Exam II Flashcards
Social perception
Constructing an understanding of the social world from the data we get through our senses- the process by which we form impressions of other people’s traits and personalities
Attribution
Observing others behavior and then infer backward to cause-intention abilities traits motives and situations pressures that explain why people act as they do
Categorization
Our tendency to perceive stimuli as members of groups or classes rather than as isolated unique entities
Prototype
An abstraction that represents the typical or quintessential instance of class or group
Schema
Well organized structure of cognition about some social entity such as a person, group, role, or event
Types of schemas
Person Self Group Role Event
Person schemas
Cognitive structures that describe the personalities of other’s
Self schemas
Structures that organize our conception of our own characteristics
Stereotypes
Group schemas
Regarding the members of a particular social group or social category
Role schemas
Indicate which attributes and behaviors are typical of persons occupying a particular role in a group
Event schemas
Scripts
Schemas regarding important reoccurring social events
What do schemas help us do?
Influence our capacity to recall info by making certain kinds of facts more salient and easier to remember
They help us process info faster
They guide our inferences and judgements about people and objects
They allow us to reduce ambiguity by providing a way to interpret ambiguous elements in situation
Complexity extremity effect
The greater the complexity of the schema the less extreme the judgement
Halo effect
The tendency for our general or overall liking for a person to influence our subsequent assessment of more specific traits
Stereotype threat
When a member of a group feels pressure to represent their group/ leads to poor performance
