exam one Flashcards
what is the difference between an element and a compound?
an element is a pure substance that can not be broken down, while a compound is made up of two or more (elements, atoms, substances, etc) and can be broken down.
what is the difference between pure substances and mixtures?
a pure substance is made up of one component, while mixtures are made up of two or more.
what is the difference from a solution/homogeneous mixture to a heterogeneous mixture
a heterogeneous mixture is where the composition varies from one region to another, while a solution/homogenous mixture is uniform throughout.
what is one inch in cm
2.54 cm`
what is one kg in lb
2.205 lb
what is one mol of particles equal to?
6.02x10^23 particles
what is one gal in L
3.785 L
what is a physical property
a property that shows without changing composition (ie: melting or freezing)
what is a chemical property
a property that shows after/during a change in composition (ie: apples turning brown after being cut)
what is an extensive property
volume, mass or size. depends on the size
what is an intensive property
density, state, or temperature. does not depend on the size.
What do elements B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te, and At all have in common?
they’re all semimetals
what does c stand for and equal?
speed of light, 3.00x10^8 m/s
what does h and for and equal?
placks constant, 6.626x10^-34 J/s
what is the equation for speed of light?
λv (wavelength x frequency)
what is the equation for energy per photon?
E= hv
what is the equation for wavelength (λ)
λ= speed/frequency
what does n stand for? L? ml?
n- the principle quantum number (ie, the size of an electron, be it 2s or 3s)
l- the angular momentum quantum number (ie, the orbital an electron occupies, be it s, p, d, or f)
ml- the energy levels in a subshell
true or false: the atomic radii gets smaller from left to right
true
does ionic radii get bigger or smaller from left to right?
bigger.
what does ionization energy do?
increases from left to right, and decreases from top to bottom
what does electron affinity do?
increases upward and left to right.
what’s ionization energy
the energy required to remove an electron from a neutral atom
what’s electron affinity?
the energy change when a neutral atom attracts an electron
what is shielding?
]when the outer electrons are repelled by the core electrons
what is effective nuclear charge
the attraction of positive charged protons acting on valance electrons
what is coulombs law?
E= 1/(4pi^eo)x (q1q2)/r
what is is the volume of a cylinder
pihr^2
what is the equation for distance?
speed x time
mass is a ______ property
physical
volume is a ______ property
physical
magnetism is a ______ property
physical
melting is a ______ property
physical
reactivity is a ______ property
chemical
as the wavelength decreases, the frequency _____
increases
as the probability of finding an electron in an orbital increase, the boundary surface diagram __________
increases
it is _________ to drive a boundary surface diagram of 100%
impossible
what does the s orbital look like?
a sphere
what is the shape of a p orbital
two eggs beside eachother
what does the d orbital look like
a clover
what pattern is the electron configuration?
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p6 7s2 5f14 6d10 7p6
shells (n) determine the ____ of an orbital
size
where should electrons be removed from?
the s orbital
what is the equation for ionization energy
X(g) + IE1 = X^+(g) + e-
what is the equation for electron affinity
X(g)+ e- = X-(g) + EA
