exam IV Flashcards by Tiffany Gomez

Which enzyme does not function with a large negative delta G?
a. Hexokinase
b. Enolase
c. Phosphofructokinase
d. Pyruvate Kinase

b. Enolase

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The following figure is the structure of:
(hydroxyls on one side)
a. D-Arabinose
b. D-Lyxose
c. D-Ribose
d. D-Xylose

c. D-Ribose

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2 NADH molecules is equivalent to approximately ____ ATP
molecules
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 6

d. 6

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Valine can enter the citric acid cycle as converted to _____via enzymatic reaction
a. Fumarate
b. Malate
c. Oxaloacetate
d. Succinyl-CoA

d. Succinyl-CoA

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The functions oligosaccharides is to:
a. Influence the way a protein folds
b. Help define protein structure
c. Mediate recognition events
d. All of the above

d. All of the above

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Which disaccharide is made up of 2 glucose
monosaccharides?
a. Fructose
b. Lactose
c. Maltose
d. Sucrose

c. Maltose

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Pyruvate gets converted to _____ via alcoholic fermentation
a. Ethanol
b. Lactate
c. NADH
d. Isopropanol

a. Ethanol

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Which molecule must be regenerated for glycolysis to
continue occurring?
a. ADP
b. ATP
c. NAD+
d. FADH2

c. NAD+

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Lactate from muscle goes to which organ for
gluconeogenesis?

a. Brain
b. Heart
c. Liver
d. Muscle

c. Liver

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A glucose molecule, after pyruvate goes through the citric acid cycle and the conversion of GTP, FADH2, and NADH
molecules to ATP produces a total of how many ATP?
a. 30
b. 32
c. 36
d. 38

b. 32

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The net amount of ATP from glycolysis is:
a. 1
b. 2
c. 4
d. 8

b. 2

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Consider a reaction with Delta H= 1.5 kL and Delta S= 10
J*K-1. Is the reaction spontaneous at -173 C?
a. Spontaneous only at temperatures below -173 C
b. Spontaneous
c. Non-spontaneous
d. Not enough information

c. Non-spontaneous

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Which is not a coenzyme or prosthetic group of pyruvate
dehydrogenase:
a. Coenzyme A
b. FAD
c. Mg2+
d. NADH

c. Mg2+

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A red blood cell has an internal salt concentration of ~350mM. The cell s placed in a beaker of 100 mM salt. Assuming thee cell membrane is permeable to water but not
to ions, describe what will happen to the cell in terms of osmosis.

a. The salt ions will move from inside the cell to outside the
cell
b. The salt ions will move from outside the cell to inside the
cell
c. Water will move from inside the cell to outside the cell
d. Water will move from outside the cell to inside the cell

d. Water will move from outside the cell to inside the cell

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The first irreversible step of glycolysis is:
a. Phosphate addition to glucose
b. Addition of phosphate to form fructose 1,6 biphosphate
c. Removal of phosphate from phosphoenolpyruvate
d. The formation of pyruvate

b. Addition of phosphate to form fructose 1,6 biphosphate

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Calculate how much solid reagent you would need to make a
10 mL of a 50 mg/mL solution of Ampicillin
a. 0.5 g
b. 1.0g
c. 1.5 g
d. 2.0 g

a. 0.5 g

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General acid and general base catalysis can be defined as:
a. Proton extraction for general acid catalysis and proton
transfer from the base for general base catalysis
b. Proton extraction for general acid catalysis and covalent bond formation for general base catalysis
c. Proton transfer from the acid for general acid catalysis and proton extraction for general base catalysis
d. Covalent bond formation for general acid catalysis and
proton transfer from the base for general base catalysis

c. Proton transfer from the acid for general acid catalysis and proton extraction for general base catalysis

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ATP binding to myosin is immediately proceeded by:
a. Myosin power stroke
b. Actin power stroke
c. The actin head releasing myosin
d. The myosin head releasing actin

d. The myosin head releasing actin

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Which amino acid is most likely to be found in a middle of an alpha helix?
a. P
b. L
c. G
d. Y

a. P (Proline)

On the molecular level, what is the role of myoglobin n O2
transport in rapidly respiring muscle tissue?
a. Myoglobin decreases the solubility of O2 in the cell
b. Myoglobin directly induces hemoglobin conformational
change to deliver O2 in the cell
c. Myoglobin increases the solubility of O2 in the cell
d. Myoglobin conformational change is directly induced by
hemoglobin to deliver O2 in the cell

c. Myoglobin increases the solubility of O2 in the cell

Arginine enters the citric acid cycle through which
substrate?
a. Fumarate
b. Alpha- Ketoglutarate
c. Pyruvate
d. Succinate

b. Alpha- Ketoglutarate

Determine the net charge of the predominant form of thee
Lys at pH=5. Lys has a pK1 of 2.16, a pK2 of 9.06, and a pKa
of 10.54
a. +2
b. +1
c. 0
d. -1

b. +1

In a multistep reaction, does the transition state with the
highest free energy always correspond to the rate-determining
step?
a. Yes, thee transition state with the highest free energy will
always correspond to the rate determining step
b. No, the transition state with the highest free energy will not
always correspond to the rate determining step
c. Yes, the transition state with the highest free energy will
always correspond to the rate determining step, and the
reaction will always be spontaneous
d. Not enough information

b. No, the transition state with the highest free energy will not
always correspond to the rate determining step

