Exam III Flashcards
Documentary photo; after effect of battle; dead confederate soldier staged; Realism
Timothy O’Sullivan, The Home of the Rebel Sharpshooter: Battle filed at Gettysburg, 1863, albumen print
of working poor; not an important event; could be seen every day; dingy color palette; revolt a year earlier by poor; Realism
Gustave Courbet, The Stone Breakers, 1849
Pavilion of Realism
temporary structure that Gustave erected next door to the official Salon-like Exposition Universelle.
first modernism nude; pokes fun at Venus of Urbino; Olypia = low-class prostitute; regects male gaze; Realism
Edouard Manet, Olympia, 1863
Professors name Gross; brutally real; “real” operation; could be seen everyday; Realism
Thomas Eakins, The Gross Clinic, 1875
Trusses, ballon frame
heavy timbers repalced with thin studs held together by nails
Impressionism
The experience of modernity
complimentary colors; daubing; focusing on color and feeling not subject; Impressionism
Claude Monet, Impression: Sunrise, 1872
popular gather place; open dance hall; blurred details to signify movement; viewer floating and looking down on scene; subjects off axis; disjointed scene; Impressionism
Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Le Moulin de la Galette, 1876
photo-realistic (because it is based from a photo), obilque angles, awkwardly cropped; subjects off axis and looking off into the distance (at we don’t know what) and ignoring other people; Impressionism
Qustave Caillebotte, Paris: A Rainy Day, 1877
not objective of scene but how it made him feel; scene reflects death and suicide; cypress trees (grave yards) and stars (final destination for souls); Post-Impressionism
Vincent van Gogh, Starry Night, 1899
uses pointilism; scientific method to art; colors created by certain mix on dots of different colors; figures fixed in palce in a classical style; Post-Impressionism
George Seurat, Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte, 1884-86
pointillism/Divisionism
use of tiny dots of color; blend in eye
fireworks; used names related to music; not realistic landscape, evocation of magical mood; Symbolism
James Abbott McNeil Whistler, Nocturne in Black and Gold (The Falling Rocket), 1875
Symbolism
paintings of ideas, flight from modern life; escape into dream world
Femme fatale
sexual and dangerous woman
couples sleeping at night; shoruded figure straddles man; succubus; Frued: 2 human drives- eros (sexual) and thamatos (death); Symbolism
Ferdinard Hodler, Night, 1890
curved lines to show sound; Anxiety and angst expressed symbolically; sybolism
Edvard Munch, The Scream, 1893
assitant of Burghers- mistress/student; breakdown; spend last 30 years in mental hospital; dancing reminicent of sex; Symbolism
Camile Claudel, The Waltz, 1892-1905
avart-garde
before guard
Fauvism
beast like use of brushsrokes and colors; nonrepersenational
Fauvism; spirit of jouissance; break down Renaisance pictorial window; use medim for inherent qualities, not approximate photo
Henri Matisse, Le Bonheur do Vivre (The Joy of Life), 1905-06
Expressionism; prostitutes (distigusished by feathers and fur trimmed coats); titled perspcetive; guy on right pretending to not recognize smug prostitutes
Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Street, Berlin, 1913
Primitivism; hard brushwork; Proto-Cubism; Analtic Cubism; prostitutes; spatio-temporal collapse- multiple angles occuring simultaneously
Pablo Picasso, Les Demoiselles d’Avignon, 1907
Primitivism; cubism
Braque, Violin and Palette, 1909-10
Futurism; man running; focusing on movement; no arms!!
Umberto Boccioni, Unique Forms of Continuity in Space, 1913
Dada
“hobby horse”; mocked authority; dada is the way they make poetry, which is completelty nonsenseical
-anti-art art; reject traditional art forms; purposely childish; rejects old masters; “eelle a chaud au cul” = “she’s got a hot ass”; Dada
Marchel Duchamp, L. H. O. O. Q., 1919
idea is what matters; literally a urinal; readymade, found object; Dada
Marcel Duchamp, Fountian, 1917
readymade, found object
mass produced; stripped of function but reintroduced as art
political and feminist concerns; using dada to attack; photomontage; Dada
Hanna Höch, Cut with a Kitchen Knife Dada, 1919
International style
modern architecture
reduses elements to geometric; no floursihes, oly functional; everything is essential; purism
Le Corbusier, Villa Savoye, 1929-1930
Purism
stripping down basics; geometric essentials
Domino construction system
6 suporting steel beam; no wall needed
cutain walls
funcionalist
masonry; brick; overlapping goemetric shapes; long roof; inspired by japanese style; uninterested in machine aesthetic; Purism
Frank Lloyd Wright, Frederick C. Robie House, 1906-1909
Prairie Style
low horizontal house
Neo-Plasticism
rejected decorative expressess of pre war and emotionally laden complexity of contemporary Expressionism
Primary colors, horizontal and verticals; so Dutch; suggestive of harmony of universe; Neo-Plasticism; non-objective art; De Stijl
Piet Mondrian, Compostion with Red, Blue, and Yellow, 1930
Non-objective art
nothing from reality
domino contruction; no walls; have portable sliding walls; machine aeshetic; form follows function; Neo-Plasticism
Walter Gropius, Bauhaus, 1925-1926
Surrealism
true and human; subconsicious mind; replaced Dada
Psychic automatism
revealing psyche
most common type of surrealism; used psychic automatism; Biomorphic Surrealsim
Joan Miró, Composition, 1933
Biomorphic surrealsim
uses biomorphic shapes
paranoiac-critcal method; Naturalist Surrealism; themes: sexuality, violence, putrefication; not supposed to know what is happening; HOLES ARE SEXY
Salvador Dali, Birth of Liquid Desires, 1931-1932
paranoiac-critical method
make inner world concrete
cup stripped of original function; oral sex between women; Surrealism
Meret Oppenheim, Object (Luncheon in Fur), 1936
based off of Spanish Civil War; how we view the world; black, white, gray; 1st to express horrors of WWII; remind you of news footage; Surrealism
Pablo Picasso, Guernica, 1937
Existentialism
philosophy should question man’s condition of existence
Formalism
Modernism; emhasis on visual elements instead of subject matter; form over context
archetype of woman; always recognizable; gorgon like face and posture; repainted 200 times; psychic automatism; Formalism
Willem de Kooning, Woman I, 1950-52
darker to lighter; just flung paint on the canvas; gestural abstraction; action painting; Formalism
Jackson Pollock, Autumn Rhythm (Number 30), 1950
action painting
painting caused by making gestures (dancing, etc)
shapes as “ideas” (supernatural/sublime); color is conveying a meaning; Chromatic abstraction; Color Field Painting; Formalism
Mark Rothko, Lavender and Mulberry, 1959
Chromatic abstraction
color!
Color field painting
fields of color
uses masking tape; “herois sublime man”; based on Native American woven blankets; Formalist; Post-Painterly Abstraction, hard-edge abstraction
Barnett Newman, Vir Heroicus Sublimis, 1950-51
Neo-Dada
new Dada
bull’s eye; doors open to reveal casts of body parts; reintroduced; behind the surface/process is human involvement/subject; Neo Dada
Jasper Johns, Target with Plaster Casts, 1955
taken from mass produced advertisements; consumer culture, social satire; New Adam and Eve; opposite of Formalism; Neo-Dada; collage
Ricahrd Hamilton, Just What Is It That Makes Today’s Homes So Different, So Appealing, 1955
meaasge is what matter; ambivilance in women’ women want independence; Benday dots; Pop Art
Roy Lichtenstein, Oh Jeff…I Love You, too…But, 1964
Benday Dots
commercial technique; saves money on color printing
commercialized; desensitized through repetition; gold background implies she’s a saint; stencil; silkscreening; Pop Art
Andy Warhol, Marilyn Monroe Diptych, 1962
Silkscreening
stencil over screen
movement to Second America Revolution; Vietnam; Birth control invented; gender and racial equality; “make love, not war”; POP ART
Cales Oldenburg, Lipstick (ascending) On Caterpillar Tracks, reworked, 1974
dematerialization
taking away material value
minimalism
rejected handcrafted objects; industrial material
comprehend art object without focal point; shapes without hierarchy; 12 identical units (iron); avoid allusion to subject; objects are aggressively themselves; minimalism
Don Judd, Unititled, 1967
objecthood
no more intersting than objects
Happenings
what was happening at the time
Performance Art
act of making art the significant part
destroyed works after; making it the art; performance art
Shozo Shimamoto, Hurling Colors, 1956
New Realism
art now takes form from real world
Conceptual Art
“idea” seperable from “form”; literal “dematerialization” of art
Conceptual Art; surrounded by his drawings; walking around exhibition with dead rabbit; rational and spiritual; meaning cannot be explained fully in syntax
Joseph Beuys, How to Explain Pictures to a Dead Hare, 1965
Semiotics
signifier-sound or visula image
signified- mental concept or idea
Feminism; ladies role as homemaker; places set for famous women; “last Supper”; conceptual art
Judy Chicago, The Dinner Party, 1974-1979
Semiotices; study of signs; conceptual art
Kosuth, One and Three Chairs, 1965
commentary of stereotype of black women; conceptual art
Betye Saar, The Liberation of Aunt Jemina, 1972
appropriation
material from one source reintroduced in another context
Post modernism
questions patriarchy; stadegy of making art not style; rejects seriousness
mimic international style; unclustered skin; pastiche (looks like combination of phone booth and dresser); pluralism; Post Modernism
Phillip Johnson, AT&T Headquarters, New York, 1984
pastiche
hodge-podge; combining two things
pluralism
social and cultural diversity
second wave feminism; questions gender construction and male gaze; artfull in concept not medium; words make eyes travel down; Post Modernism
Barbara Kruger, Untitled (Your Gaze Hits the Side of my Face), 1981
different hairstyles; hair as indicator of race, gender, cless; defying system of stereotypes; Post Modernism; Pluralism
Lorna Simpson, Stereo Styles, 1988
Photo of crucifix suspened in blood and pee; people overlook Christ’s physicality;Post Modernism
Andres Serrano, Piss Christ, 1989
dead animals; mother and child divided from each other and cut in half; supsended; forced to confront actuallity of death; Post Modernism
Damein Hirst, Mother and Child Divided, 1993
Globalism
unification of world’s economic order “Americanization”
Postcoloniaism
discourse of the reactions to and effects of the cultural legacy of Western colonization
Iranian Artist; “woman of Allah”; Farsi witten on face with weapon; criticizes Westernizatio; TERRORISM; Western feel threatened; Postcolonialism
Shirin Neshat, Rebellious Silence, 1994
The Other
Middle East opposite of U.S
CAD; assymetrical design, orgainic sculpture; color of skin changes; form changes as you walk around; Postcolonialism; Deconstructiontivist Architecture
Frank O. Gehry, Guggenheim Museum, 1993-1997
Deconstructivist Architecture
theory-based, deliberately disturb traditional architecture
video specific to style playing in each monitor specific for each state; Postcolonialism; Video Art
Nam June Paik, Electronic Superhighway:Continental U.S, 1995
“body dismorfia”; caught looking; control taken from user; 10 in bikinis and heels; 5 heels; Postcolonialism
Vanessa Beecroft, VB35, 1998
Play on Lego Land; cultural colonization; bandit with weapon in field of drugs: Postcolonialism
Nadin Ospina, Columbia Land, 2004
postcolonial identity complicated;
Yinka Shonibare, MBE, How to Blow up two heads at once (Ladies), 2006
