Exam I - Chemotherapy Flashcards
1
Q
Drug List
A
- Methotrexate
- 5-FU
- Cyclophosphamide
- Hydroxyurea
2
Q
Chemotherapy
Purpose
A
- Toxicity with a purpose
- remove target
- ideally selectively toxic for target (bug/cancer)
3
Q
Logarithmic Chemotx
A
- successive treatments
- each treatment kills a PERCENTAGE
4
Q
Normal cell populations
that actively replicate
A
- hair
- skin
- blood
- GI mucosa
- pregancy
- immune processes
5
Q
Cell proliferation processes
A
- DNA synthesis
- cell division
6
Q
Chemotherapy
Toxicities
A
- targets normal actively replication cells
- skin, hair, blood, GI mucosa
7
Q
Cell-cycle specific
Examples
A
- DNA synthesis inhibitors
- mitotic inhibitors
8
Q
Cell cycle non-specific
Exampl
A
-alkylating agents
9
Q
Drug Resistance
3 ways
A
- therapy failure
- acquired or innate
- mutation or gene expression changes
10
Q
Resistance Mechanisms
A
- altered target
- detoxifying enzymes inactivate drugs
- decrease uptake/decrease permeability/increased efflux
- increased target enzyme
- increased levels of competitive substrate
11
Q
Methotrexate
Mechanism
A
-inhibits DNA synthesis:
inhibs thymidine synth (by blocking DHFR
and depleting tetrahydrofolate)
12
Q
Methotrexate
Indications
A
- arthritis
- autoimmune dz
- cancer (at higher dose)
13
Q
Methotrexate
ADME
A
- oral or parenteral
- absorbed better at low dose
- renal elim
14
Q
Methotrxate
Adverse
A
- hepatotoxicity
- bone marrow/GI/urine crystals
15
Q
Fluorouracil
Mechanism
A
- inhibits DNA and RNA synth
- analog of thymidine (FdUMP DNA, FdUTP RNA)
- inhibits thymidine synth
- inhibits thymidylate synthetase
