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edexcel igcse english language > exam paper 1: section a: reading non-fiction > Flashcards

exam paper 1: section a: reading non-fiction Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

alterity

A

the state if being other, or different; otherness

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2
Q

nuanced

A

characterised by subtely or shades of meaning

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3
Q

polemic

A

a strong verbal or written cirticism which seeks to undermine the opposite position in a controversial debate

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4
Q

polyphony

A

an array of sounds (or voices) that are each as strong as eachother

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5
Q

hegemony

A

a group of people in a position of power or dominance.

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6
Q

western canon

A

the body of art, literature and music valued in the west.

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7
Q

metanarrative

A

a narrative account that experiments with or exlpores the idea of storytelling, often by drawing attention to itself

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8
Q

synthetic personalisation

A

addressing audiences as though they were individuals

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9
Q

epiphany

A

a sudden moment of realisation or revelation

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10
Q

lambast

A

criticize something harshly

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11
Q

how does morris use structure in the title of ‘Explorers or boys messing about? Either way,
taxpayer gets rescue bill’

A

it encapsulates the tone of the piece: unlike other
more objective accounts of the incident published elsewhere, there is a scathing
sarcasm in the rhetorical question which infantilises [makes them out to be children]
the two men.
it also quotes brook’s wife, and the minister of defence

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12
Q

what type of structure does article, ‘Explorers or boys messing about? Either way,
taxpayer gets rescue bill’ have

A

non-linear

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13
Q

passive case def

A

putting the object first in the sentence

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14
Q

example of the passive case in ‘Explorers or boys messing about? Either way,
taxpayer gets rescue bill’,

A

‘there was also some confusion about what exactly the men were trying to achieve

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15
Q

example of ironic distance in explorers or boys

A

’ ‘trusty helicopter’ ‘ - line 18

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16
Q

pejorative def

A

used as an insult

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17
Q

give three things of brooks’ wife

A

she gives the title of the text, she is referred to in the last line and they spent their honeymoon flying from alaska to chile

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18
Q

describe the title in the danger of a single story

A

‘danger’ foreshadows main argument in a cautionary tone, the danger of one narrative can lead to a cultural misunderstanding

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19
Q

danger of a single story: personal pronouns to plural

A

trying to create a sense of unity, inspiring, inclusive.

synthetic personalisation

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20
Q

danger of a single story: rhetorical devices

A

ethos, pathos, logos, persuasive and informative

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21
Q

how does adichie use ethos

A

to establish credibility and be modest or honest

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22
Q

antithesis def

A

a person or thing that is the direct opposite of someone or something else.

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23
Q

purpose of listing in danger of a single story

A

monotony, uninspiring

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24
Q

how does adichie use juxtaposition

A

to highlight the difference between her and the characters

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25
Q

how does adichie use pathos

A

humour “finish your food! dont you know? people like fide’s family have nothing.”

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26
Q

logos

A

shared experience

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27
Q

pathos

A

invoking pity

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28
Q

ethos

A

atmosphere, philosophy, ideaology

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29
Q

why does adichie include her own anecdotes and analogies

A

to show everyone can follow the narrative, and make those mistakes. she is trying to acoid being accusational/vindicative/patronizing and include herself

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30
Q

anaphora def

A

rhetorical device that consists of repeating a sequence of words at the beginnings of neighboring clauses

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31
Q

where does adichie use parallel structures

A

“no possibility of Africans being similar to her in any way, no possibiliy of feelings more complex than pity, no possibility of a connection as human equals.”

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32
Q

“stories can break the diginity of a people, but they can also repair that broken dignity”

A

juxtaposition

antithesis

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33
Q

stories can be empowering

theme

A

juxtaposition of great possibilites (line 75-77)
contrast - “paradise”
optimistic tone
collective pronouns
use of colon (line 27) to emphasise the importance that African stories saved adichie.

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34
Q

sterotyping is dangerous theme

A

cautionary tone ‘the danger’
juxtaposition and antithesis of stories and realities
repition of “over and over”
parallel structure “a single story of catastophe”

35
Q

all guilty of sterotyping theme

A

collective pronoun ‘we’
language choice, “unintended”, and “well-meaning”, empathetic tone
personal anecdotes
ethos - self critique establishes credibility

36
Q

how does alagiah remind us and keep us intriegued

A

by hinting and reminding us of the face, three times.

37
Q

what are the purpose of line 3-32

A

establishing context

38
Q

why does alagiah use written indtructions to describe the remoteness

A

emphasises the lack of map, uniqueness of this report and story as comapred to others

39
Q

apologia def

A

formal written defence of one’s opinions or conduct.

40
Q

apathetic def

A

showing or feeling no interest, enthusiasm, or concern.

