Exam I - Quiz

Question 1

What are the four basic tissue types?

Answer 1

epithelial, neural, muscle, and connective

Question 2

What is the function of osteoclasts?

Answer 2

bone-remodeling cells

Question 3

Bone is primarily made up of what type of fibers?

Answer 3

Type I collagen fibers

Question 4

Ground substance is primarily made up of what?

Answer 4

Glycosaminoglycans

Question 5

What are the three types of glycosaminoglycans found primarily in bone?

Answer 5

hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, and keratin sulfate

Question 6

What is the primary bone mineral deposit?

Answer 6

Hydroxyapatite

Question 7

What constitutes bone as “living”?

Answer 7

It can heal, age, and remodel.

Question 8

The chondrocranium is formed by what type of ossification?

Answer 8

Endochondral ossification

Question 9

What are the four types of bone variation?

Answer 9

Sexual dimorphism, ontogenetic variation, geographic or population based variation, and idiosyncratic variation.

Question 10

What are accessory bones?

Answer 10

formed from the periosteum of existing bone; para-articular processes and bony spurs

Question 11

What are heterotopic bones?

Answer 11

formed from cells within nonbone-related tissues as a result of the healing process, disease, stress, and/or age; pineal gland, heart, and ligaments

Question 12

How many bones constitute the axial skeleton?

Answer 12

80 bones

Question 13

How many bones constitute the appendicular skeleton?

Answer 13

126 bones

Question 14

How many bones make up the sternum?

Answer 14

1 bone

Question 15

How many bones make up the hyoid?

Answer 15

5 bones; it is 1 bone though

Question 16

How many bones are typically identified with the skull?

Answer 16

28 bones

Question 17

What makes up the cranium?

Answer 17

the skull minus the mandible

Question 18

What makes up the calvaria?

Answer 18

The top of the skull, the skullcap (calva)

Question 19

What is the neurocranium?

Answer 19

the bones which surround the brain; 8 bones (unpaired: ethmoid, sphenoid, occipital, and frontal AND paired: temporal and parietal)

Question 20

What is the facial skeleton/splanchnocranium?

Answer 20

the bones which support the face or the front of the head; 14 bones (unpaired: vomer and manible AND paired: nasal, lacrimal, palatine, maxilla, zygomatic and inferior nasal concha)

Question 21

What are the auditory ossicles?

Answer 21

the bones of the middle ear located within the temporal bone; 6 bones (paired: stapes [stirrup], incus [anvil], and malleus [hammer]

Question 22

How many bones make up the adult vertebral column?

Answer 22

26 bones

Question 23

How many bones make up the adult spine?

Answer 23

24 bones

Question 24

Identify synarthrosis joints.

Answer 24

fibrous; restricted motion

Question 25

Identify amphiarthrosis joints.

Answer 25

cartilaginous; semi-moveable

Question 26

Identify diarthrosis joints.

Answer 26

synovial fluid; freely moveable

Question 27

What is a limbous structure?

Answer 27

a true suture; sutura vera; it is both interlocking and overlapping

Question 28

Does a sutura vera (true suture) follow endochondral or intramembranous ossification?

Answer 28

Intramembranous ossification