Exam III-Short Answer Multiple Type Questions Flashcards
1
Q
What is the hybridization state of the carbon attached to the alcoholic OH group?
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2
Q
What is the hybridization state of the oxygen in the alcoholic OH group?
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3
Q
2-pentanol is a … alcohol.
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4
Q
- The IUPAC name of allyl alcohol is……………
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5
Q
- The IUPAC name of n-amyl alcohol is…………….
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6
Q
- Alcohols form ………………. ion in the presence of a strong acid.
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7
Q
- The order of reactivity of alcohols with alkali metals is………………….
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8
Q
- The oxidation state of carbon in methanol………………………………
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9
Q
- K2Cr2O7/H2SO4 is used for ………………………. reaction.
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10
Q
- Primary alcohols oxidize to form …………., which then oxidize to form …………………….
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11
Q
- Secondary alcohols oxidize to form …………………….
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12
Q
- Pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC) is used for …………………of alcohols to the corresponding……….
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13
Q
- A protonated alcohol is called ………………………
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14
Q
- Na2Cr2O7/acetic acid is used for ………………………. reaction.
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15
Q
- Ethyl alcohol on chromic acid oxidation produces………………………
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16
Q
- In the “alcohol breath analyzer test,” the chemical used is……………
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17
Q
- Ethanol is oxidized in the liver to produce…………………
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18
Q
- Predict the product: Ethanol is heated at a high temperature with conc. sulfuric acid.
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19
Q
- Ethyl chloride is boiled with aqueous NaOH. Write the structure of the product.
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20
Q
- The common name of picric acid is…………………….
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21
Q
- The active irritants in poison ivy and poison oak are………………….
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22
Q
- The phenolic compound which is used as an acid-base indicator is…………………………….
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23
Q
- The toxicity of phenols to micro-organisms makes them excellent ………….
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24
Q
- The compound 4-hexylresorcinol is used as an……………………….
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25
Q
- Alcohols and phenols are weak……………………acids.
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26
Q
- Methanol is more acidic than ethanol—why?
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27
Q
- Electron-withdrawing groups (EWGs) make an alcohol a stronger …………… by stabilizing the ……………………. base.
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28
Q
- Alcohols are weak acids and require a strong base to form the corresponding …………….
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29
Q
- An electron-withdrawing substituent makes a phenol more …… by ………………. the negative charge.
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30
Q
- Reduction of ……………………. gives primary alcohols, whereas reduction of ketones gives ………………… alcohols.
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31
Q
Lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4) is a more powerful reducing agent than ……………………. but less specific, and very
reactive with ……………
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32
Q
- Which reducing agent would you prefer to reduce carboxylic acids to primary alcohol?
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33
Q
Treatment of secondary and tertiary alcohols with phosphorus oxychloride in pyridine at low temperature
follows………………. route.
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34
Q
- If 1° and 2° alcohols are treated with SOCl2 or PBr3 the reaction follows ……………….mechanism.
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35
Q
- Write two separate notes on (i) Woodward cis-hydroxylation and (ii) Prevost trans hydroxylation.
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36
Q
- Write a note on DMP. Why is this reagent unique?
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37
Q
- What is ‘Jones oxidation’?
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38
Q
- Alkyl tosylates react like alkyl ………….
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39
Q
- The SN2 reaction of an alcohol via an alkyl ……………… proceeds with ………. inversion.
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40
Q
- Grignard reagents react with …………… compounds to yield………………
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41
Q
- An ether solvent is essential for the formation of a …………….
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42
Q
- The non-bonded electrons from an ether help to …………..a Grignard reagent.
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43
Q
The first part of the Grignard reaction is the formation of the Grignard reagent. This mechanism involves
a…………………reaction.
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44
Q
- Grignard reagents act as……………….. in adding to a carbonyl group.
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45
Q
- Write the structure of 2-Propanethiol.
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46
Q
- Thiols are organic compounds that contain the ……….. group, also called……………….
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47
Q
- Tetrahydrofuran (THF) is a solvent that is a ……………… ether.
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48
Q
- The IUPAC nomenclature of diethyl ether is…………………………
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49
Q
- The other name of epoxy-alkane is ………………………….
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50
Q
- An anticancer drug with oxirane moiety is ………………….
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51
Q
- Ethers oxidize in air to form explosive ……………………. and ……………………….
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52
Q
- “Crown” ethers are useful as …………………. in nucleophilic substitution and other reactions
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53
Q
- The Williamson Ether Synthesis follows ……………………….route.
