Exam One Topics pt. 2 Flashcards
Law of Conservation of Mass
During any chemical change, the total mass of substances remains a constant, it does not decrease or increase.
Law of Constant Composition
A pure compound always contains the same elements in the same parts by mass.
Mass Fraction: mass of element X in compound A
/ mass of compound A
Mass Percent: Mass Fraction*100
Law of Multiple Proportions
If elements A and B react to form different compounds, for a fixed mass of A, the amounts of B to react can only be expressed as ratios of small whole numbers.
What is the atomic number equal to?
number of protons and in a neutral atom, number of electrons
What is the atomic mass equal to?
Number of protons and neutrons together.
Cation and Anion
an atom with a positive(+) charger and an atom with a negative(-) charge
Isotopes
Variations in the mass of an atom by the addition of neutrons.
Periods
7 periods from left the right. The rows
Groups
18 groups on the periodic table up and down. The columns
Ionic Bonding
Complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another
Covalent Bonding
Sharing of electrons between two or more atoms
Ionic Compound
An ionic compound contains ionic bonds(formed between a metal and non-metal)
Covalent Compound
A Covalent compound contains covalent bonds and these are between Non-metals
Nick the Camel ate a Clam Supper and Crepes in Phoenix
Nitrate, Carbonate, Chlorate, Sulfate, Chromate, Phosphate
Number of Consonants = Number of Oxygens in the formulas
Number of Vowels = Charge on ion
Naming Binary Ionic Compounds
List cation(positive charge) first by name
List anion(negative charge) second but include suffix -ide
Naming Polyatomic Ionic Compounds
Polyatomic ions stay together as a unit
Cations have the ending -ium
Naming Acids
Acids have H+ ions
Formulas for acids start with H
Binary ionic acids
Have the prefix of hydro-
Suffix is -ic acid
Alkali Metals
Group 1A
Alkaline Earth Metals
Group 2A
Halogens
Group 7A
Noble Gases
Group 8A
Three main regions of the periodic table
Metals on the left, nonmetals (except hydrogen) on the right, and metalloids in between.
Naming Binary Covalent Compounds
Bonds between two non-metals
Name each element left to right
Second element get suffix -ide
Prefix Is given depending on the number of element that is present
Naming Oxo-Acids - Polyatomic Ions With Oxygen
Prefix is not hydro-
Suffix -ate gets changed to -ic acid
Suffix -ite changed to -ous acid
