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Ocular Pharm > Exam One Drugs to Know and MOA > Flashcards

Exam One Drugs to Know and MOA Flashcards

1
Q

what are some antivirals drugs

A

viroptic ( cat. C), Zirgan ( Cat C), Acyclovir ( Cat.B), Valacyclovir ( Cat B), Famciclovir ( Cat B), Betadine ( Cat C)- oral antivirals are B and topicals are C

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2
Q

this drug inhibits DNA synthesis of the both the virus and the host ; inhibits thymidine synthetase ( topical)

A

1 % Trifluridine ( Viroptic)

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3
Q

what is the dosage for 1% Trifluridine ( Viroptic)

A

1 gt q.2.h x 7 days up to 9 gtt/d ; then q.4-6.h

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4
Q

whats 1% Trifluridine ( Viroptic ) indicated for

A

recurrent HSV keratitis and stromal HSV

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5
Q

what are SE of 1% Trifluridine ( Viroptic )

A

SPK or Superficial puntate epithelial erosions; conj edema; delayed wound healing

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6
Q

this drug selectively targets virus infected cells ; its a prodrug; effective as Viroptic with less SE ( topical )

A

Ganciclovir gel ( Zirgan)

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7
Q

whats the indication for Ganciclovir ( Zirgan)?

A

HSV dendritic keratitis

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8
Q

whats the dosage for Gangiclovir gel ( ZIrgan)

A

1 gt in affected eye 5 times per day until the ulcer heals; then 1 drop tid x 7 days

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9
Q

what are the topical drugs for treating viral infections

A

1% Trifluridine ( Viroptic) and Ganciclovir Gel ( Zirgan)

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10
Q

what are the orals for treating viral infections

A

acyclovir, Valacyclovir, and famcyclovir

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11
Q

this drug is phosphorylated to active compound by HSV thymidine kinase ; specific for viral infected cells. does not affect host

A

acyclovir ( oral): indicated for HSV dendritic keratitis

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12
Q

what is the antiviral MOA

A

all are placebo in nature until conversion to active form by viruses -> viral thymidine kinase activates antivirals via process of phosphorylation-> antivirals get spliced into viral DNA/RNA which screws up replication cycle -> viral death ensues

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13
Q

this drug is used for the acute tx of HSV keratitis; also inhibits recurrent HSV epithelial keratitis and genital herpes ( maintenance dose )

A

Acyclovir ( Zovirax) - ointment and oral available

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14
Q

what is the dosage for acyclovir ( Zovirax ) for acute HSV keratitis

A

400 mg q.4.h. to 5xd for 7-14 days - use this if pt allergic to viroptic

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15
Q

whats the maintenance dose of acyclovir ( Zovirax) for recurrent HSV epithelial keratitis

A

400 mg b.i.d x 12 mos .

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16
Q

what are the preps for Acyclovir

A

oral tabs ( 200,400, and 800 mg tabs) , IV , and non ophth. ung

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17
Q

this drug is the prodrug to acyclovir ; has greater GI absorption

A

Valacyclovir ( Valtrex)

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18
Q

whats the dosage of Valacyclovir ( Valtrex)

A

one gm tid . VZV and 500 mg tid HSV ( caps are 500mg and 1000 mg)

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19
Q

whats the maintenance dose of valacyclovir

A

1 gm qd x 1 year

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20
Q

this drug is indicated for HSV: genital and ophthalmic ; it inhibits viral DNA ; pro drug of penciclovir

A

Famciclovir ( Famvir)

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21
Q

whats the dosage of Famciclovir

A

250 mg tid x 7 days ; for suppression of recurrent HSV 250 mg b.i.d. x 1 year

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22
Q

what are the topical options for acute HSV dendritic keratitis

A

Viroptic or Zirgan

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23
Q

What are the oral options for acute HSV dendritic keratitis

A

acyclovir, Valacyclovir, and famcyclovir

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24
Q

which drug is mainly used for Herpes / VZO ( recurrent ) HZO- shingles

A

Acyclovir : Zovirax

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25
Q

what is the dosage and tx for recurrent HZO with acyclovir ( Zovirax)

