exam one

Question 1

darwin _________ the world

Answer 1

revolutionized

Question 2

when did darwin sail on the hms beagle?

Answer 2

1831-1836

Question 3

when did darwin reach the galapagos

Answer 3

1835

Question 4

what did darwin realize?

Answer 4

species could slowly change

Question 5

who found dinosaurs?

Answer 5

owen

Question 6

what did darwin believe?

Answer 6

species are not fixed

Question 7

what idea did darwin come up with?

Answer 7

natural selection

Question 8

why was darwin forced to publish his work?

Answer 8

other scientists were coming up with the same ideas as him

Question 9

the world did not start out with _______ creatures

Answer 9

complex

Question 10

what did marie currie dable in?

Answer 10

radiation

Question 11

where did amphibians evolve?

Answer 11

the connected earth

Question 12

what and when did watson and crick do?

Answer 12

made a dna structure in 1953

Question 13

all ____ is related

Answer 13

life

Question 14

where did life begin

Answer 14

the sea

Question 15

what are sponges decendants of?

Answer 15

the first multicelled organisms

Question 16

what did birds evolutionize from?

Answer 16

dinosaurs

Question 17

what did darwin study on the islands

Answer 17

the finiches

Question 18

what were the three main beak types darwin looked at and describe them.

Answer 18

needle beak- picked insects
woodpecker beak- picked larvae
cactus beak- dig through cactus needles

Question 19

how many finches evolved from the original?

Answer 19

13

Question 20

what happened to the finches in 1977

Answer 20

an 18 month drought occured, leading to 80% of the small beak species dying

Question 21

what happened in 1983?

Answer 21

there was alot of raining, and the large beaks couldnt find food, so the small beaks grew in population

Question 22

what is a species?

Answer 22

a group of living, similar individuals capable of exchanging genes and interbreeding

Question 23

what two main differences do the finch spiecies have from one another?

Answer 23

they sing different songs and have different appearances

Question 24

single celled organisms make up __% of all life (__ minutes out of sixty minutes)

Answer 24

83; 50

Question 25

animals make up __% of life on earth (__ minutes out of sixty)

Answer 25

17; 10

Question 26

humans make up __% of life on earth (__ out of sixty minutes)

Answer 26

.01; .01

Question 27

when did animals first appear on earth

Answer 27

3.8 billion years ago (prokaryotes) and 1.8 billion years ago (eukaryotes)

Question 28

what are the three physical traits of mammals

Answer 28

live birth warm blooded breathe air

Question 29

explain translational form

Answer 29

fossils/organisms show the middle stages between the past form and its descendants form

Question 30

explained what happened to the sinonyx (wolf like creature)

Answer 30

its food source was the ocean, so over time its legs became fins and its fur disappeared

Question 31

how to fish swim compared to mammals?

Answer 31

fish swim from side to side and mammals swim by moving up and down

Question 32

what are tetrapods

Answer 32

four limbed veterbrstes

Question 33

how do tetrapods resemble humans

Answer 33

both have shoulder bones and have fingers/bones that resemble fingers

Question 34

what is an example of fish adaptions?

Answer 34

evolution of a hard shell

Question 35

what was the cambrain explosion?

Answer 35

an explosion of animal diversity

Question 36

what are triplobites

Answer 36

anthropods with an exoskeleton

Question 37

why are the burgess shales fossils important?

Answer 37

they are the earliest of all creatures with an exoskeleton

Question 38

what are pikaia

Answer 38

the earliest ancestors or vertebrate animals

Question 39

what are segmentation patterns

Answer 39

repeating units in a segmented organism, such as antlers

Question 40

what animal is closest related to humans?

Answer 40

chimpanzees

Question 41

humans vs. chimpanzees 1. spinal column 2. pelvis 2. knee position

Answer 41

(human/chimp) 1. skull points downward/back of skull 2. short and squat/long and narrow 3. close together/wide apart

Question 42

when did animals appear/the cambrain explosion happen

Answer 42

540 million years ago

Question 43

what is sickle cell anemia

Answer 43

an environmental disease that causes red blood cells to be mishapen and not enough oxygen delivery

Question 44

how many people in the US have sickle cell anemia

Answer 44

70k-125k

Question 45

what is sca related to?

Answer 45

malaria

Question 46

who studied lizards in the caribbean

Answer 46

johnathan losos

Question 47

describe the grass-bush anole

Answer 47

it has a long tail and lives in the grasses and bushes

Question 48

describe trunk-ground anoles

Answer 48

live on/close to the ground and have long legs

Question 49

describe twig anoles

Answer 49

live in trees and are tiny and slender

Question 50

describe the canopy anole

Answer 50

lives in the canopy of trees and are large and green

Question 51

when can evolution occur rapidly

Answer 51

when natural selection is strong

Question 52

what are the four types of animal tissue

Answer 52

connective, muscle, epithelial, and nervous.

Question 53

what is connective tissue used for

Answer 53

cushioning and support; allows joints to work/move

Question 54

what do muscle cells do

Answer 54

they help with movement

Question 55

what are epithelial cells used for

Answer 55

to tightly seal parts of the body, like the bladder and heart

Question 56

what do nervous tissue do?

Answer 56

conduct electrical impulses; allow functions to happen

Question 57

what are absorptive cells

Answer 57

hair like projections called microvilli that increases the area of absorption

Question 58

what is simple squamous and what does it do?

Answer 58

it is one layer, and irregularly shaped. it is epithelial. | it allows diffusion to occur rapidly

Question 59

transitional epothelial cells can _______.

Answer 59

stretch

Question 60

describe cardiac muscle tissue

Answer 60

it is cylinder and branched, striped, and involuntary

Question 61

describe skeletal muscle tissue

Answer 61

it has multiple nuclei, stiped, cylinder shaped, and voluntary

Question 62

describe smooth muscle tissue

Answer 62

spindle shaped, involuntary control

Question 63

what are the seven types of connective tissue and describe them.

Answer 63

``` dense irregular- no organization dense regular- cells line up loose- anchors skin down adipose- fat that stores triglipsande hard (cartilage AND bone)- live inside hollow cavities (matrix mineralizes) blood- carry oxygen and fight sickness ```

Question 64

what surrounds tissue?

Answer 64

extracellular matrix

Question 65

what is the one type of nervous tissue and what does it look like?

Answer 65

neuron tissue; several branches interconnected with eachother

Question 66

define asymmetry

Answer 66

there is no symmetry because the body is irregularly shaped

Question 67

define radial symmetry

Answer 67

arranged around the central axis with multiple divisons

Question 68

define bilateral symmetry

Answer 68

body is divided into two mirroring halves

Question 69

what is a procimate cause?

Answer 69

a series of immediate physiological events

Question 70

what is an ultimate cause

Answer 70

selective advantages promote behaviot