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Chem 108 > exam one > Flashcards

exam one Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the difference between an element and a compound?

A

an element is a pure substance that can not be broken down, while a compound is made up of two or more (elements, atoms, substances, etc) and can be broken down.

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2
Q

what is the difference between pure substances and mixtures?

A

a pure substance is made up of one component, while mixtures are made up of two or more.

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3
Q

what is the difference from a solution/homogeneous mixture to a heterogeneous mixture

A

a heterogeneous mixture is where the composition varies from one region to another, while a solution/homogenous mixture is uniform throughout.

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4
Q

what is one inch in cm

A

2.54 cm`

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5
Q

what is one kg in lb

A

2.205 lb

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6
Q

what is one mol of particles equal to?

A

6.02x10^23 particles

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7
Q

what is one gal in L

A

3.785 L

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8
Q

what is a physical property

A

a property that shows without changing composition (ie: melting or freezing)

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9
Q

what is a chemical property

A

a property that shows after/during a change in composition (ie: apples turning brown after being cut)

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10
Q

what is an extensive property

A

volume, mass or size. depends on the size

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11
Q

what is an intensive property

A

density, state, or temperature. does not depend on the size.

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12
Q

What do elements B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te, and At all have in common?

A

they’re all semimetals

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13
Q

what does c stand for and equal?

A

speed of light, 3.00x10^8 m/s

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14
Q

what does h and for and equal?

A

placks constant, 6.626x10^-34 J/s

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15
Q

what is the equation for speed of light?

A

λv (wavelength x frequency)

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16
Q

what is the equation for energy per photon?

A

E= hv

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17
Q

what is the equation for wavelength (λ)

A

λ= speed/frequency

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18
Q

what does n stand for? L? ml?

A

n- the principle quantum number (ie, the size of an electron, be it 2s or 3s)
l- the angular momentum quantum number (ie, the orbital an electron occupies, be it s, p, d, or f)
ml- the energy levels in a subshell

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19
Q

true or false: the atomic radii gets smaller from left to right

A

true

20
Q

does ionic radii get bigger or smaller from left to right?

A

bigger.

21
Q

what does ionization energy do?

A

increases from left to right, and decreases from top to bottom

22
Q

what does electron affinity do?

A

increases upward and left to right.

23
Q

what’s ionization energy

A

the energy required to remove an electron from a neutral atom

24
Q

what’s electron affinity?

A

the energy change when a neutral atom attracts an electron

25
Q

what is shielding?

A

]when the outer electrons are repelled by the core electrons

26
Q

what is effective nuclear charge

A

the attraction of positive charged protons acting on valance electrons

27
Q

what is coulombs law?

A

E= 1/(4pi^eo)x (q1q2)/r

28
Q

what is is the volume of a cylinder

A

pihr^2

29
Q

what is the equation for distance?

A

speed x time

30
Q

mass is a ______ property

A

physical

31
Q

volume is a ______ property

A

physical

32
Q

magnetism is a ______ property

A

physical

33
Q

melting is a ______ property

A

physical

34
Q

reactivity is a ______ property

A

chemical

35
Q

as the wavelength decreases, the frequency _____

A

increases

36
Q

as the probability of finding an electron in an orbital increase, the boundary surface diagram __________

A

increases

37
Q

it is _________ to drive a boundary surface diagram of 100%

A

impossible

38
Q

what does the s orbital look like?

A

a sphere

39
Q

what is the shape of a p orbital

A

two eggs beside eachother

40
Q

what does the d orbital look like

A

a clover

41
Q

what pattern is the electron configuration?

A

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p6 7s2 5f14 6d10 7p6

42
Q

shells (n) determine the ____ of an orbital

A

size

43
Q

where should electrons be removed from?

A

the s orbital

44
Q

what is the equation for ionization energy

A

X(g) + IE1 = X^+(g) + e-

45
Q

what is the equation for electron affinity

A

X(g)+ e- = X-(g) + EA

Chem 108 (3 decks)

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