41
Q

how does alagiah use tricolons

A

“simple, frictionless, motionless”

for emphasis of the death being commonplace

42
Q

deontic mood def

A

what ought to be

43
Q

example of parallesim in passage to africa

A

“it was rotting; she was rotting”

44
Q

effect of the one sentence reminder of the face

A

it keeps the reader interested, why doesnt he go into more depth like he did with the others.

45
Q

describe how alagiah feels in the feeding centre

A

pity and revulsion, the conflict of emotions. we would probably react the same way, so this gives him credibility

46
Q

describe the effect of the disjointed sentece strucutre when alagiah describes the face

A

it shows his altered mindset, and complex degree of embarrassment. (internal conflict of journalist)

47
Q

rhetorical quesiton in passage to africa

A

“how should i feel to be standing there so strong and confident” invokes guilt and encourages the reader to reflect

48
Q

internal rhyme in passage to africa

A

“fleeting meeting”, shows the swift connection

49
Q

effect of parallelisms used in passage to africa

A

shows his attempt to remain detattched as he feels that is the professional thing to do

50
Q

“and then it clicked”

A

shows clarity and lepihany

51
Q

what ‘fact of life’/journalist ideology/relationshop with subject does alagiah rethink?

A

“the journalist observes, the subject is observed. the journalist is active, the subject is passive.”

52
Q

what does alagiah resolve to do

A

be more active and interact with the subjects

53
Q

why does alagiah consider the man his friend

A

because he taught him something

54
Q

explain “so my nameless friend, if you are still alive, i owe you one”

A

nameless friend: oxymoron
if you are still alive: emphasises desperation of war/ weakness and failure of the report, and is a reminder that death is commonplace whilst life is precious and rare
i owe you one: reverses usual basis of relationship as journalists belive they are providing a service

55
Q

how does alagiah describe journalists

A

“ghoulish manner”

like you enjoy dark/sinister things, newsworthy journalists feed off death

56
Q

where is passage to africa set

A

village in somalia

57
Q

“pictures that stun the editors one day are written off as the same old stuff the next.”

A

reflects the media industry.
dismissive, dehumanizes the subjects of these images
the same quality ceases to be satisfying, need more - addictive
desensitised, greedy

58
Q

describe the title “chinese cinderella”

A

connotations of neglect, foreshadows the rest of the story

59
Q

describe the opening few sentences in chinese cinderella

A 
"should have had" implies the opposite
"and left there." unusual, abandonment
"despised by her..." negative diction
"autobiography" personal experience
"went home" makes it seem unordinary
60
Q

use of pathetic fallacy in chinese cinderella

A

“outside it was hot and there was wind blowing” increased tension = dread

61
Q

“the thought of leaving school throbbed at the back of my mind like a persistent toothache”

A

simile, painful thought

62
Q

why does adeline yen mah run downstairs so distressed

A

she was “wondering who had died this time”

63
Q

effect of the chaffeur picking up adeline

A

shows the disconenction from her family - “during the short drive home” also shows their lack of care for her

64
Q

“where are we?” I asked foolishly

A

shows her self-depreciation, and how its her first time there

65
Q

“perhaps the end of school forever”

A

conscious of time, melodramatic, likes school/hates home

66
Q

describe the biblical allusion

A

“holy of holies” increases the anticipation and irregularity

67
Q

does the chaffeur treat her nciely

A

no wierd beacuase she is the daughter of his employer so her father must not care.

68
Q

does adeline go to boarding school for practicality

A

no its a short drive home

69
Q

“summoned by father”

A

increases formality, anticipation and reinforces god-like hierachy

70
Q

does adeline have a good relationship with father

A

no, lots of distrust and fear “dare i let my guard down?”

71
Q

whats wierd about “is the winner adeline jun-ling yen related to you?”

A

theyre friends but he doesnt know his daughters name

72
Q

does adeline believe she has won at first

A

no, “is it possible? am i dreaming? me, the winner?” it shows her disbelief and doubt in her abilities

73
Q

“for once”

A

adverbial

74
Q

metaphor that shows the effect of her fathers pride

A

“i only had to stretch out my hand to reach the stars”

75
Q

does her father approve of her self depreciatiopn

A

yes he encourages it

76
Q

describe adelines reaction at the possibliy of uni abroad

A

disbelief, so happy to leave and study whatver, desire to leave hong kong

77
Q

is her father encouraging of wriitng

A

no, he is belittling and implies she is emotionally unintelligent

78
Q

what does her father want her to do

A

medicine, become an obstetrics because “women will always be having babies. women patients prefer women doctors”.

79
Q

does he kindly suggest medicine

A

no he repeats a list of modal verbs, he is very commanding

80
Q

“dont you agree”

A

leading quesiton, closed

81
Q

what is the art of diplomacy

A

conversation

82
Q

why is the ending of chinese cinderella ironic

A

she is over the moon but hasnt gotten what she really wants

83
Q

structure in chinese cinderella

A

hyperbole, rhetorical questions, adverbs

edexcel igcse english language (1 decks)

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