Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Occlusion & Articulation > Exam II Review > Flashcards

Exam II Review Flashcards

1
Q

-The position of the TM ligament is designed to limit the _______ _____ rotational _________ of the ________________

A
  • Pure HINGE AXIS
  • Movement
  • Mandible
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The full length of the TM ligament occurs at no more than _________ of _________, as measured _________ the __________ _________

A
  • 15-20 mm
  • OPENING
  • Between
  • INCISAL
  • EDGES of the maxillary & mandibular incisors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The TM ligament has a pivot point at this ___________ of opening at which the movement of the mandible, which is classified as ___________ then commences.

A
  • 15-20 mm

- TRANSLATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q
  • Describe the thickness of the posterior, anterior, and intermediate zone or the disc.
  • Where does most of the mandibular movement occur ?
A

PB= Posterior Border is the THICKEST
IZ= Intermediate zone is the THINNEST
PB> AB> IZ

-MOST of the Mandibular movement occurs in BOTH the (IZ) intermediate zone and the (AB) anterior region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the features of the Retrodiscal tissue ?

A

1) Elastic
2) HIGHLY INNERVATED & VASCULAR
3) If we place significant force or more commonly called “LOADING”. It can be PAINFUL
4) Any type of TRAUMA can cause INFLAMMATION surrounding the articular disc. (especially in the retrodiscal tissues)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Regarding Maximum Intercuspation, from a force persecutive, what is considered IDEAL?

A

1) For Angle CLASS I Occlusion = First MOLARS & CANINES have an important relationship
2) There must be an “ADEQUATE” overlap of the MAXILLARY OVER the mandibular teeth
3) Occlusal forces should be exerted DOWN the LONG AXIS of POSTERIOR Teeth.

4) There MUST be SIMULTANEOUS contact of ALL of the MAXILLARY & MANDIBULAR TEETH
a) “POSTERIOR” tooth occlusal contact should DOMINATE over the ANTERIOR TEETH

b) ANTERIOR teeth should display “PASSIVE” occlusal contact or MINIMAL occlusal contact w/ each other.
c) There should be “MULTIPLE occlusal contacts on ALL TEETH” that adequately distributes forces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the Action of the TEMPORALIS?

A

1) RETRACTS or RETRUDES the mandible
- Considered NORMAL fxn activity
* Helps seat condyles into Mandibular Fossa*

2) Positions the mandible to obtain CENTRIC RELATION
“Temporalis is the only primary muscle that DOES this function”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the ACTION of the MEDIAL PTERYGOID?

A

PRIMARY muscle to produce pure MEDIOTRUSIVE Movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the actions of the LATERAL Pterygoid SUPERIOR HEAD Muscle?

A

1) It Progressively ACTIVE during CLOSING movement of the mandible
(Normal activity)

2) It recently displays a SPASM as a result of some type of OCCLUSAL DYSFUNCTION.
(Results in articular disc being pulled out if fossa)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What actions can occur when the mandible closes against the MAXILLA from an extended OPENING Position?

-Which muscles contract and relax?

A

1) Condyle will be located located primarily within GLENOID FOSSA (starting position)
2) The “ANTERIOR FIBERS” of the TEMPORALIS muscle will contract (not posterior)
3) The MEDIAL PTERYGOID muscle will CONTRACT
4) ENTIRE MASSETER muscle will CONTRACT
5) SUPRAHYOIDS & INFRAHYOID “RELAX”

6) Posterior neck musculature will “MINIMALLY
CONTRACT” to HOLD CRANIUM in place!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What can Affect the Alignment of the Teeth?

A

1) Maxillary & Mandibular ARCH SIZE
2) Occlusal CONTRACTING relationships

3) Musculature
- “FACIAL-LINGUAL” equilibrium

4) PARAfunctional activity
5) MISSING teeth
6) FRACTURED cusps
7) SEVERELY carious teeth
8) ROTATED or ECTOPICALLY-positioned teeth

Note: Normal functional activities(chewing/speaking) will not negatively affect alignment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Intra-arch Alignment of Teeth:

  • Teeth primarily contact their ___________?
  • Most teeth contact ___________________?
  • -Which 2 teeth only have ONE antagonist in the opposing arch?

