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Endocrinology PCC > Exam II > Flashcards

Exam II Flashcards

1
Q

What type of cells make up the Thyroid gland?

A

Follicle cells

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2
Q

What is the molecular structure of thyroid hormones?

A

Glycoprotein thyroglobulin

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3
Q

What cells line the thyroid gland?

A

Cuboidal epithelial cells

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4
Q

What fraction of iodides removed from the blood are used by the thyroid gland? What are they used for?

A

1/5th. Utilized for thyroid hormone synthesis

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5
Q

What is iodide trapping?

A

The process of concentrating iodide

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6
Q

What hormone influences the rate of iodide trapping?

A

TSH

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7
Q

What endocrine gland stores a large amount of hormones? How long wound the supply last?

A

Thyroid gland. 2 to 3 months

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8
Q

What is stored in follicles?

A

Thyroid hormone and a few triiodothyronine

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9
Q

What stimulates the cleavage of thyroglobulin?

A

TSH

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10
Q

What two hormones come from the cleavage of thyroglobulin?

A

Thyroxine (T4) and Triiodothyronine (T3)

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11
Q

93% of the released thyroid hormone is what? What is released 3% of time?

A

Thyroxine. Triiodothyronine.

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12
Q

What percentage of thyroxine is deiodinated to form more triiodothyronine?

A

50%

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13
Q

What is the speed of onset for Thyroid hormones?

A

Slow; they produce a long lasting action!

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14
Q

What is the latent period for thyroxine?

A

10-12 days

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15
Q

What is the latent period of Triiodothyronine?

A

6-12 hours

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16
Q

Thyroid hormones activate __________________________ of genes and _______ receptors.

A

Nuclear transcription, Nuclear

17
Q

What is the primary function of the thyroid gland in children?

A

Increase linear height

18
Q

How does the thyroid gland increase linear height in children?

A

Stimulate enzymes of protein anabolism **
Stimulate osteoblast cell activity **
Increase secretion of Somatomedin (Insulin-like Factor 1)
Increase secretion of Somatotropin Hormone ***
(promoter of bone growth)

19
Q

What is the primary function of the thyroid gland in adults?

A

Increase metabolism

20
Q

What is the secondary function of the thyroid gland in adults?

A

Stimulate the neuromuscular system

Endocrinology PCC (1 decks)

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