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Information Systems > Exam One > Flashcards

Exam One Flashcards

1
Q

Information

A

data with some context that makes it useful (the stock price of apple on Aug 26th 2014 was $101)

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2
Q

System

A

components that allow information to be captured, stored, processed, and communicated

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3
Q

Information System Example

A

I obtained the info using google finance website that aggregates financial and other information related to companies and makes it available on the web

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4
Q

Information Technology (IT)

A

the hardware, software, and media used to store, organize, retrieve, and communicate information

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5
Q

Information System (IS)

A

an organized combination of hardware, software, infrastructure, data and people that is used to accomplish a specified organizational or personal objective

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6
Q

Use of info in organization

A

communication
business processes
decision making

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7
Q

Business process

A

an ongoing collection of related activities that create a product or service or value to the organization, its business partners, and/or its customers

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8
Q

Business Process compromised of three elements

A

Inputs
Resources
Outputs

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9
Q

Flowchart

A

a diagram that provide a logical description of a process or an algorithm

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10
Q

Moore’s Law

A

observation that number of transitors in electronic chips double every couple of years

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11
Q

Strategic information systems

A

information systems are considered strategic when they provide a competitive advantage

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12
Q

Information system’s vital role in three areas of business processes

A

Executing the process
Capturing and storing process data
Monitoring process performance

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13
Q

Business Process Reengineering (BPR)

A

a radical redesign of an organization’s business processes to increase productivity and profitability

  • Examines business processes with a “clean slate” approach
  • Example: the process of hailing a cab has changed completely through the use of mobile apps
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14
Q

Business Process Improvement (BPI)

A

an incremental approach to move an organization toward business process centered operations, focuses on reducing variation in process outputs by identifying the underlying cause of variation
- Six sigma is a popular methodology for BPI

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15
Q

Globalization

A

the integration and interdependence of economic, social, cultural, and ecological facets of life, made possible, by rapid advances in IT

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16
Q

Three eras

A

Globalization 1.0 countries
Globalization 2.-0 companies
Globalization 3.0- individuals and groups

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17
Q

Three pillars of information technology growth

A

exponential
digital
combinatorial

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18
Q

Goal seek

A

excel provides a goal seek function where you can provide the desired ouput value for a cell and also the input cell that may be varied to get the desired value. The excel then searches for an input value that will provide the desired output value

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19
Q

Nesting functions

A

OUTPUT 2 = FUNCTION 2(INPUT B, FUNCTION 1(INPUTS A))

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20
Q

Collaborative consumption and sharing economy

A

new marketplaces where excess capacity in goods and services can be shared efficiently using information technology

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21
Q

Basic functions to combine logical conditions

A

AND, OR

22
Q

Function to provide the opposite of a condition

A

NOT

23
Q

Porter’s five competitive forces

A
  • Threats of new entrants
  • Supplier power (bargaining power of suppliers)
  • Buyer power (bargaining power of buyers)
  • Threats of substitute products or services
  • Rivalry (competing organizations)
24
Q

Big data

A

diverse, high-volume, high-velocity, information assets that require new forms of processing to enable enhanced decision making, insight discover, and process optimization

25
Q

Database

A

an organized collection of data

26
Q

Databases minimize three main problems

A
  • Data redundancy
  • Data isolation
  • Data inconsistency
27
Q

Databases maximize the following three

A
  • Data security
  • Data integrity
  • Data independence
28
Q

Entities

A

things we store information about

29
Q

Field

A

individual characteristics about an entity, fields are also called attributes or columns

30
Q

Record

A

a group of fields or attributes to describe a single instance of an entity, these are also called rows

31
Q

Table

A

a collection of records or instances for a given entity

32
Q

Database

A

a collection of tables containing information to support a given system or a particular topic area

33
Q

Primary key

A

a unique attribute used to identify a single instance of an entity

34
Q

Foreign key

A

a primary key of one entity that is duplicated in another entity to identify instances of a relationship

35
Q

One of the main reasons global communication of data is fast and low cost is because of the availability of

A

submarine fiber optic cables

36
Q

Value chain describes the XXXXX that transforms an organizations inputs into valuable outputs

A

primary and support activities

37
Q

Routine Information System

A

Information system that provides a service that competitors also offer, giving no competitive advantage (website of a bank allowing account holders to view their balance)

38
Q

Strategic Planning Process

A
  • Strategic Business Planning (Know Who You Are)
  • Information Systems Assessment (Know What You Have (Resources)))
  • Information Systems Vision(Know Where You Want to Go)
  • Information Systems Architecture (Know How You Can Get There)
  • Strategic Initiatives Identification (Know What You Need To Do)
39
Q

http

A

protocol

40
Q

www.microsoft.com

A

domain or host name

41
Q

/security

A

directory name

42
Q

default.html

A

file name

43
Q

Prameter

A

anything before the =

44
Q

Value

A

anything after the =

45
Q

Roles of information systems in organizational culture

A

process improvement
automation
process control
information flow

46
Q

An associative table must have

A

two foreign key columns

47
Q

VLOOKUP

A

=VLOOKUP(cell, absolute reference table, column index number, true)*cell

48
Q

True

A

approximate match

49
Q

False

A

exact match

50
Q

If function

A

=IF(a>b,i,d)

51
Q

Goal seek

A

=GOALSEEK

Information Systems (3 decks)

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