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54
Q
- Give examples of five symmetrical and five unsymmetrical ethers.
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55
Q
- What is the structure of peroxyacetic acid?
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56
Q
- The anti-hypertensive -Blocker drug (Propranolol) can be synthesized by exploring……………ring-opening methodology.
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57
Q
- A naturally occurring polyether that interferes with Na+ ion transport across cell membranes is ………………………….
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58
Q
- The ………………. ring opening methodology is used to synthesize the bronchodilators salmeterol and albuterol.
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59
Q
- What do you mean by host-guest complex? Indicate the ‘host’ and the ‘guest’.
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60
Q
- What is molecular recognition?
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61
Q
- The ability of crown ethers to complex cations can be exploited in …………….
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62
Q
- Oxirane is a synonym of (i) oxygen (ii) metal oxide (iii) anhydrous alcohol (iv) epoxide (v) octane.
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63
Q
- Intramolecular Williamson’s ether synthesis is an example of………………….reaction. ( e.g. SN1, SN2, E1, E2 etc.).
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64
Q
- Nitrogen atom with a lone pair of electrons, making amines both ……………. and…………………….
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65
Q
- Know how to identify primary, secondary, and tertiary amines.
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66
Q
- Write the structure of ortho-toluidine.
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67
Q
- Know the common names of heterocyclic amines as provided in the PPT.
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68
Q
- Amines with fewer than ……………………………. carbons are water-soluble.
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69
Q
- Primary and secondary amines form …………………… bonds, increasing their boiling points
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70
Q
- The nitrogen of an amine can behave as an……………………
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71
Q
- Amines are stronger ……………………… than alcohols, ethers, or water.
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72
Q
- A phthalimide alkylation for preparing a primary amine from an alkyl halide is known as ………………………. synthesis.
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73
Q
Carboxylic acid derivatives can be converted into primary amines with loss of one carbon atom by both the
……………………. rearrangement and the ………………………… rearrangement.
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74
Q
- Alkyl azides are not nucleophilic, but they are ………………………
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75
Q
- Why are arylamides instead of arylamines used for Friedel-Crafts Reactions of arylamines?
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76
Q
Azo-coupled products have extended conjugation that leads to low energy ……………. transitions that occur in visible
light (dyes).
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77
Q
- In amines, the nitrogen is ………………. hybridized.
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78
Q
In amides, the C=O group is strongly electron-withdrawing, making the nitrogen very (a) weak base (b) strong base (c) weak
acid (d) strong acid (e) electron-rich
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79
Q
Example of electron donating and electron withdarwing groups are: (a) ⎯CH3, ⎯NH2 (b) ⎯OCH3 and ⎯CH3 (c) ⎯Cl,
⎯NO2 (d) ⎯CN, ⎯CH3 (e) ⎯CH3, ⎯CN
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80
Q
- The product of Hofmann elimination is (a) alkane (b)alkyl halide (c) acyl azide (d) alkene (e) isocyanate
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81
Q
Primary arylamines react with nitrous acid (HNO2), yielding stable …………….. salts. This reaction is known as
…………………………reaction.
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82
Q
- Base-promoted hydrolysis of an ester is called……………………………
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83
Q
- Treatment of a carboxylic acid with an alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst is known as………….
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84
Q
- Nucleophilic acyl substitution is the characteristic reaction of …………………… derivatives.
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85
Q
- Tetrahedral intermediate is formed in…………………….
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86
Q
- The carbon atom on the C(triple bond)N group is …. hybridized, making it linear with a bond angle of ……
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87
Q
- Nucleophilic …….. substitution is the characteristic reaction of ………… derivatives.
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88
Q
- Why are two equivalents of ammonia required to prepare a primary amide from a carboxylic acid chloride?
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89
Q
Nucleophiles that are also strong …….. react with carboxylic acids by removing a ……. first, before any nucleophilic
substitution reaction can occur.
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90
Q
- Treatment of a carboxylic acid with ………………….. affords an acid chloride.
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91
Q
- ……………. of a carboxylic acid occurs in the presence of acid but not in the presence of a base.
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92
Q
- Intramolecular esterification is known as ……………whereas intramolecular amidation is known as ………..
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93
Q
- Dicyclohexylcarbodimide (DCC) is a …………….. .agent.
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94
Q
- …………….. are the ………….most reactive of the carboxylic acid derivatives.
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95
Q
- Nitriles are prepared by ……………. reactions of unhindered methyl and 1° alkyl halides with ¯CN.
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96
Q
- The tautomeric form of amide is known as ………acid.
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