A

initiate within 72 hrs; 800 mg 5x/d x 7 days

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26
Q

this drug is used for acute Herpes Zoster Opththalmicus and Shingles ; does is 500 mg tid x 7 days

A

Famciclovir : Famvir

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27
Q

this drug is used for recurrent orolabial herpes

A

penciclovir aka denavir

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28
Q

how does the dosage changer for HSV versus VZV treatment

A

Simplex: Acyclovir is 400 mg five x day for 7-10 days, Valacyclovir is 500 mg TID for 7-10 days, and Famciclovir is 250 mg tid x 7-10 days
Herpes: Acyclovir 800 mg 5x day for 7-10 days, Valacyclovi r is 1000 mg tid for 7-10 days , and Famciclovir us 500 mg tid for 7-10 days

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29
Q

what is a negative caveat of oral antivirals

A

all are excreted via the kidney so CI in pts with kidney failure and or on dialysis

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30
Q

this is a vaccine used to prevent Shingles ( Herpes Zoster), its a live attenuated vaccine and it boosts VZV specific immunity

A

VZV: Zostavax vaccine

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31
Q

with the shingles prevention study, what % had a decreased total risk

A

51% ( with the ZEST trial, 70% decreased risk)- recommend vaccine for anyone over 50 ; cate. C drug

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32
Q

this drug is used “ off label” for EKC aka adenovirus; FDA cat. C ; use 1 gtt proparacaine and NSAID; 4-6 gtts of this drug, then after a min saline rinse ; then instill 2 gtts NSAID in office and Rx steroid gt qid x 4 days

A

betadine :povidone - iodine ( betadine decreased the viral load and the steroid is used to take care of the inflammation)

also can use Ganciclovir Gel: Zirgan

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33
Q

this is a new combo drug under study to treat adenovirus

A

dexamethasone 0.1% and betadine 0.4%

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34
Q

what are some antiviral agents for cytomegalovirus

A

ganciclovir, zidovudine, foscarnet, and Cidofovir ( all are injected or taken orally)

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35
Q

these are the polyenes antifungal agents; they increase cell membrane permeability and are fungicidal

A

natamycin, nystatin , and amphotericin B

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36
Q

this antifungal agent impairs DNA synthesis ; fungistatic

A

flucytosine

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37
Q

these are azoles; they block ergosterol synthesis -> increase cell membrane permeability ; fungistatic first and fungicidal later

A

miconazole, ketoconazole, viroconazole, itraconazole

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38
Q

this is the only FDA approved topical antifungal ; has a board spectrum against candida, aspergillus, cephalosporin, fusarium, and penicillium

A

Natamycin ( Natacyn 5%) susp.

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39
Q

these drugs disrupt the cytoplasm of the cellular membranes of acanthamoebas;

A

diamidines and biguanides

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40
Q

these are used in the tx of acanthamoebas: types include Brolene and Demodine

A

Diamidines

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41
Q

these are used in the tx of acanthamoeba; types include PHMB and chlorhexadine

A

biguanides

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42
Q

these drugs target the cell wall and break down the peptidoglycan

A

bacitracin and vancomycin

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43
Q

these drugs target the cell wall and break down transpeptidase enzyme

A

PCN and cephalosporins

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44
Q

this drug is only available in ung; most commonly rx for blepharitis

A

bacitracin ( fights gram +)

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45
Q

which drugs form polysporin

A

(+) bacitracin and - polymixin B

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46
Q

which drugs form neosporin

A

+- polysporin and +- neomysin

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47
Q

this drug is mainly given as IV for MRSA and endophthalmitis; SE = ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and red man syndrome

A

vancomycin

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48
Q

this drug can be compounded for ophthalmic use ( topical or subconj injection)

A

vancomycin ( used when other Ab are not effective esp in corneal ulcer)