Example: What will the Maxillary SECOND MOLAR touch in the Mandibular arch?

A
  • Namesake in the opposing arch
  • One additional tooth in the opposing arch
  • The maxillary third molars and mandibular central incisors

EX: Mandibular SECOND and THRID MOLAR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Regarding individual Longitudinal Force Applications, what is the IDEAL FORCE APPLICATION?

A

-Occlusal forces placed on posterior teeth are intended to go UP & DOWN the LONG AXES of the roots.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Regarding individual Longitudinal Force Applications, what is the “NON-IDEAL” FORCE APPLICATION?

A

-If forces are not directed down the long axis, then CUSP FRACTURE, TOOTH MOVEMENT, or MISALIGNMENT could occur.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the PREFERRED NAME for the Cusp-Fossa Relationship of the Posterior Teeth?

A

CENTRIC (this is for Maxillary–> LINGUAL cusps & Mandibular—> FACIAL cusps)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the STATIC or STATIONARY Occlusion Concepts?

A

1) Student should envision the CENTRIC RELATION and maximum intercuspation positions as COINCIDENT when attempting to describe ideal tooth positions
2) On each individual tooth there are PRECISE LOCATIONS of where occlusal contact SHOULD BE places when the mandible has completely closed against Maxilla
3) Tooth contacts should be PRECISE, MINIMAL and SHORT-LASTING
4) The arches SHOULD RECEIVE the contact and THEN RELEASE or disengage from each other, when movement COMMENCES.
5) Many contacts are ANATOMICALLY-DRIVEN , in that there are strategically BETTER LOCATIONS in each COLLECTIVE arch that determine the most “OPTIMAL” locations of stationary occlusal contact

  • 6) All concepts regarding ideal alignment & occlusion have as their basis & starting point MAXIMUM INTERCUSPATION of the Mandibular and maxillary teeth
  • Not mentioned in class review
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

For NON-CENTRIC Cusps on MANDIBULAR Posterior Teeth, what is the Mandibular Cusp Name:::: Fossa or Marginal Ridge Locations? (In Maximum Intercuspation)

-ML 2nd molar ?

A

Mesiolingual “ML” CUSP of the MANDIBULAR SECOND MOLAR = LINGUAL embrasure between the MAXILLARY 1st & 2nd molars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

For NON-CENTRIC Cusps on “MAXILLARY” Posterior Teeth, what is the Maxillary Cusp Name:::: Fossa or Marginal Ridge Locations? (In Maximum Intercuspation)

A

Distofacial “DF” CUSP of the MAXILLARY 1st molar = Distofacial “DF” GROOVE on MANDIBULAR 1st molar or the FACIAL embrasure between the Mandibular molars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

When the MANDIBULAR Cusps are positioned over the MAXILLARY teeth and are located at a 45 degree angle between “protrusion” and “working” movements what is this pathway called?

A
  • LATERAL PROTRUSIVE (Excursion)
  • Line travels from a 1st molar central fossa travels in DIAGONAL direction TOWARDS/OVER the MF cusp & through the MF line angle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Regarding Non-Working Cusps & pathways, how would you know movement its non-working?

  • Example given:
  • Disolingual “DL” cusp on mandibular first molar as pt undergoes movement of the mandible to right side what will this DL cusp travel from?
A
  • Left Non-Working Movement (mediotrusive)
  • Right sided lateral movement but we are talking about the LEFT POSTERIOR TOOTH it is non-working (Right side movement w/ left side teeth = non-movement)

Ex: Travels from lingual sulcus in a diagonal direction toward anterior portion of the palate
(Away from the maxillary posterior teeth)

21
Q

When viewing a diagram of moving occlusion the base of the bold black arrow in the central fossa of the Mandibular left molar 1st molar (#14) pointing through the LINGUAL GROOVE to the TONGUE, This designates what type of movement?

