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Basic Athlete Training > Exam III > Flashcards

Exam III Flashcards

1
Q

What are the bony structures of the shoulder?

A
  1. Sternum
  2. clavicle
  3. scapula
  4. humerus
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2
Q

Sternoclavicular jt. (SC jt)

A
  1. sternoclavicular lig.
  2. costalclavicular lig.
  3. interclavicular lig.
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3
Q

Acromioclavicular jt (AC jt)

A
  1. acrmioclavicular jt
  2. coracoclavicular jt
    a. trapeoid
    b. conoid
  3. coracoacromial jt
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4
Q

4 fundamental mov’ts of the shoudler girdle

A
  1. Abduction
  2. Adduction
  3. Elevation
  4. Depression
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5
Q

Common mechanisms of injuries to the Sternoclavicular jt

A
  1. most common athlete falls on shoulder, and opponent lands on top (distributes force along the clavicle)
  2. Direct trauma to the joint
  3. Throwing (not often)
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6
Q

Common injuries to SC jt

A
  1. Sprain most common

2. Dislocation (usually ant.)

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7
Q

Fx to shaft of clavicle

A
  1. most common when falling on outstretched hand
  2. less common- direct blow
  3. most fx’s occur in the middle 1/3
    • diagnosis is obvious w. visible and palpable deformity (except greenstick fx)
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8
Q

Common mechanisms of injury to the AC jt.

A
  1. Direct trauma- fall on pt. of shoulder forcing acromion and corcoid process downward
  2. indirect trauma- fall on outstretched hand
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9
Q

S/Sx of 1st degree sprain to AC jt

A
  • mild (AC lig only)
  • pain/tender localized
  • no deformity
  • clavicle stable
  • no elevation of clavicle
  • min limits on ROM
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10
Q

S/Sx of 2nd degree sprain to AC jt.

A
  • moderate (AC and partial CC lig)
  • tender/swell over AC
  • shoulder ROM considerably limited
  • slight elevation of clavicle
  • Piano key shoulder
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11
Q

Piano Key Shoulder

A
  • push down clavicle and it comes back up (+) spring test
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12
Q

S/Sx of 3rd degree sprain to AC jt

A
  • severe/complete tearing of AC and CC lig
  • often damage to delt/trap muscles
  • usually come off field holding arm
  • sev. swell/tender over AC
  • obvious elevation of clavicle relative to acromion
  • check stability: pull down on wrists to see if clavicle moves up
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13
Q

TX for sprain to AC jt

A

-ice/immobilization
Rehab:
-exercises of entire shoulder girdle complex
-should be cont until pre injury power/strength/ endurance/ROM are ontained

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14
Q

Gleno-humeral jt (GH jt)

A

almost totally depends on soft tissue for its stability.

-Rotator cuff determines the stability of the jt

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15
Q

Common injuries to the GH jt

A
  1. Strains: RC or surrounding muscles
  2. Subluxation: more common
  3. dislocation: NEVER try to reduce a 1st time dislocation b/c there may be a fx
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16
Q

Types of dislocations to GH jt.

A

1 Anterior

  1. Posterior
  2. Inferior
17
Q

Anterior GH dislocation

A
  • most common
  • mechanism: abd/ext rotate
  • head of humerus comes under coracoid proc.
18
Q

Post GH dislocation

A
  • Very rare
  • mechanism: int rotate/add
  • secure in int. rotate and refer
19
Q

Inferior GH dislocation

A
  • head of humerus fall below gelnoid f.

- mechanism: extreme abd/ head moves down

20
Q

Knight Technique

A
  • athletet in abd
  • traction on distal humerus
  • ask athlete to add and med rotate the shoulder
21
Q

Bronstein technique

A
  • athlete in add
  • traction on distal humerus
  • ask athlete to walk finger up midline of the body
22
Q

Rotator Cuff (RC) 4 muscles

A
  1. Supraspinatus
  2. Infraspinatus
  3. Subscapularis
  4. Teres Minor
23
Q

Fcns of the RC

A
  • deceleration
  • eccentric contraction
  • stabilize head of humerus
24
Q

3 General causes of injury to RC

A
  1. Overstretch
  2. Violent Contraction
  3. Overuse
25
Q

2 Actions of injury to RC

A
  1. propel an object

2. overcoming resistance (swimming)

26
Q

Common injuries to the RC

A
  1. Strains
  2. Impingement
  3. Tendonitis
27
Q

Impingement in RC

A

w/ abduction the supraspinatus contracts; therefore the subacromion burse gets pinched

  • LH bicep gets jammed
  • painful arc in mid degrees

Basic Athlete Training (2 decks)

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