Exam II Flashcards
Social Darwinism
“Survival of the fittest.” -said by Herbert Spencer
** don’t have to be the smartest/fastest but must ADAPT; justify wealth :: Believed some people were born to be successful.
Homestead Strike
Carnegie:: happened in the Stillmills | He got no help for the strike so he hires people, mercenaries, to break the strikes.
Mugwumps
Young republican political activists who bolted from the United States Republican Party by supporting Democratic candidate Grover Cleveland in the United States presidential election of 1884.
** Want spoils system changed.
Jay Gould
Greenback (title money in system.)
Inflation: $$ is at loss, the amount being printed is not enough.
LACK OF GOLD
Bessemer Process
carbon, silicon, and other impurities are removed from molten pig iron by oxidation in a blast of air in a special tilting retort
Gospel of Wealth
Written by Andrew Carnegie: describes the responsibility of philanthropy by the new upper class of self-made rich.
Molly Maguires
Virginia, Pennsylvania, Irish - terrorists. | Activism among Irish-American and Irish immigrant coal miners in Pennsylvania.
Charles Guiteau
convicted of the assassination of James A. Garfield, the 20th president of the United States
The Chicago School
Group of architects get together to compare notes.
Political Machines
These machines were used for voting in urban areas but were easily exploited. A journalist, Lincoln Steffens, wrote on how the Political Machines actually wrote so votes were silenced with ballets.
Subtreasury
The people’s party. Cost of goods vary. The plan sought to revolutionize credit and marketing arrangements for staple crops, particularly cotton.
National Woman Suffrage Association vs. American Women Suffrage Movement
👽 National Women Suffrage Association: Universal Suffrage - Local & federal Elections
👽 American Women Suffrage Movement: Idea of federal suffrage | State & local
19th Amendment
Grants Universal suffrage to Women.
Coxey’s Army
A Coxey’s unemployed steel worker takes a couple of friends to Washington telling the government to do something but get stopped before even arriving at Washington.
Boxer Rebellion
Boxer’s officially supported peasant uprising of 1900 that attempted to drive all foreigners from China. “Boxers” was a name that foreigners gave to a Chinese secret society known as the Yihequan (“Righteous and Harmonious Fists”)
Venezuela Boundary Dispute
When gold was discovered in the disputed territory, Great Britain sought to further extend its reach, claiming an additional 33,000 square miles west of the Schomburgk Line, an area where gold had been discovered. In 1876 Venezuela protested, broke diplomatic relations with Great Britain, and appealed to the United States for assistance, citing the Monroe Doctrine as justification for U.S. involvement. For the next 19 years Venezuela repeatedly petitioned for U.S. assistance, calling on its neighbor to the north to intervene by either sponsoring arbitration or intervening with force.
U.S.S. Maine
The U.S. sends a battleship to Harvard to protect citizens but the ship explodes. “Yellow Journalism” is used to sell fake/exaggerated stories. (Sensationalism).
United Fruit Company
The United Fruit Company was an American corporation that traded in tropical fruit, grown on Central and South American plantations, and sold in the United States and Europe
Platt Amendment
Reserve the United States a right to interfere in Cuban affairs. Allows them to intervene whenever they want.
Emilio Aguinaldo
Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy QSC PLH was a Filipino revolutionary, politician, and a military leader who is officially recognized as the first and the youngest President of the Philippines and first president of a constitutional republic in Asia.
Margaret Sanger
Sanger popularized the term “birth control”, opened the first birth control clinic in the United States, and established organizations that evolved into the Planned Parenthood Federation of America.
Muller v. Oregon
Muller v. Oregon, 208 U.S. 412, was a landmark decision by the United States Supreme Court. Women were provided by state mandate, lesser work-hours than allotted to men
Initiative, Referendum, Recall
🐙 Initiative: Ability to Petition
🐙 Referendum: VOTE: Laws passed by civilians.
🐙 Recall: Ability to trigger new election in order to remove someone from office.
” The Three C’s “
Theodore Roosevelt
🍄 Control of Cooperation: Promised he would break the TRUSTS
🍄 Conservation: Protect Wild Life
🍄 Consumer Protection: Allow you to return/replace products / get refunds.
Sixteenth Amendment
Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes on incomes, from whatever source derived, without apportionment among the several States, and without regard to any census or enumeration.
Alien Land Law
Passed in California: prohibit Japanese-Americans from selling or purchasing land in California.
Federal Reserve Act of 1913
A system of banks scattered around the U.S.
- Print nation’s money.
- Control small banks and interests in the U.S.
Communism
The major productive resources in a society—such as mines, factories, and farms—are owned by the public or the state, and wealth is divided among citizens equally or according to individual need. (UTOPIAN SOCIETY).
Socialism
States control the economy. The means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole.
The Chinese Exclusion Act
This act provided an absolute 10-year moratorium on Chinese labor immigration.
How the Other Half Lives
It served as a basis for future muckraking journalism by exposing the slums to New York City’s upper and middle class.
Managerial Revolution
Control of corporations and banks has shifted from capitalists to managerial specialists, technocrats, and bureaucrats.