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49
Q

which types of drugs are standard therapy for bacterial keratitis

A

fortified Ab ( ie gentamycin, tobramycin, amikacin, vancomycin, and cephalozin )

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50
Q

which PCN affect gram pos bacteria

A

natural PCN

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51
Q

which PCN affect gram +/-

A

amino PCN

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52
Q

what is a gen 1 cephalosporin

A

gen 1- cephalexin

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53
Q

what is a gen 2 cephalosporin

A

cefuroxime

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54
Q

what Is a gen 3 cephalosporin

A

ceftriaxone

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55
Q

what happens with bacteria that contain beta lactamase

A

the beta lactam Ab contains the beta lactam ring- this becomes inactivated by beta lactamase and penicillinase resistant bacteria

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56
Q

SE pf PCN?

A

type I and IV hypersensitivity, nausea and vomiting, decreased effectiveness of Birth control pills

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57
Q

what are natural PCNs mainly used for

A

gram +, syphilis, gonorrhea

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58
Q

what are some amino PCNs

A

ampicillin- oral , amoxicillin - oral suspension , augmentin

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59
Q

what makes up augmentin

A

amoxicillin + clavulanic acid ( clavulanic acid is a penicillinase inhibitor)

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60
Q

these drugs are indicated for dacryoadenitis, dacryocystitis, Preseptal cellulitis, internal hordeolum

A

amino PCNs

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61
Q

how do we dose amino PCNs

A 
moderate infection ( 250 mg PO tid or 500 mg PO bid) 
severe infection ( 500 mg PO tid , 875 mg PO bid )
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62
Q

T or F: if pt allergic to PCN don not give cephalosporin gen 1

A

T

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63
Q

this is a gen 1 cephalosporin that is used for Preseptal cellulitis, internal hordeolum

A

cephalexin ( Keflex) - oral 250-500 mg bid-tid x 7-10 days

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64
Q

what is mainly rx in hospital setting and is used in orbital cellulitis

A

cephalosporin gen 3,. ceftriaxone

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65
Q

these drugs disrupt folic acid production in bacteria

A

sulfanomides and trimethoprim

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66
Q

these drugs disrupt the DNA gyrase and Topoisomerase IV in bacteria

A

Gen 2 FLQ, Gen 3 FLQ, and Gen 4 FLQ

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67
Q

which drug is often used with pyrimethamine to tx toxoplasmosis

A

sulfadiazine

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68
Q

which drug is often used in combo with trimethoprim

A

sulfamethoxazole : Bactrim = sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim

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69
Q

what is the DOC for MRSA

A

trimethoprim

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70
Q

SE of sulfonamides

A

oral: nephrotoxicity, kernicterus, myopia

topical : stevens johnsons syndrome, drug allergies . CI in pregnancy

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71
Q

T or F: Trimethoprim is not effective against Pseudomonas

A

T

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72
Q

this drug is the DOC for MRSA in Ocular Trust Study ; available as oral ; SE = bone marrow suppression; CI in pregnancy ; available as ung in combo with Polymixin B ( polytrim)

A

trimethoprim

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73
Q

which generation of flouroquinolones are more effective against gram + and pseudomonas

A

gens 3 & 4 ( ciprofloxacin gen 2. is close in efficacy to gen. ; DOC in pseudomonas)
Besivance is a fourth generation FQL

74
Q

what are the generation 2 FQL

A

Ciloxan ( oral, ung, soln) and Ocuflox ( oral, soln)

75
Q

what are the gen. 3 FQL

A

Quixin ( oral, soln) and Iquix ( oral, soln)

76
Q

what are the gen 4. FQL

A

ZYmar ( soln), Zymaxid ( Soln), Moxeza, VIgamox ( oral, soln), and Besivance ( susp)

77
Q

which FQL are indicated for bacterial corneal ulcers

A

Ciloxan and Ocuflox

78
Q

what is the dosing schedule for corneal ulcer

A

Ocuflox or Ciloxan : days 1-2: instill 1-2 drops q 30 mins while awak . Awaken at aprox, q4-6 hr after retiring and instill 1-2 drops
days 3-7: instill 1-2 drops hourly, while awake.
days 7- tx completion; instill 1-2 drops 4x/day

