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Rad. Positioning > Exam II > Flashcards

Exam II Flashcards

1
Q

What is the respiration phase for the AP projection of the pelvis?

A

Suspend respiration

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2
Q

Which of the following describes the position of the IR for the axiolateral projection of the hip (Danellius-Miller)

A
  1. Parallel with the long axis of the femoral neck
  2. Centered to the greater trochanter
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3
Q

Where does the central ray enter the patient for an AP hip?

A

2” distal on a line drawn perpendicular to the midpoint of a line between ASIS and pubic symphysis

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4
Q

All of these comprise the hip bone except:

A

Ileum

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5
Q

The part identified by the arrow in this figure

A

Anterior superior iliac spine

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6
Q

In the anatomic position, the body of the femur is angled

A

10 degrees

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7
Q

Which of the following are parts of the innominate bone?

A

-Ilium
-Ischium
-Greater trochanter

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8
Q

The external oblique position of the AP oblique projection (Judet method) demonstrates the _____ column and ____ rim of acetabulum

A

Ilioischial; anterior

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9
Q

Which of the following will be shown “in profile” if the lower limbs are in correct position for an AP pelvis?

A

-Greater trochanters

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10
Q

The central ray for an AP pelvis is directed perpendicular to the center of the IR. The central ray entrance point will be about __ inches ___ to the pubic symphysis.

A

2; superior

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11
Q

Unless contraindicated, the lower limb and leg should be internally rotated for an axiolateral projection of the hip (Danelius-Miller). How many degrees of rotation are required?

A

15-20 degrees

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12
Q

For the AP oblique femoral necks (modified Cleaves method), the central ray is directed___ degrees

A

0

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13
Q

Where does the central ray enter the patient for a bilateral AP oblique femoral necks (modified Cleaves method?)

A

1” superior to the pubic symphysis

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14
Q

How many degrees is the lower limb and foot rotated internally for an AP hip?

A

15-20 degrees

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15
Q

The neck of the femur projects anteriorly at an approximate angle of ____degrees

A

15-20 degrees

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16
Q

Which of the following best describes the female pelvis?

A

-Oval inlet
-Wide outlet

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17
Q

The AP axial projection (Bridgeman method) requires that the central ray be directed

A

40 degrees caudad

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18
Q

Which of the following devices are necessary to perform an axiolateral projection of the hip (Danelius Miller)

A

Sandbags
Leg support device
IR holder

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19
Q

Increased density of atypically soft bone is known as

A

Osteopetrosis

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20
Q

The ilia articulate with the sacrum posteriorly at the

A

Sacroiliac joint

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21
Q

The body is placed at what angle for the AP oblique projection (Judet method) of the acetabulum?

A

45 degrees

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22
Q

How many degrees should the feet and lower limbs be internally rotated for an AP pelvis radiograph?

A

15-20 degrees

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23
Q

What is the central ray angle for an AP projection of the hip?

A

Perpendicular

24
Q

What is the central ray entrance point for the AP oblique projection (Judet method) of the acetabulum?

A

2” inferior to the ASIS

25
Q

The hip joint is a ____ joint

A

Synovial; ball and socket

26
Q

How many degrees is the lower limb and foot rotated internally for an AP hip?

A

15-20 degrees

27
Q

The body of the pubis forms approximately _____ of the acetabulum anteriorly

A

One fifth of

28
Q

Which two of the following describes the central ray for an axiolateral projection of the hip (Danelius-Miller)

A

Perpendicular to the IR
Perpendicular to the long axis of the femoral neck

29
Q

To accurately position the patient for hip radiographs, one must localize two bony points on the pelvis. These two reference points are the:

A

-Superior margin of the symphysis
-ASIS

30
Q

Which of the following will demonstrate the femoral necks in their full extent without superimposition for an AP pelvis?

A

Internally rotate the feet and lower limbs 15-20 degrees

31
Q

The iliac crest extends from the ____ to the ____

A

ASIS to the posterior superior iliac spine

32
Q

Thick, soft bone marked by bowing and fractures is known as

A

Paget disease

33
Q

Which of the following will demonstrate the femoral necks in the AP oblique projection?

A

Modified cleaves

34
Q

Which of the following will demonstrate proper rotation of the proximal femur for an AP pelvis?

A

Greater trochanters
Femoral necks free from imposition

35
Q

Which two of the following are prominent on the anterior border of the ala?

A

ASIS and anterior inferior iliac crest

36
Q

What is the anatomy of interest in a AP oblique (Judet)

A

Posterior acetabular rim and iliopubic column

37
Q

Which two are essential projections of the calcaneus?

A

Lateral (mediolateral)
Axial (Plantodorsal)

38
Q

What type of joint is the ankle mortise?

A

Synovial—hinged

39
Q

The central ray angulation for an AP oblique projection of the ankle is

A

0 degrees

40
Q

The proximal end of the tibia presents two prominent processes called the

A

Condyles

41
Q

Where is the central ray directed for the tangential projection (Settegast method) of the patella?

A

Through the patellofemoral joint space

42
Q

All of the joints of the foot are synovial (freely movable) except

A

Distal tibiofibular

43
Q

Which projection will clearly demonstrate the joint spaces between the talus and both malleoli?

A

AP oblique, 15-20 degree internal rotation

44
Q

How much should the leg be flexed for a lateral projection of the knee?

A

20-30 degrees

45
Q

Often, the leg is too long to fit on one IR for radiographs. Which joint or joints should be included on the IR when the site of a lesion is unknown?

A

Both joints on two IRs

46
Q

Which two of the following evaluation criteria demonstrates under rotation in a lateral projection of the knee?

A

-Increased superimposition of the fibular head and tibia
-Anterior surface of the medial condyle lies farther from the patella

47
Q

What does the central ray enter for a tangential projection of the patella (merchant method)

A

Level of the patellofemoral joint

48
Q

How far should the patient be rolled posteriorly from the lateral position, for a lateral projection of the proximal femur that will include the hip?

A

10-15 degrees

49
Q

For an AP projection of the ankle, the central ray must enter the

A

Ankle joint midway between the malleoli

50
Q

When the ASIS to tabletop measurement is less than 19cm, the central ray angulation for an AP knee is

A

5 degrees caudad

51
Q

What is the patient position for a lateral projection of the third, fourth, or fifth toes?

A

Lateral recumbent, on the affected side

52
Q

The superior surface of the foot is termed the ____ surface

A

Dorsal

53
Q

For an AP projection of the toes, the central ray is directed to the

A

Third MTP joint

54
Q

The most commonly performed oblique projection of the foot is the ____ oblique in _____

A

AP; medial rotation

55
Q

Which of the following will ensure that the knee is in proper position for an AP oblique projection with medial rotation?

A

-Superimposed tibial plateaus
-Lateral condyles of the femur clearly demonstrated

56
Q

What is the central ray angle for a PA projection of the patella?

A

0 degrees

57
Q

The central ray angulation for a lateral projection of the calcaneus is

A

0 degrees

Rad. Positioning (1 decks)

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