A certain metabolic pathway can be diagrammed as:
X Y Z
A->B->C->D
Where A,B,C, and D are the intermediates and X,Y, and Z
are the enzymes that catalyze the reactions. The
physiological free energy changes for the reactions are:
X -0.5kJ * mol-1
Y -2.3 kJ mol-1
Z -13.2 kJmol-1
Which reaction is likely to be a major regulatory point for
the pathway?
a. The step catalyzed by X*
b. The step catalyzed by Y
c. The step catalyzed by Z
d. The combined free energy changes of the reactions determine the major regulatory point

c. The step catalyzed by Z

Which amino acid is more likely to be on a protein’s surface? a. W b. I c. V d. N

d. N (asparagine)

The starting compound for glucogenesis is: a. Lactate b. Malate c. Oxaloacetate d. Pyruvate

c. Oxaloacetate

Inhibitor X competitively binds to protein Y. How would inhibitor X affect the apparent Km and Vmax of a sample of protein Y? a. Apparent Km changes and Vmax stays the same b. Both apparent Km and Vmax change c. Both apparent Km and Vmax stay the same d. Apparent Km stays the same and apparent Vmax changes

a. Apparent Km changes and Vmax stays the same

How does calcium regulate muscle contraction? a. A conformational change in tropomyosin occurs causing a movement of troponin, which opens the myosin binding sites b. A conformational change in troponin occurs causing a movement of tropomyosin which opens the actin binding site c. A conformational change in tropomyosin occurs causing a movement of troponin, which opens the actin binding sites d. A conformational change in troponin occurs causing a movement of tropomyosin which opens the myosin binding sites

b. A conformational change in troponin occurs causing a movement of tropomyosin which opens the actin binding site

In what order would Asp, Arg, and Phe be eluted from a diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) column at pH 8? a. Arg, Asp, Phe b. Arg,Phe, Asp c. Asp, Phe, Arg d. Asp, Arg, Phe

b. Arg,Phe, Asp

Why is 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate {1,3-BPG} considered a high-energy intermediate? a. Because subsequent breakdown of this molecule releases enough free energy to drive the reaction that formed this intermediate. b. Because the formation of this intermediate is always accompanied by ATP formation c. because the formation of this intermediate is always a companion by NADH formation d. because the formation of this intermediate release a large amount of free energy

a. Because subsequent breakdown of this molecule releases enough free energy to drive the reaction that formed this intermediate.

A certain metabolic pathway can be diagrammed as: X Y Z A->B->C->D Where A,B,C, and D are the intermediates and X,Y, and Z are the enzymes that catalyze the reactions. The physiological free energy changes for the reactions are: X -0.5kJ * mol-1 Y -2.3 kJ *mol-1 Z -13.2 kJ*mol-1 How would the concentration of B and C be affected if an inhibitor that inhibits enzyme Z was added to the reaction? a. B and C would stay the same b. B would stay the same and C would accumulate c. B and C would accumulate d. B would accumulate and C would stay the same*

b. B would stay the same and C would accumulate

Which accompanies that formation of fumarate: a. ATP b. GTP c. NADH d. FADH2

d. FADH2

Which enzyme is the major flux-controlling enzyme in glycolysis? hint: think abbreviated

Phosphofructokinase (PFK)

Which compound(s) would not serve as an inhibitor in the Critic Acid (TCA) cycle?

Pyruvate ADP Ca2+ (high Mg2+)main one K+

For the reaction: NADH + FAD + H+ --> NAD+ + FADH2 Which reactant serves as the electron acceptor?

FAD

The reaction catalyzed by which enzyme in the TCA cycle forms one GTP molecule? a.Malate dehydrogenase b. Succinyl CoA synthetase c. Succinate dehydrogenase d. Aconitase

b. Succinyl-CoA synthetase in a level of phosphorylation of GDP

In what order would Arg,Asp,Cys, and Ser be eluted from a diethylaminoethyl column at pH 8.5? * a. Asp, Cys, Ser, Arg b. Arg, Ser, Cys, Asp c. Asp, Ser, Cys, Arg d. Arg, Cys, Ser, Asp

b. Arg, Ser, Cys, Asp ASCA

In eukaryotes, where do glycolysis and the TCA cycle take place?

mitochondria specifically mitochondrial matrix

Where does gluconeogenesis occur?

Liver

How many carbons are in a ring of glucose?

What is the sugar used in DNA or RNA?

deoxyribose for DNA ribose for RNA

Protein N linked glycosylation occurs through which amino acid? A. Asn B. Ser C. Thr D. Tyr

A. Asn

Which is a ketose?

a monosaccharide whose carbon skeleton has a ketone group

How many pairs of electrons are moved to the etc for everyone one molecule of acetyl COA oxidized?

What makes up lactose? A. Fructose and glucose B. Galactose and glucose C. Glucose and glucose D. Maltose and glucose

B. Galactose and glucose