79
Q

Can you use FQL for bacterial conj

A

Yes

80
Q

what is the dosing schedule for FQL bacterial conj

A

Ocuflox : days 1-2 instill 1 -2 drops q 2-4 hours
days 3-7 instill 1-2 drops 4x/day

Besivance; instill 1 drop tid x 7 days

81
Q

SE of FQL

A

tendonitis, CI in pregnancy and anyone

82
Q

these drugs inhibit the 30S ribosome subunit

A

aminoglycosides and tetracyclines

83
Q

these drugs inhibit the 50 S ribosome subunit

A

chloramphenicol, macrolides, lincomycin, and clindamycin

84
Q

this drug can be fortified for a corneal ulcer but has ocular SE of SPK

A

gentamicin - oral, soln

85
Q

this drug is a DOC for Pseudomonas and also is a DOC for MRSA ; less SPK then gentamicin ; available in combo with steroid

A

tobramycin ( tobrex) - sol, ung

86
Q

how do you make tobradex (susp., ung)

A

tobramycin + dexamethasone

87
Q

this drug is mainly used in combo with other drugs; not effectvie against pseudomonascauses type IV hypersensitivity - but broad spectrum

A

neomycin

88
Q

how do you make Neosporin ( ung)

A

neomycin + bacitracin + polymixin B

89
Q

how do you make maxitrol ( susp, ung )

A

neomycin + polymixin B + dexamethasone

90
Q

this drug is injected into the anterior/posterior chamber and is used for endophthalmitis ; resistance bacteria

A

amikacin

91
Q

these class of drugs have a broad spectrum against gram positive, gram netative, rickettsia, and chlamydia ; dairy inhibits their absorption

A

tetracyclines

92
Q

how often is tetracycline dosed

A

q4h

93
Q

how often is doxycycline dosed

A

BID , OR QDAY ( current DOC)

94
Q

what are some oral uses of tetracyclines

A

acne rosacea, lyme disease, chlamydia, MGD, Hordeolum, recurrent corneal erosion, pterygium

95
Q

how is doxycycline dosed for chlamydia

A

100 mg, 1 tablet PO bid x 7-10 days

96
Q

how is tetracycline dosed for Chlamydia

A

500 mg PO, 1 tablet PO qid x 3-6 weeks ( we don’t usually Rx tetracycline because it has to be taken for so long )

97
Q

which tetracyclines can be used for blepharitis ( MGD, Rosacea

A

Doxycycline, Periostat, and Aldox kit

98
Q

how is doxycycline dosed for blepharitis

A

50 mg tablet bid x 4 weeks, then q day x 4-6 mos

99
Q

how is periostat dosed for blepharitis

A

20 mg Doxy bid x 4 wks, then qd x 4-6 mos

100
Q

how is the aldox kit dosed

A

(60) 20 mg tablets of Doxy + ocusoft lid scrubs foam and pads , heat goggles

101
Q

when are tetracyclines CI

A

in pregnancy, children

102
Q

this drug is not used commonly in the US ; SE = irreversible, aplastic anemia, gray baby syndrome, optic neuritis

A

chloramphenicol

103
Q

this drug has narrow spectrum against gram + cocci, chlamydia, lyme, rickettsia, gonorrhea, H Influenzae; used for prophylaxis for ophthalmic neonatorum, ped. conjunctivitis, and staph blepharitis

A

erythromycin Ung

104
Q

this drug is the DOC for atypical pneumonia; alternative to PCN and tetracycline

A

erythromycin oral
250 mg qid
for chlamydial infection its dosed 500 mg qid x 3 wks

105
Q

this drug is an oral with broad spectrum- against gram +/- and chlamydia ; cant be given to children

