Exam I material Flashcards
Sensory neurons enter the spinal cord via the ____ root
Dorsal
_____ excitation of the cerebral cortex is necessary for almost all cortical activity
thalamic
Sensory neurons enter the spinal cord via the dorsal root and then synapse with the interneurons and/or motor neurons in the ______ matter
gray
Motor neurons exit the spinal cord via the _____ root to go to effectors
Ventral
What makes up gray matter?
Neuron cell bodies & interneurons
What makes up white matter?
Neurons axons
The dorsal columns & spinothalamic tract contains:
Ascending sensory axons
The corticospinal tract contains:
Descending motor axons
Dorsal column contains sensory information including:
Vibration
Position
Two-point discrimination
Deep touch
Is the dorsal column ipsilateral or contralateral?
Ipsilateral
Carries information from the same side of the body
Ipsilateral
Is the dorsal column tract motor or sensory?
Sensory
Is the corticospinal tract motor or sensory?
Motor
Is the corticospinal tract ipsilateral or contralateral?
Ipsilateral
The corticospinal tract contains motor information including:
Paralysis
Paresis
Spasticity
Hyper-reflexia
Clonus
Babinski sign
The corticospinal tract contains descending axons that are carrying motor information to control _____ on the same side of the body
Skeletal muscles
Is the spinothalmic tract motor or sensory?
Sensory
Is the spinothalmic tract ipsilateral or contralateral?
Contralateral
The spinothalmic tract contains sensory axons that transmit information up to the brain about:
Pain & temperature
The brain breaks down into what six sections?
- Cerebrum
- Diencephalon
- Midbrain
- Pons
- Medulla Oblongata
- Cerebellum
The cerebral cortex is considered what type of matter?
Grey matter
What specialized areas reside within the frontal lobe of the cerebrum?
Premotor cortex, Primary motor cortex, Prefrontal cortex & Broca’s area
What specialized areas reside within the parietal lobe of the cerebrum?
Primary sensory cortex & Primary gustatory cortex
What specialized areas reside within the temporal lobe of the cerebrum?
Primary auditory cortex, Primary olfactory cortex, Wernicke’s area
What specialized areas reside within the occipital lobe of the cerebrum?
Primary visual cortex
For each sensory type there is ____ area & this is what receives the sensory information and allows us to perceive it. However there is also a _____ area & this provides the context & meaning
Primary area
Association area
In about 95% of people the left hemisphere is the _________ hemisphere
Dominant/Categorical
Allows for information stored in one hemisphere available to the opposite hemisphere
Corpus callosum
Receive & analyze signals from multiple regions of both sensory & motor cortices & subcortical areas
Association areas
Brocas area is located in the ____ lobe
Wernicke’s area is located in the ____ lobe
Frontal lobe
Temportal lobe
Mr. Broca puts on a FRONT
Mr. Wernicke has a TEMPer
Where are the preganglionic neurons located in the SNS?
Lateral grey horn of spinal cord
Where are the preganglionic neurons lcoated in the pNS
Motor nuclei of cranial nerves (3, 7, 9, 10)
In the autonomic nervous system, all preganglionic fibers release ____ that bind to _____ on the postganglionic neuron
ACH
Nicotinic receptors (type NN)
Acetylcholine actives ____ receptors in the auto
Nicotinic
