Drivers?

A

Design forces that will influence the early design decisions that architects make. They need to be prioritized.

23
Q

What are ASRs?

A

Architecture significant requirements are business drivers translated.

24
Q

What is the difference between Functional, Non-Functional requirements and Constraints?

A

Functional: WHAT the system does
Non-Functional: HOW the system does it, also includes Quality Attributes
Constraints are what you must adhete to like laws and hardware requirements.

25
Q

Why would you use MoSCOW

A

To prioritize requirements

26
Q

What is a QA?

A

Measurable or testable property of a system

27
Q

What are four ways to evaluate QAs?

A

Scenario-Based, Simulation, Mathematical modelin, experience-based

28
Q

In QAS: What is stimulus and the source of stimulus?

A

Stimulus is a condition that require as response, an event
The source is that generated it

29
Q

In QAS: What is Environment?

A

In what mode the system was running when the stimulus started, example: normal operation, test, overloaded etc

30
Q

In QAS: What is Response and response measure?

A

Response: What mitigation action as undertaken as result of the stimulus
Measure: Measurement of the response that can be tested.

31
Q

In QAS: What is artifact?

A

The part of the system that was stimulated.

32
Q

In QAS: What are the two types of QAS?

A

General scenario do not belong to any system
Concrete Scenario belongs to a particular system under particular conditions.

33
Q

What are the most commonly observed problems when performance testing?

A

Bottlenecking and Poor Scalability

34
Q

In performance testing:
What is Bottlenecking?

A

This occurs when data flow is interrupted or halted because there is not enough capacity to handle the workload

35
Q

In performance testing: What is poor scalability?

A

If the software cannot handle the desired amount of concurrent tasks unexpected behavior could happen

36
Q

What are some architectural attributes related to Security?

A

Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability, Authentication, Auditable, Compliance & Privacy.

37
Q

Describe conceptual integrity?

A

It is about creating consistent software. So that even if multiple people worked on the software if seems like it was created by one mind guiding all the work.

38
Q

In testability: What is an Oracle and what is it used for?

A

Oracle is the internal state, input and output when performing a test on a program. It is used for evaluation and with either be approved or rejected.

39
Q

What are the strengths of Layered Architecture?

A

Cost and Simplicity

40
Q

What are the weaknesses of Layered Architecture?

A

Scalability, deployability, fault tolerance and more.

41
Q

What are the strengths of Pipeline AS?

A

Cost and Simplicity

42
Q

What are the weaknesses of Pipeline AS?

A

Scalability and elasticity(the ability to increase or decrease the resources used)

43
Q

What are the strengths of Mikrokernel AS?

A

Foremost cost but also quite strong in simplicity, modularity, deployability and testability

44
Q

What are the weaknesses of Mikrokernel AS?

A

Elasticity and Scalability

45
Q

What are the strenghts and weaknesses of Service-Based AS?

A

Overall really strong in most areas but weak in elasticity.

Software Architecture EH (2 decks)

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