A

Azithromycin oral - 1 gm one dose at one time

106
Q

this drug is an opth. soln that can be used for bacterial conjunctivitis, but is not as effective as other drugs

A

Azithromycin ( Azasite) oph soln

107
Q

what is the dose for azithromycin for bacterial conjuncitivitis

A

1 drop bid x 2 days, then 1 day x 3-5 days

108
Q

these drugs have narrow spectrum and are used in severe infections as an oral or injection; used as alternative tp PCN

A

lincomycin, clindamycin

109
Q

this drug binds to the cell membrane and alters its structure, making it more permeable ; used in combo with other drugs - effective against gram -

A

polymixin B

110
Q

how do you make polysporin ung

A

polymixin B + bacitracin + neomycin

111
Q

how do you make polytrim soln

A

polymixin B + trimethoprim

112
Q

when do we use topical versus oral meds

A

if its on the conj or cornea then use topical, if its deeper or really severe then use oral

113
Q

Review: which oral drugs can you use for anything deep : dacryocystitis, dacryoadenitis, hordeola, MGD, Preseptal cellulitis

A

Keflex 500 mg bid x 1 wk
Augmentin 500-875 mg bid x 1 wk
Levofloxacin 500 mg q day x 7-10 days for PCN allergy

114
Q

Review : which oral drugs can you use for MRSA

A

Bactrim/septra 2 double strength bid x 1 wk

doxycycline 100 mg bid x 7-10 days if sulfa allergy

115
Q

which oral drugs can you use for chlamydia and inclusion conj.

A

azithromycin (2) 500 mg tablets one time or (1) 1 g tablet at one time

116
Q

what are some topical meds for MRSA

A

polytrim, Besivance, and tobramycin

117
Q

what are some good ung for superficial skin infection

A

polysporin, Neosporin, maxitrol, tobradex

118
Q

what are some good drops for bacterial conj or bacterial keratitis

A

gentamicin, tobramycin, polytrim, Besivance, fortified Ab

119
Q

what are some systemic oral steroids

A

hydrocortisone, prednisone, prednisolone, methylprednisolone

120
Q

when are oral steroids indicated

A

posterior seg inflammation : retina, choroid, optic nerve ; orbital inflammation; severe anterior uveitis

121
Q

T or F: the body produces cortisol equal to 5 mg of prednisone

A

T: so we have to give more than 5 mg

122
Q

how do we dose prednisone

A

for mild to moderate inflammation : 20-40 mg initial daily dose
for severe inflammation: 40-80 mg initial daily dose ; if no improvement after 3 days increase to 80-100 mg

123
Q

how do you dose Methyprednisolone

A

“Medrol Dosepak” comes in 4 mg, 5 mg, or 10 mg blister packs that are proportioned for a 6 day course- “ as directed” label

124
Q

T or F: Steroids resolve inflammation

A

F: Steroids suppress inflammation not resolve inflammation

125
Q

how does tapering work for prednisone

A

taper by 10 mg increments if taking more than 40 mg of prednisone
taper by 5 mg increments if taking 40 mg of prednisone
taper by 2.5 mg increments if taking 20 mg of prednisone
taper by 1 mg if taking 10 mg of prednisone

126
Q

what are some injectable steroids

A

methylprednisolone acetate ( depo Medrol) and triamcinolone ( kenalog)

127
Q

when is methylprednisolone acetate ( depo Medrol) indicated

A

sympathetic ophthalmic, temporal arteritis, uveitis and ocular inflammatory conditions

128
Q

what is Triamcinolone ( kenalog ) most often used for

A

off label for chalazion

129
Q

what is the dosage for kenalog

A

0.1 to 1 cc

130
Q

what are the local injectable steroid routes

A

sub conj, intralesional, and intravitreal

131
Q

what are the periocular injectable steroid routes

A

sub tenon , and retrobulbar

132
Q

when are injectable steroids indicated

A

anterior seg inflammation ( non compliant pts), posterior seg patients , chalazia ( granuloma formation)

133
Q

this was the first intravitreal implant FDA approved in 2005; indicated for chronic non infectious posterior uveitis

