Exam II

Question 1

What is the respiration phase for the AP projection of the pelvis?

Answer 1

Suspend respiration

Question 2

Which of the following describes the position of the IR for the axiolateral projection of the hip (Danellius-Miller)

Answer 2

1. Parallel with the long axis of the femoral neck
2. Centered to the greater trochanter

Question 3

Where does the central ray enter the patient for an AP hip?

Answer 3

2” distal on a line drawn perpendicular to the midpoint of a line between ASIS and pubic symphysis

Question 4

All of these comprise the hip bone except:

Answer 4

Ileum

Question 5

The part identified by the arrow in this figure

Answer 5

Anterior superior iliac spine

Question 6

In the anatomic position, the body of the femur is angled

Answer 6

10 degrees

Question 7

Which of the following are parts of the innominate bone?

Answer 7

-Ilium
-Ischium
-Greater trochanter

Question 8

The external oblique position of the AP oblique projection (Judet method) demonstrates the _____ column and ____ rim of acetabulum

Answer 8

Ilioischial; anterior

Question 9

Which of the following will be shown “in profile” if the lower limbs are in correct position for an AP pelvis?

Answer 9

-Greater trochanters

Question 10

The central ray for an AP pelvis is directed perpendicular to the center of the IR. The central ray entrance point will be about __ inches ___ to the pubic symphysis.

Answer 10

2; superior

Question 11

Unless contraindicated, the lower limb and leg should be internally rotated for an axiolateral projection of the hip (Danelius-Miller). How many degrees of rotation are required?

Answer 11

15-20 degrees

Question 12

For the AP oblique femoral necks (modified Cleaves method), the central ray is directed___ degrees

Answer 12

0

Question 13

Where does the central ray enter the patient for a bilateral AP oblique femoral necks (modified Cleaves method?)

Answer 13

1” superior to the pubic symphysis

Question 14

How many degrees is the lower limb and foot rotated internally for an AP hip?

Answer 14

15-20 degrees

Question 15

The neck of the femur projects anteriorly at an approximate angle of ____degrees

Answer 15

15-20 degrees

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the female pelvis?

Answer 16

-Oval inlet
-Wide outlet

Question 17

The AP axial projection (Bridgeman method) requires that the central ray be directed

Answer 17

40 degrees caudad

Question 18

Which of the following devices are necessary to perform an axiolateral projection of the hip (Danelius Miller)

Answer 18

Sandbags
Leg support device
IR holder

Question 19

Increased density of atypically soft bone is known as

Answer 19

Osteopetrosis

Question 20

The ilia articulate with the sacrum posteriorly at the

Answer 20

Sacroiliac joint

Question 21

The body is placed at what angle for the AP oblique projection (Judet method) of the acetabulum?

Answer 21

45 degrees

Question 22

How many degrees should the feet and lower limbs be internally rotated for an AP pelvis radiograph?

Answer 22

15-20 degrees

Question 23

What is the central ray angle for an AP projection of the hip?

Answer 23

Perpendicular

Question 24

What is the central ray entrance point for the AP oblique projection (Judet method) of the acetabulum?

Answer 24

2” inferior to the ASIS

Question 25

The hip joint is a ____ joint

Answer 25

Synovial; ball and socket

Question 26

How many degrees is the lower limb and foot rotated internally for an AP hip?

Answer 26

15-20 degrees

Question 27

The body of the pubis forms approximately _____ of the acetabulum anteriorly

Answer 27

One fifth of

Question 28

Which two of the following describes the central ray for an axiolateral projection of the hip (Danelius-Miller)

Answer 28

Perpendicular to the IR Perpendicular to the long axis of the femoral neck

Question 29

To accurately position the patient for hip radiographs, one must localize two bony points on the pelvis. These two reference points are the:

Answer 29

-Superior margin of the symphysis -ASIS

Question 30

Which of the following will demonstrate the femoral necks in their full extent without superimposition for an AP pelvis?

Answer 30

Internally rotate the feet and lower limbs 15-20 degrees

Question 31

The iliac crest extends from the ____ to the ____

Answer 31

ASIS to the posterior superior iliac spine

Question 32

Thick, soft bone marked by bowing and fractures is known as

Answer 32

Paget disease

Question 33

Which of the following will demonstrate the femoral necks in the AP oblique projection?

Answer 33

Modified cleaves

Question 34

Which of the following will demonstrate proper rotation of the proximal femur for an AP pelvis?

Answer 34

Greater trochanters Femoral necks free from imposition

Question 35

Which two of the following are prominent on the anterior border of the ala?

Answer 35

ASIS and anterior inferior iliac crest

Question 36

What is the anatomy of interest in a AP oblique (Judet)

Answer 36

Posterior acetabular rim and iliopubic column

Question 37

Which two are essential projections of the calcaneus?

Answer 37

Lateral (mediolateral) Axial (Plantodorsal)

Question 38

What type of joint is the ankle mortise?

Answer 38

Synovial—hinged

Question 39

The central ray angulation for an AP oblique projection of the ankle is

Answer 39

0 degrees

Question 40

The proximal end of the tibia presents two prominent processes called the

Answer 40

Condyles

Question 41

Where is the central ray directed for the tangential projection (Settegast method) of the patella?

Answer 41

Through the patellofemoral joint space

Question 42

All of the joints of the foot are synovial (freely movable) except

Answer 42

Distal tibiofibular

Question 43

Which projection will clearly demonstrate the joint spaces between the talus and both malleoli?

Answer 43

AP oblique, 15-20 degree internal rotation

Question 44

How much should the leg be flexed for a lateral projection of the knee?

Answer 44

20-30 degrees

Question 45

Often, the leg is too long to fit on one IR for radiographs. Which joint or joints should be included on the IR when the site of a lesion is unknown?

Answer 45

Both joints on two IRs

Question 46

Which two of the following evaluation criteria demonstrates under rotation in a lateral projection of the knee?

Answer 46

-Increased superimposition of the fibular head and tibia -Anterior surface of the medial condyle lies farther from the patella

Question 47

What does the central ray enter for a tangential projection of the patella (merchant method)

Answer 47

Level of the patellofemoral joint

Question 48

How far should the patient be rolled posteriorly from the lateral position, for a lateral projection of the proximal femur that will include the hip?

Answer 48

10-15 degrees

Question 49

For an AP projection of the ankle, the central ray must enter the

Answer 49

Ankle joint midway between the malleoli

Question 50

When the ASIS to tabletop measurement is less than 19cm, the central ray angulation for an AP knee is

Answer 50

5 degrees caudad

Question 51

What is the patient position for a lateral projection of the third, fourth, or fifth toes?

Answer 51

Lateral recumbent, on the affected side

Question 52

The superior surface of the foot is termed the ____ surface

Answer 52

Dorsal

Question 53

For an AP projection of the toes, the central ray is directed to the

Answer 53

Third MTP joint

Question 54

The most commonly performed oblique projection of the foot is the ____ oblique in _____

Answer 54

AP; medial rotation

Question 55

Which of the following will ensure that the knee is in proper position for an AP oblique projection with medial rotation?

Answer 55

-Superimposed tibial plateaus -Lateral condyles of the femur clearly demonstrated

Question 56

What is the central ray angle for a PA projection of the patella?

Answer 56

0 degrees

Question 57

The central ray angulation for a lateral projection of the calcaneus is

Answer 57

0 degrees