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Database Management Systems > Exam One > Flashcards

Exam One Flashcards

1
Q

according to a McKinsey Global Institute Report, in 2010 alone, global enterprises stored more than

A

7 million exabytes of data

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2
Q

program-data independence, planned data redundancy, improved data consistency, improved data sharing, increased productivity of application development, enforcement of standards, improved data quality, improved data accessibility and responsiveness, reduced program maintenance, improved decision support

A

advantages of database approach

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3
Q

legacy systems contain what data and are hosted where

A

poor, mainframes

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4
Q

proof of concept time

A

1960s

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5
Q

creating, updating, storing, and retrieving data from a database

A

primary purposes of a database management system

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6
Q

iterative process of system development in which requirements are converted to a working system that is continuously revised between analysts and users

A

prototyping

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7
Q

individuals and interactions over processes and tools, working software over comprehensive documentation, customer collaboration over contract negotiation, responding to change over following a plan

A

agile software development

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8
Q

database that supports one user

A

personal database

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9
Q

database that can include ERP

A

enterprise applications

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10
Q

database that is multi-tiered client/server

A

departmental database

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11
Q

failure to implement a strong database administrative function

A

most common source of database failures in organizations

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12
Q

new specialized personnel, installation and management cost and complexity, conversion costs, need for explicit backup and recovery, organizational conflict

A

costs and risks of database approach

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13
Q

software system that enables the use of a database approach

A

database management system

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14
Q

organized collection of logically related data

A

database

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15
Q

stored representation of objects and events that have meaning and importance in the user’s environment

A

data

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16
Q

data that has been processed in such a way that the knowledge of the person who uses the data is increased

A

information

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17
Q

data that describes properties or characteristics of data

A

metadata

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18
Q

application program that is used to perform a series of database activities on behalf of database users

A

database applications

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19
Q

program-data dependence, duplication of data, limited data sharing, lengthy development times, excessive program maintenance

A

disadvantages of file processing systems

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20
Q

graphical systems used to capture the nature and relationships among data

A

data models

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21
Q

a person, place, object, event, or concept in the business environment

A

entity

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22
Q

establish the relationships between entities by means of common fields included in a logical structure called a relation

A

relational database

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23
Q

detailed, well-planned development process, long, time-consuming but comprehensive, process measured by milestones

A

system development life cycle

24
Q

faster and more adaptive, especially when DB is in place already, embeds customer within the development process/collaboration

A

rapid application development

25
Q

user views, can be determined from business

A

external schema

26
Q

schema of developing entities

A

conceptual schema

27
Q

logical and physical schemas, inside of DB

A

internal schema

28
Q

detailed, logical representation of the data for a business

A

entity-relationship model

29
Q

statement that defines or constrains some aspect of the business

A

business rule

30
Q

declarative, precise, atomic, consistent, expressible, distinct, business-oriented

A

what business rules are

31
Q

collection of entities that share common properties or characteristics

A

entity type

32
Q

single occurrence of an entity type

A

entity instance

33
Q

attribute or combination of attributes that uniquely distinguishes each occurrence

A

identifier

34
Q

property or characteristics of an entity type that is of interest to the business

A

attribute

35
Q

meaningful association between or among entity type

A

relationship type

36
Q

association between or among entity instances, each relationship instance associates exactly one entity instances from each participating entity type

A

relationship instance

37
Q

entity type that associates the instances of one or more entity types

A

associative entity

38
Q

number of instances of an entity that can or must be associated with each instance of another entity

A

cardinality constraint

39
Q

number of entity types that participate in a relationship

A

degree

40
Q

creating, updating, removing data

A

what business policies and rules govern

41
Q

business characteristics, meaningful, unique, readable, composed of words taken from an approved list, repeatable, standard syntax

A

what data names should be

42
Q

subgrouping of the entities in an entity type that is meaningful to a business

A

subtype

43
Q

generic entity type that has a relationship with one or more subtypes

A

supertype

44
Q

property by which subtype entities inherit values of all attributes and instance of all relationships of the supertype

A

attribute inheritance

45
Q

process of defining a more general entity type from a set of more specialized entity types, bottom-up

A

generalization

46
Q

process of defining one or more subtypes of the supertype and forming supertype/subtype relationships, top-down

A

specialization

47
Q

addresses supertype/subtype relationship

A

completeness constraint

48
Q

each entity instances of the supertype must be a member of some subtype in the relationship

A

total specialization

49
Q

an entity instances of the supertype is allowed to not belong to any subtype

A

partial specialization

50
Q

addresses whether an instance of a supertype may simultaneously be a member of two or more subtypes

A

disjointedness constraint

51
Q

if an entity instances (supertype) is a member of one subtype, it cannot simultaneously be a member of any other subtype

A

disjoint rule

51
Q

attribute of a supertype whose values determine target subtype

A

subtype discriminator

51
Q

an entity instance can simultaneously be a member of two or more subtypes

A

overlap rule

52
Q

data descriptions being written into programming code

A

what program-data dependence is caused by

52
Q

a good data definition will describe all of the characteristics of a data object EXCEPT

A

who can delete data

52
Q

hierarchical arrangement of supertype and subtypes, where each subtype has only one supertype

A

supertype/subtype hierarchy

Database Management Systems (1 decks)

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