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Chemistry > Exam II > Flashcards

Exam II Flashcards

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1
Q

Electro negativity

A

How well an element can attract electrons

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2
Q

What is the most electronegative atom

A

F

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3
Q

What group is not electronegative

A

Noble gases

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4
Q

What is the periodic trend of electro negativity

A

Increasing across from left to right

And increasing moving up the periodic table

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5
Q

What group is the most electronegative

A

Halogens because they have 7 valence electrons

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6
Q

What is an ion

A

A charged particle

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7
Q

How are ions made

A

When atoms gain or lose electrons

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8
Q

What atoms are more likely to form ions and why

A

Elements that only need to lose or gain 1 electron for a full shell, because it requires less energy.

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9
Q

Which groups on the periodic table are more likely to become ions

A

1,2,6,7

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10
Q

Cation

A

Positive ion

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11
Q

Anion

A

Negative ion

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12
Q

Polyatomic

A

Has both a cation and anion

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13
Q

What is the first & second part of naming polyatomic ions

A

First. Second

Name of metal Polyatomic ion

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14
Q

What needs to be done before finding the chemical formula of ions

A

Balance the charges first

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15
Q

Which comes first in the polyatomic formula, the cation or the anion

A

Cation

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16
Q

What is an electron neutral compound

A

An ionic compound that contains one cation for every anion, the charges are equal.

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17
Q

Steps to finding the formula of an ionic compound

A
  1. Identify cation + symbol/charge
  2. Identify anion + symbol/charge
  3. Combine the two ions to form an electrically neutral compound
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18
Q

Find charge of Mg^2+ Cl^-

A

Mg1Cl2

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19
Q

What happens to an ion when it loses an electron

A

It becomes a cation

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20
Q

What happens when an ion gains an electron

A

It becomes an anion

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21
Q

Compounds are neutral when

A

Cations and anions are equal

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22
Q

When 2 bonded atoms share electrons unequally the bond is

A

Polar

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23
Q

When two bonded atoms share electrons equally the bond is

A

No polar

24
Q

How is a bond determined to be covalent or ionic

A

Electro negativity differences

25
Q

Electro negativity difference for a polar covalent bond is

A

.4-1.7

26
Q

Electronegativity difference for covalent bonds

A
27
Q

Electronegativity difference for ionic bonds

A

> 1.7

28
Q

Which side of the periodic table has a lower electronegativity

A

The left side

29
Q

Which side of the periodic table has a higher electronegativity

A

The right side

30
Q

What is electron affinity

A

Energy released when an electron is added to the atom

31
Q

What is the periodic trend for electron affinity

A

The electron affinity becomes more negative from left to right, and doesn’t have much change from top to bottom

32
Q

What is the electron affinity of noble gases

A

> 0

33
Q

Why are electron affinities for elements in 2A more positive?

A

Because addition of an electron requires it to reside in the previously unoccupied “P” subshell

34
Q

Why are elements in group 5A more positive in electron affinity?

A

Because the addition of electron requires it to be put into an already occupied orbital

35
Q

What groups are exceptions to the trend in electronegativity on the periodic table?

A

2A and 5A, because they are more positive than the groups prior

36
Q

What does polyatomic mean?

A

2 ions with an overall charge

37
Q

Compound name -> chemical formula

for
Magnesium Carbonate

A

Mg^2+ CO_3^2-

38
Q

Chemical formula -> compound name

For
LiC(subscript2)H(sub3)O(sub2)

A

Lithium Acetate

39
Q

Which group is more likely to give away electrons

A. Metals
B. Non metals

A

Metals

40
Q

Which group is more likely to want to acquire electrons?

A. Nonmetal
B. Metals

A

A. Nonmetals

41
Q

If Mg gives away 2 electrons to F, what charge does it acquire?

A

2+

42
Q

if F gains an electron from Mg, what charge does it acquire?

A

-

43
Q

What does the Roman numeral in an ionic compound indicate?

A

The charge of the transition metal

44
Q

How are covalent compounds written?

A

Prefix+ name of nonmetal then prefix+ nonmetal ending in “ide”

45
Q

What does the prefix mono mean?

A

1

46
Q

What does the prefix “di” mean?

A

2

47
Q

What does the prefix “tri” mean

A

3

48
Q

What does the prefix “tetra” mean?

A

4

49
Q

What does the prefix “penta” mean?

A

5

50
Q

What does the prefix “hexa” mean?

A

6

51
Q

What does the prefix “hepta” mean?

A

7

52
Q

What is the prefix meaning 8?

A

Octa

53
Q

What does the prefix “Nona” mean?

A

9

54
Q

What is the prefix meaning 10?

A

Deca

55
Q

Do you have to balance charges for covalent compounds?

A

No

Chemistry (3 decks)

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