A

LEFT Working (LATEROTRUSIVE)

22
Q

When viewing a diagram of a moving occlusion the base of the bold black arrow in the central fossa (CF) of the Mandibular LEFT molar 1st molar the arrow is pointing STRAIGHT towards the FACIAL surface or cheek of patient, This designates what type of movement?

A

Movement: NON-FUNCTIONAL
(mandibular movement is not possible)

Side: RIGHT
Cusp: ML cups of maxillary 1st molar (#3)

23
Q

When viewing a SAGITTAL panographic tracing of mandibular border movements, which of the following positions is the MOST ANTERIOR ?

A

MAXIMUM PROTRUSION (MP)

24
Q

When viewing a FRONTAL panographic tracing of mandibular border movement is at the level of central incisors (face to face w/ patient) what is the MOST SUPERIOR position?

A

MAXIMUM INTERCUSPATION (MI)

25
Q

When you view a sagittal panographic tracing of mandibular border moments at the level of the left condyle, which of the positions is the SUPERIOR?

A

W= Working Movement

(will travel in most superior direction)

26
Q

If a clinician were to INCREASE the HORIZONTAL overlap of the anterior teeth but keep VERTICAL overlap UNCHANGED. What implications anatomically would be seen?

A
  • “Posterior teeth cusp will NEED to be FLATTER”
  • As HORIZONTAL INCREASE, ANTERIOR GUIDANCE angle DECREASES
  • An INCREASE in Horizontal Overlap (diminished anterior guidance angle) will result in less vertical displacement of the mandible and FLATTER posterior cups.
27
Q

What happens when the PCF and ACF are not identical for example If the PCF is 45 degrees and ACF is 57, what tooth is MOST affected? (You increase angulation of ACF)

A

MOSTLY ANTERIORLY positioned POSTERIOR TOOTH = Mandibular 1ST PREMOLAR (will be most affect by increased ACF)

28
Q

If a patient has a flatter Curve of Spee (Variable) the radius will be what?

A

The LONGER the radius the FLATTER the Curve of Spee

29
Q

What is Immediate Sideshift?

A
  • When the initial mandibular lateral translation movement occurs BEFORE the condyle translates from the fossa.
  • The GREATER the immediate side shift, the SHORTER the POSTERIOR cusp MUST be & WIDER are opposing fossae and grooves.
30
Q

What is the affect of Distance on the tooth from the WORKING Condyle ? (aka axis of rotation)

A

-The GREATER the distance of the tooth from the axis of rotation (working condyle) the WIDER the angle formed by the laterotrusive & mediotrusive pathways

31
Q

When altering the Horizontal Determinant of Occlusal Morphology, by making the Distance from rotating condyle (known as the Factor) GREATER in distance (known as the Condition) What is the effect?

A

WIDER the ANGLE between laterotrusoive and mediotrusive pathways

32
Q

What is the ADVANTAGE in using a SEMI-ADJUSTIBLE Articulator?

A

1) Provides a significant advantage over the “nonadjustable” articular in REPLICATING the patients specific Condylar Movement
2) Excellent for ROUTINE dental treatment

33
Q

What is the DIS-advantage in using a SEMI-ADJUSTIBLE Articulator?

A

1) MORE time consuming as in order to be effective, information must be transferred from the patent to the articulator
2) MORE expensive instrument than the non-adjustable articulator

34
Q

What are the 3 procedures that are necessary to use the FULLY ADJUSTABLE articulator properly and effectively?

A

1) An EXACT HINGE AXIS location of the condyles for the face bow
2) A pantographic RECORDING

3) A CR (Centric Relation) occlusal RECORD
- Cast mount? “Cannot. No arbitrarily mounting of casts”

35
Q

Regarding Working side Occlusal Interferences, What are the potentially observed A contacts?

A

1) LINGUAL inclines of the maxillary posterior facial cusps =A
2) FACIAL inclines of the mandibular posterior facial cusps=A

-“B” is excluded; B is a non-woking side interference
“Facial incline of the maxillary posterior lingual cusps”

Note: Remember CLiMAX
(Lingual/Maxillary)

36
Q

Regarding Working side Occlusal Interferences, What are the potentially observed C contacts?