A

retisert

134
Q

this was an intravitreal implant approved in 2014 for diabetic macular edema

A

iluvien

135
Q

this was an intravitreal implant apprived in 2009 ( sustained delivery of dexamethasone) used for diabetic macular edema, macular edema following BRVO or CRVO , and for chronic non infectious uveitis

A

Ozurdex

136
Q

these are intracanalicular plugs used in clinical trials for allergic conjunctivitis ; sustained delivery of dexamethasone

A

dextenza

137
Q

this is an ester based steroid indicated for allergic conjunctitivitis

A

loteprednol 0.2% susp. ( Alrex) ( great for chronic use)

138
Q

T or F: Loteprednol comes in a 0.5% preparation of susp. ung, and gel

A

T

139
Q

this is a ketone based steroid that is one of the most efficacious drops ; good for severe inflammatory conditions ; must be shaken

A

prednisolone acetate 1% susp ( Pred Forte)- generic brand not as good
dosed qh

140
Q

this is a ketone based steroid that does NOT require shaking ; another efficacious drop l good for severe cases of inflammatory conditions

A

Durezol

141
Q

why is Durezol so good for inflammation

A

fluorinated at C6 and C9 for increased potency ; hydroxyl group at C17 replaced with butyric acid for increased inflammatory activity ; hydroxyl group at C21 replaced with acetic acid for increased epithelial penetration and lipophilicity; BAK free, longer duration of action; BUT its expensive ; dosed q 2h

142
Q

this is a ketone based steroid generic that you must shake l high efficacy and good for mild to moderate acute inflammatory conditions

A

prednisolone acetate 1% suspc

143
Q

this is a ketone based generic that you DONT have to shake ; inexpensive with high efficacy - mild to moderate acute inflammatory conditions

A

prednisolone sodium phosphate 1% soln

144
Q

Which of the flourometholone steroids must you shake

A

flourometholone acetate 0.1% susp. , and flourometholone alcohol 0.1% susp. , DO Not shake the flourometholone alcohol 0.1 % ung ; these are moderate efficacy ; less SE so if Loteprednol too expensive we can Rx this for chronic use

145
Q

how do you make tobradex

A

tobramycin + dexamethasone

146
Q

how do you make maxitrol

A

polymixin B + neomycin + dexamethasone

147
Q

what is the only CI to topical steroids

A

epithelial herpetic infection- steroid wll make it worse

148
Q

how do we dose topical steroids

A

one drop q 1-2 hrs for the first 24-48 hours ( while awake) ; min is qid; a 3,2,1 taper is common

149
Q

T or F: there are no oral steroid/ AB combos

A

T

150
Q

this steroid /Ab combo is prednisolone acetate .2% and Na Sulfacetamide

A

Blephamide

151
Q

this steroid /AB combo is a prednisolone acetate 1% and Neomycin , POlymixin B

A

Poly- Pred; use for short periods

152
Q

this steroid /Ab combo is prednisolone acetate 1% and gentamicin

A

Pred- G

153
Q

this steroid/ Ab combo is dexamethasone 0.1% and neomycin, polymixin B

A

maxitrol

154
Q

this steroid /Ab combo is dexamethasone 0.1% and tobramycin

A

tobradex

155
Q

this steroid Ab combo is dexamethasone 0.05%, tobramycin with a xanthum gum delivery system

A

tobradex ST; the drop is more viscous increases retention time

156
Q

this steroid Ab combo is loteprednol 0.5% and tobramycin

A

zylet

157
Q

for combo steroid ab drugs whats the dosing schedule

A

ung are dosed 3-4x/day, susp, dosed q3h- q6h ( tapering not recommended bc of Ab)

158
Q

when are combo ab /steroid drugs indicated

A

inflammatory conditions with bacterial infection or risk of bacterial infections

159
Q

what are the newer topical NSAIDS used

A

Bromfenac and Nepafenac ( older ones are Ketorolac and Diclofenac)

