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History of Western Art from 1300 > Exam III > Flashcards

Exam III Flashcards

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1
Q

Documentary photo; after effect of battle; dead confederate soldier staged; Realism

A

Timothy O’Sullivan, The Home of the Rebel Sharpshooter: Battle filed at Gettysburg, 1863, albumen print

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2
Q

of working poor; not an important event; could be seen every day; dingy color palette; revolt a year earlier by poor; Realism

A

Gustave Courbet, The Stone Breakers, 1849

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3
Q

Pavilion of Realism

A

temporary structure that Gustave erected next door to the official Salon-like Exposition Universelle.

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4
Q

first modernism nude; pokes fun at Venus of Urbino; Olypia = low-class prostitute; regects male gaze; Realism

A

Edouard Manet, Olympia, 1863

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5
Q

Professors name Gross; brutally real; “real” operation; could be seen everyday; Realism

A

Thomas Eakins, The Gross Clinic, 1875

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6
Q

Trusses, ballon frame

A

heavy timbers repalced with thin studs held together by nails

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7
Q

Impressionism

A

The experience of modernity

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8
Q

complimentary colors; daubing; focusing on color and feeling not subject; Impressionism

A

Claude Monet, Impression: Sunrise, 1872

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9
Q

popular gather place; open dance hall; blurred details to signify movement; viewer floating and looking down on scene; subjects off axis; disjointed scene; Impressionism

A

Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Le Moulin de la Galette, 1876

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10
Q

photo-realistic (because it is based from a photo), obilque angles, awkwardly cropped; subjects off axis and looking off into the distance (at we don’t know what) and ignoring other people; Impressionism

A

Qustave Caillebotte, Paris: A Rainy Day, 1877

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11
Q

not objective of scene but how it made him feel; scene reflects death and suicide; cypress trees (grave yards) and stars (final destination for souls); Post-Impressionism

A

Vincent van Gogh, Starry Night, 1899

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12
Q

uses pointilism; scientific method to art; colors created by certain mix on dots of different colors; figures fixed in palce in a classical style; Post-Impressionism

A

George Seurat, Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte, 1884-86

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13
Q

pointillism/Divisionism

A

use of tiny dots of color; blend in eye

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14
Q

fireworks; used names related to music; not realistic landscape, evocation of magical mood; Symbolism

A

James Abbott McNeil Whistler, Nocturne in Black and Gold (The Falling Rocket), 1875

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15
Q

Symbolism

A

paintings of ideas, flight from modern life; escape into dream world

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16
Q

Femme fatale

A

sexual and dangerous woman

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17
Q

couples sleeping at night; shoruded figure straddles man; succubus; Frued: 2 human drives- eros (sexual) and thamatos (death); Symbolism

A

Ferdinard Hodler, Night, 1890

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18
Q

curved lines to show sound; Anxiety and angst expressed symbolically; sybolism

A

Edvard Munch, The Scream, 1893

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19
Q

assitant of Burghers- mistress/student; breakdown; spend last 30 years in mental hospital; dancing reminicent of sex; Symbolism

A

Camile Claudel, The Waltz, 1892-1905

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20
Q

avart-garde

A

before guard

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21
Q

Fauvism

A

beast like use of brushsrokes and colors; nonrepersenational

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22
Q

Fauvism; spirit of jouissance; break down Renaisance pictorial window; use medim for inherent qualities, not approximate photo

A

Henri Matisse, Le Bonheur do Vivre (The Joy of Life), 1905-06

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23
Q

Expressionism; prostitutes (distigusished by feathers and fur trimmed coats); titled perspcetive; guy on right pretending to not recognize smug prostitutes

A

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Street, Berlin, 1913

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24
Q

Primitivism; hard brushwork; Proto-Cubism; Analtic Cubism; prostitutes; spatio-temporal collapse- multiple angles occuring simultaneously

A

Pablo Picasso, Les Demoiselles d’Avignon, 1907

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25
Q

Primitivism; cubism

A

Braque, Violin and Palette, 1909-10

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26
Q

Futurism; man running; focusing on movement; no arms!!