A

1) LINGUAL inclines of the maxillary posterior LINGUAL cusp =C
2) FACIAL inclines of the mandibular posterior LINGUAL cusps=C

Note: Remember CLiMAX
(Lingual/Maxillary)

37
Q

What is the location of Non-working Interferences of the Mandible?

A

-LINGUAL inclines of the mandibular posterior facial cusps= B contact

38
Q

Pt has a premature contact also known as closure interference and it involves direct contact of the triangular ridge of the Mesial Facial (MF) cusp on the Maxillary 1st Molar and Facial ridge of the Mesial Facial(MF) cusp of a Mandibular 1ST Molar, what will occur regarding deviation of the Mandible?

A

-“A & C” contacts will display the condyle on the OPPOSITE side “DEVIATING LATERALLY”. The condyle on the SAME side of the INTERFERENCE is ANTERIOR to the CR position.

(This example is A contact)

39
Q

What is Myofascial Pain Syndrome?

A

-Pain of a REGIONAL nature beginning within a specific TRIGGER POINT within muscle/fascia

–PAIN can REFER to other areas of the body

  • Associated phenomena may include autonomic abnormalities such as BLANCHING, COLDNESS, SWEATING, ERYTHEMA, HYPERESTHESIA, and HYPERALGESIA.
  • These may be LOCALLY (never systemic) or within the are of referred pain.
40
Q

Regarding Stages of Muscle Disorders, what is TRISMUS (lock-jaw)?

A

Muscle Trismus:
-“Severe form of m. excitatory response; does have a hard feel but it is extracapsular-not intracapsular

1) Pain is VARIABLE
2) Incisal-interocclusal distance is LESS than 18 mm
3) -HARD END-FEEL (This means that articular disc is anterior to the head of the condyle & as the condyle moves anteriorly, it runs into the articular disc & stops)
4) This is a REVERSIBLE process

41
Q

What is Muscle Trismus secondary to?

A
  • This condition is secondary to:
    1) Infection
    2) Hematoma
    3) Trauma
42
Q

What is the trigger point of the Anterior Temporalis?

A

Pain expressed (referred pain) on the MAXILLARY INCISORS

43
Q

What is a RECIPROCAL CLICK?

A

-Implies that there are 2 clicks.

1) The OPENING click (regaining position) and
2) CLOSING click (Articular disc pops out of position to the anterior very near closed)

44
Q

What will not increase the pain if the problem is INTRACAPSULAR?

A

**Having a patient PROTRUDE their mandible against the resistance (maxilla) as they bite WILL NOT increase the pain

45
Q

What will INCREASE the pain if the problem is INTRACAPSULAR?

A

If it is muscle related, the INFERIOR LATERAL PTERYGOID MUSCLE

46
Q

Describe Intracapsular disorders

A
  • Can ELICIT PAIN w/ INCREASED INTERARTICULAR pressure (pressure w/in the joint) & mandibular movement
  • Any movement provoked by manipulation of mandible will ELICT PAIN if it INCREASES pressure on the TMJ
  • If the patient has pain from BITING on the tongue blade, the INFERIOR LATERAL PTERYGOID muscle will continue to exhibit PAIN!
  • BITING on OPPOSITE SIDE of the affected joint will INCREASE pain (this produces a “fulcrum effect”)
47
Q

Regarding pain input, a patient suffering from NECROTIC pulp w/ limited mouth opening once the pain is resolved, what happens to their Range Of Motion (ROM)?

A

-It will return to NORMAL ROM.

Be careful NOT TO CONFUSE this situation w/ TMD

48
Q

Regarding pain input, a patient w/ pain in CERVICAL SPINE can produce a REFLEX MUSCLE response in what area?

A

Response is in the Trigeminal Area, most notably the MUSCLES of MASTICATION.
(Be careful NOT TO CONFUSE with this situation w/ TMD)

49
Q

A patient that undergoes a Spontaneous Dislocation/Subluxation Eminence, how can you reposition the condyle to its normal position?

A
  • MANIPULATION of the mandible by a clinician

- This is due to hyper-mobility to one or both sides of the mandible

Occlusion & Articulation (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions