Exam No. 2

Question 0

who is Catherine de Medici and what did she contribute to dance ?

Answer 0

• daughter of Lorenzo the magnificent
• growing up in Florence court she developed taste for dance(encouraged all her life )
• envisioned ballet as powerful political weapon.
• married Henry the 2nd brought ballet to France.

Question 1

who is Lorenzo the magnificent ?

Answer 1

• Patron of arts
• father of Catherine de Medici
• made dances developed to show social and political power to his domain.

Question 2

name the first dance produced by Catherine de Medici, representing the beginning of cohesive ballet ?

Answer 2

Ballet comique de la reine (1581)

• very theatrical
• amateur performance because it was danced by nobles.
• spread to all European courts

Question 3

what is ballet de cour?

Answer 3

ballet from Italy. when it was brought to France by Catherine de Medici it became ballet de cour

Question 4

what is William the Jew known for ?

Answer 4

choreographer and dance master that codifies peasant dance and refined the steps to aristocratic level.

• started in Spain but he fled because Christians has negative beliefs about Jewish faith. (convert or die )
• wrote down dance steps in manual.

Question 5

what did Louis the 14th contribute to the development of dance?

Answer 5

• ballet is taught in French
• steps were codified and became what we know as ballet today.
• steps are alike to today’s (formal,structured,lavish)
• turned dance into weapon of state

Question 6

what is Louis 14th’s nickname and what did it signify ?

Answer 6

“sun king “ after Apollo the “sun god”. it signified all that was powerful and good.

Question 7

describe the baroque period (dates) ?

Answer 7

(1600-1750)

elaborate, infinite, vast.

-intense/sensationalism with deep emotion
-profound human hopes and fears
-

Question 8

what are major changes in dance during the baroque period ?

Answer 8

ballets were moved from ballrooms of rich people into theaters with “proscenium stages “ (ranked at angle so that to add special dramatization.)

Question 9

describe turnout (dance step)

Answer 9

adaptation of “fencers stance”

• way to increase flexibility
• provided more open viewing of steps and positions.

Question 10

who are two famous female dancers during the baroque period ?

Answer 10

• Marie Anne Camargo (had affairs ,brilliant foot technique,outgoing )
• Marie Salle (reserved, expressive, dramatic, first female choreographer )

Question 11

what is adagio ?

Answer 11

slow and controlled dance its elegant.

Question 12

what’s allegro?

Answer 12

fast , strong and upbeat dance

Question 13

describe ballet á entreé?

Answer 13

loosely organized dance scenes around general theme.

-no common theme.

Question 14

describe ballet de action ?

Answer 14

unified dance drama without use of dialogue or voice to tell story.

common theme.

Question 15

who is Jean-Baptiste Lully?

Answer 15

powerful court musician

Question 16

Who is Pierre beauchamp?

Answer 16

he was Louis dance teacher/master.

he devised the five positions of the feet and legs that are used in ballet today

Question 17

how did the establishment of the Royal Academy of dance, change dance?

Answer 17

Louis he established the state-funded the royal Academy of dance.
this was important because music and dance became available to the public.

it open doors to nobility in all classes of life everyone to dance and women could come for front into dance

Question 18

what are several preclassic dance forms?

Answer 18

The basic steps came from peasants.

the steps were then elevated and made more appropriate for aristocrats.

Question 19

Who is Jean George Noverre ? what are his important contributions to dance ?

Answer 19

Genius dancer choreographer critic and writer.

famous advocate for dramatic ballet and ballet de action.

influenced Marie salles dramatic performances

Question 20

who is Jean Dauberval?

Answer 20

He was noverres student.

applied ideas into comic themed ballet called “la fille mal garde”

Question 21

who is Charles Didelot?

Answer 21

student of Noverre and Dauberval.

invisible wires float dancers across the stage.

the flying dancers looked like real faires or sylphs.

soon dancers started stuffing their shoes to dance en pointe without wires.

Question 22

what are the characteristics of the rococo period ? (dates)

Answer 22

(1730-1775)dramatic art was replaced with Decorative and Whimsical art.

works show a sort of naughtiness or impurity in the behavior of their subject.

playful and flirty.

took pleasure in asymmetry a taste that was new to European style.

Question 23

discuss the romantic period dates?

Answer 23

(1830-1850)
romantic tutu was created more room to move

strong middle class.
Much materialism.

artists and poets found the unatinable more important than the tangible illustrated by hopeless love.

feeling and passion replaced classical intellectual form.

always after something further than real life.

Question 24

who are 5 female dancers during the romantic period ?

Answer 24

Marie Taglioni

Fanny Elssler

Fanny Cerrito

Carlotta grisi

Lucille grahn

Question 25

discuss the changes in costume during the romantic period ?

Answer 25

it was a big change in romantic period.

it gave dancers more room to move

low cut neck line /heart shaped
puffy sleeves and a bell shaped skirt that went to the mid calf.

Question 26

discuss Phillipe Taglioni ?

Answer 26

he choreographed la sylphide

his daughter is Marie Taglioni

Question 27

who is Jules Perrot?

Answer 27

came from family of circus performers.

he choreographed “Giselle” for his wife and dancer Carlotta grisi.

his ballet performances helped restore dignity to image of male dancers

Question 28

discuss the golden age of ballet in Russia ?

Answer 28

Russia imported French and Italian virtuoso dancers

male and female ballet dancers were moralt respected.

ballet was a respectable career for both a job security for women.

Question 29

describe the costume change in Russia ?

Answer 29

the classical tutu was invented.

all to cater to the emphasis in the dancers foot work.

very short

Question 30

who was Marius Petipa ? and what did he contribute to the development of dance ?

Answer 30

father of ballet as we know today.

he created: don Quixote, sleeping beauty, Swan lake

supreme ballet choreographer of 19th century.

his entire family danced and toured through the world.

choreographed 60 full length ballets

Question 31

what is petipas formula?

Answer 31

lasts all day.

3-4 acts.

last act had divertissements(Spanish,Italian, Russian,Chinese dancers ) it was created to feature other dancers in the company.

last act:

part 1 pas de deux and grand adagio.
part 2 solos /variations (male first then female)
part 3 Coda -stars appear together at the end and perform quick flashy movements then a sudden end

Question 32

who is Lev ivanou?

Answer 32

he was Marius petipas assistant.

he also choreographed nutcracker because Petipa was ill at the moment.

Question 33

what famous move is both on don Quixote and swan lake ?

Answer 33

is was the 32 countin fouetté turns.