Exam One Flashcards
1
Q
What is victimology?
A
- the scientific study of crime victims
- the study of causes of victimization, it’s consequences, how the CJS accommodates and assists victims, and how other elements of society deal with crime victims
2
Q
What is victim precipitation?
A
- extent to which victims are responsible for their own victimization
- concept is problematic when used to blame victim
3
Q
What is victim facilitation?
A
- victim unintentionally makes it easier for offender to commit crime
- victim not blameworthy but actions made a victim a more likely target
4
Q
What is victim provocation?
A
- persons actions incite another person to commit a crime
- crime would not have occurred w/o the victims actions
- provocation connotes blame
5
Q
The national crime survey…
A
was the first government sponsored victimization survey
6
Q
The women’s movement
A
- influential movement for women
- focused on female crime victims and children
- lead to first domestic violence shelters and rape crisis in 1970’s
7
Q
What were the critical developments from the Women’s Movement?
A
- awareness of emotional and mental harm
- reduced additional victimization of CJS
- shelters/centers run by volunteers, didn’t require significant budgetary support
8
Q
The Civil Rights Movement
A
- advocated against racism and discrimination
- created awareness of mistreatment of minorities by CJS as both offenders and victims
9
Q
What are secondary victims?
A
people affected by somebody else’s victimization
10
Q
Key elements in victim prevention
A
- discourage offenders
- reduce opportunity
- address factors that place victims at risk
11
Q
Uniform Crime Victim Report
A
- began in 1929 and run by the FBI
- shows amount of crime known to police each year
- detailed information of eight Part I Crimes
- includes arrest data on 21 additional Part II Crimes
12
Q
Advantages of the UCR
A
- over 97% of the US covered
- provides crimes by geographical units
- provides trend data
- reports crime characteristics
13
Q
Disadvantages of the UCR
A
- no detailed information on victims
- information only on crimes that are reported
- Part I crimes are limited
- Hierarchy rule
- accuracy limited by agency participation
14
Q
National Incident Based Reporting
A
- detailed information about crimes
- eliminates hierarchy rule
- not all agencies participate
- information on crime victims and incidents
15
Q
National Crime Victimization survey
A
- survey of households
- administered by US census of bureu
- 12+ age, interviewed
- two stage process