A

Umberto Boccioni, Unique Forms of Continuity in Space, 1913

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27
Q

Dada

A

“hobby horse”; mocked authority; dada is the way they make poetry, which is completelty nonsenseical

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28
Q

-anti-art art; reject traditional art forms; purposely childish; rejects old masters; “eelle a chaud au cul” = “she’s got a hot ass”; Dada

A

Marchel Duchamp, L. H. O. O. Q., 1919

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29
Q

idea is what matters; literally a urinal; readymade, found object; Dada

A

Marcel Duchamp, Fountian, 1917

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30
Q

readymade, found object

A

mass produced; stripped of function but reintroduced as art

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31
Q

political and feminist concerns; using dada to attack; photomontage; Dada

A

Hanna Höch, Cut with a Kitchen Knife Dada, 1919

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32
Q

International style

A

modern architecture

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33
Q

reduses elements to geometric; no floursihes, oly functional; everything is essential; purism

A

Le Corbusier, Villa Savoye, 1929-1930

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34
Q

Purism

A

stripping down basics; geometric essentials

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35
Q

Domino construction system

A

6 suporting steel beam; no wall needed

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36
Q

cutain walls

A

funcionalist

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37
Q

masonry; brick; overlapping goemetric shapes; long roof; inspired by japanese style; uninterested in machine aesthetic; Purism

A

Frank Lloyd Wright, Frederick C. Robie House, 1906-1909

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38
Q

Prairie Style

A

low horizontal house

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39
Q

Neo-Plasticism

A

rejected decorative expressess of pre war and emotionally laden complexity of contemporary Expressionism

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40
Q

Primary colors, horizontal and verticals; so Dutch; suggestive of harmony of universe; Neo-Plasticism; non-objective art; De Stijl

A

Piet Mondrian, Compostion with Red, Blue, and Yellow, 1930

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41
Q

Non-objective art

A

nothing from reality

42
Q

domino contruction; no walls; have portable sliding walls; machine aeshetic; form follows function; Neo-Plasticism

A

Walter Gropius, Bauhaus, 1925-1926

43
Q

Surrealism

A

true and human; subconsicious mind; replaced Dada

44
Q

Psychic automatism

A

revealing psyche

45
Q

most common type of surrealism; used psychic automatism; Biomorphic Surrealsim

A

Joan Miró, Composition, 1933

46
Q

Biomorphic surrealsim

A

uses biomorphic shapes

47
Q

paranoiac-critcal method; Naturalist Surrealism; themes: sexuality, violence, putrefication; not supposed to know what is happening; HOLES ARE SEXY

A

Salvador Dali, Birth of Liquid Desires, 1931-1932

48
Q

paranoiac-critical method

A

make inner world concrete

49
Q

cup stripped of original function; oral sex between women; Surrealism

A

Meret Oppenheim, Object (Luncheon in Fur), 1936

50
Q

based off of Spanish Civil War; how we view the world; black, white, gray; 1st to express horrors of WWII; remind you of news footage; Surrealism

A

Pablo Picasso, Guernica, 1937

51
Q

Existentialism

A

philosophy should question man’s condition of existence

52
Q

Formalism

A

Modernism; emhasis on visual elements instead of subject matter; form over context

53
Q

archetype of woman; always recognizable; gorgon like face and posture; repainted 200 times; psychic automatism; Formalism

A

Willem de Kooning, Woman I, 1950-52

54
Q

darker to lighter; just flung paint on the canvas; gestural abstraction; action painting; Formalism

A

Jackson Pollock, Autumn Rhythm (Number 30), 1950

55
Q

action painting

A

painting caused by making gestures (dancing, etc)

56
Q

shapes as “ideas” (supernatural/sublime); color is conveying a meaning; Chromatic abstraction; Color Field Painting; Formalism

A

Mark Rothko, Lavender and Mulberry, 1959

57
Q

Chromatic abstraction

A

color!

58
Q

Color field painting

A

fields of color

59
Q

uses masking tape; “herois sublime man”; based on Native American woven blankets; Formalist; Post-Painterly Abstraction, hard-edge abstraction

A

Barnett Newman, Vir Heroicus Sublimis, 1950-51

60
Q

Neo-Dada

A

new Dada

61
Q

bull’s eye; doors open to reveal casts of body parts; reintroduced; behind the surface/process is human involvement/subject; Neo Dada

A

Jasper Johns, Target with Plaster Casts, 1955

62
Q

taken from mass produced advertisements; consumer culture, social satire; New Adam and Eve; opposite of Formalism; Neo-Dada; collage

A

Ricahrd Hamilton, Just What Is It That Makes Today’s Homes So Different, So Appealing, 1955

63
Q

meaasge is what matter; ambivilance in women’ women want independence; Benday dots; Pop Art

A

Roy Lichtenstein, Oh Jeff…I Love You, too…But, 1964

64
Q

Benday Dots

A

commercial technique; saves money on color printing

65
Q

commercialized; desensitized through repetition; gold background implies she’s a saint; stencil; silkscreening; Pop Art

A

Andy Warhol, Marilyn Monroe Diptych, 1962

66
Q

Silkscreening

A

stencil over screen

67
Q

movement to Second America Revolution; Vietnam; Birth control invented; gender and racial equality; “make love, not war”; POP ART

A

Cales Oldenburg, Lipstick (ascending) On Caterpillar Tracks, reworked, 1974

68
Q

dematerialization

A

taking away material value

69
Q

minimalism

A

rejected handcrafted objects; industrial material

70
Q

comprehend art object without focal point; shapes without hierarchy; 12 identical units (iron); avoid allusion to subject; objects are aggressively themselves; minimalism

A

Don Judd, Unititled, 1967

71
Q

objecthood

A

no more intersting than objects

72
Q

Happenings

A

what was happening at the time

73
Q

Performance Art

A

act of making art the significant part

74
Q

destroyed works after; making it the art; performance art

A

Shozo Shimamoto, Hurling Colors, 1956

75
Q

New Realism

A

art now takes form from real world

76
Q

Conceptual Art

A

“idea” seperable from “form”; literal “dematerialization” of art

77
Q

Conceptual Art; surrounded by his drawings; walking around exhibition with dead rabbit; rational and spiritual; meaning cannot be explained fully in syntax

A

Joseph Beuys, How to Explain Pictures to a Dead Hare, 1965

78
Q

Semiotics

A

signifier-sound or visula image

signified- mental concept or idea

79
Q

Feminism; ladies role as homemaker; places set for famous women; “last Supper”; conceptual art

A

Judy Chicago, The Dinner Party, 1974-1979

80
Q

Semiotices; study of signs; conceptual art

A

Kosuth, One and Three Chairs, 1965

81
Q

commentary of stereotype of black women; conceptual art

A

Betye Saar, The Liberation of Aunt Jemina, 1972

82
Q

appropriation

A

material from one source reintroduced in another context

83
Q

Post modernism

A

questions patriarchy; stadegy of making art not style; rejects seriousness

84
Q

mimic international style; unclustered skin; pastiche (looks like combination of phone booth and dresser); pluralism; Post Modernism

A

Phillip Johnson, AT&T Headquarters, New York, 1984

85
Q

pastiche

A

hodge-podge; combining two things

86
Q

pluralism

A

social and cultural diversity

87
Q

second wave feminism; questions gender construction and male gaze; artfull in concept not medium; words make eyes travel down; Post Modernism

A

Barbara Kruger, Untitled (Your Gaze Hits the Side of my Face), 1981

88
Q

different hairstyles; hair as indicator of race, gender, cless; defying system of stereotypes; Post Modernism; Pluralism

A

Lorna Simpson, Stereo Styles, 1988

89
Q

Photo of crucifix suspened in blood and pee; people overlook Christ’s physicality;Post Modernism

A

Andres Serrano, Piss Christ, 1989

90
Q

dead animals; mother and child divided from each other and cut in half; supsended; forced to confront actuallity of death; Post Modernism

A

Damein Hirst, Mother and Child Divided, 1993

91
Q

Globalism

A

unification of world’s economic order “Americanization”

92
Q

Postcoloniaism

A

discourse of the reactions to and effects of the cultural legacy of Western colonization

93
Q

Iranian Artist; “woman of Allah”; Farsi witten on face with weapon; criticizes Westernizatio; TERRORISM; Western feel threatened; Postcolonialism

A

Shirin Neshat, Rebellious Silence, 1994

94
Q

The Other

A

Middle East opposite of U.S

95
Q

CAD; assymetrical design, orgainic sculpture; color of skin changes; form changes as you walk around; Postcolonialism; Deconstructiontivist Architecture

A

Frank O. Gehry, Guggenheim Museum, 1993-1997

96
Q

Deconstructivist Architecture

A

theory-based, deliberately disturb traditional architecture

97
Q

video specific to style playing in each monitor specific for each state; Postcolonialism; Video Art

A

Nam June Paik, Electronic Superhighway:Continental U.S, 1995

98
Q

“body dismorfia”; caught looking; control taken from user; 10 in bikinis and heels; 5 heels; Postcolonialism

A

Vanessa Beecroft, VB35, 1998

99
Q

Play on Lego Land; cultural colonization; bandit with weapon in field of drugs: Postcolonialism

A

Nadin Ospina, Columbia Land, 2004

100
Q

postcolonial identity complicated;

A

Yinka Shonibare, MBE, How to Blow up two heads at once (Ladies), 2006

History of Western Art from 1300 (2 decks)

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