160
Q

this topical NSAID is used for post op inflammation after cat extraction and for pain and photophobia in pts undergoing corneal refractive Sx

A

Voltaren ( diclofenac 0.1%)

161
Q

this topical NSAID stings and is used for ocular itching due to seasonal allergic conj, its used 1 gt qid and for post op inflammation after cat extraction

A

acular ( ketorolac 0.5%)

162
Q

what is acular LS 0.4%

A

topical NSAID used for reduction of pain following lasik Sx; 1 gt QID doesn’t sting as much as Acular

163
Q

what is Acuvail

A

topical NSAID that’s preservative free ; tx of pain and inflammation after cataract extraction

164
Q

this drug is for the tx of postoperative inflammation and reduction of ocular pain in pts who have undergone cat sx

A

Prolensa ( Bromfenac 0.07%) ; 1 drop qd ( begin one drop prior to sx, then continue on the day of sx, and then through the 14 days post sx )

165
Q

this topical NSAID Is used to tx pain and inflammation and is used in Cat Sx ; 1 drop TID ; used off label for CME

A

Nevanac ( Nepafenac 0.1%) ; an alternative is Ilevro ( Nepafenac 0.3%) - dosed at 1 drop qd- go with whichever is cheaper

166
Q

SE of NSAIDS

A

SEI formation ( infiltrates), delayed woung healing, corneal melt syndrome, burning, stinging, SPK, and conj hyperemia ; CI in soft CLs wearers

167
Q

this was the original / first ocular anti vegf molecule ; selectively inhibits vegf A 165 isoform; one injection q 4 wks in affected eye ; cat B

A

Magugen

168
Q

this drug is from the treat and extend approach for wet armd; injection q 4 wks x 3-4 mos then PRN; inhibits ALL isoforms of vegf; cat C

A

Lucentis

169
Q

this drug is used for wet armd, dme, rvos , inhibits all isoforms of vegfA ; cheap ; injection q 4 weeks

A

avastin

170
Q

this is the newest agent approved for wet armd, dme, rvos; blocls placental growth factor ; q 8 wk injection

A

eyelea

171
Q

AE of Anti Vegf

A

endophthalmitis, retinal detachments, IOP spikes, thromboembolic events, cataracts, vitreous floaters, conj hemes

172
Q

this drug is indicated for chemical vitreolysis in Tx of VMT; dissolves the protein matrix of vitreoretinal interface

A

jetrea- single one time injection

173
Q

this drug is used for chemocautery of conj bv and off label for superior limbic keratoconj

A

silver nitrate solution

174
Q

this is an antimetabolite used in sx to prevent scarring during the healing process

A

5- FU / Mitomycin C ( MItomycin C is 5 times more potent than 5 FU)

175
Q

this is injected IV just prior to or during MRI;

A

Gadolinium ( it decreases the relaxation time of T1 images - enhanced scan contrast)

176
Q

this angiography is better for visualizing the choroid

A

ICG ( Indocyanine Green Angiography)

177
Q

these are aka rock inhibitors ; they lower IOP ; one drop qd- bid ; MOA : cytoskeletal reorganization in TM; site of action Is TM- increases spaces between TM cells

A

rho kinase inhibitors

178
Q

this drug is a rho kinase inhibitor

A

Rhopressa 0.02% ( qd - bid dosing ) and Roclatan ( rhopressa + latanoprost) - qd dosgin

179
Q

these drugs are used to increase TM outflow ; 200-500 qd PO

A

adenosine receptor mimetic agonist ( trabodenoson)

180
Q

MOA of marijuana for glaucoma

A

Cannabinoid receptor agonism-> decreased aqueous production

181
Q

what is the active ingredienct molecule for crosslinking the cornea for keratoconus

A

riboflavin: it stiffens and flattens the cornea

182
Q

this is a synthetic PEG hydrogel that seals the corneal incision like glue ; approved for cat sx

A

resure corneal sealant gel

Ocular Pharm (3 decks)

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