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Parasitology > Exam I > Flashcards

Exam I Flashcards

1
Q

All of the parasites we have studied are in the phylum

A

Arthropoda

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2
Q

Arthropod means

A

Jointed foot

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3
Q

Four reasons arthropods are important

A

Causal agents
Produce venoms and toxins
Intermediate hosts for protozoan and helminth parasites
Vectors

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4
Q

Two important subphyla we discussed

A

Mandibulata

Chelicerata

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5
Q

What classes are in mandibulata

A

Crustacea (crabs, crayfish, lobster)
Myriopoda (centipedes and millipedes)
Mandibulata (insects)

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6
Q

What species make up chelicerata

A

Ticks and mites

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7
Q

Body of adult insect is divided into

A

Head, thorax, and abdomen

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8
Q

Orders in the class insecta we talked about

A

Hemiptera (true bugs)
Anoplura (sucking lice)
Mallophaga (chewing lice)
Diptera (two winged flies)

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9
Q

Diptera (two winged flies): What are the genuses where ONLY females feed on blood

A 
Simulium
Phlebotomus/Lutzomyia
Culicoides
Mosquitos (Anopheles, Culex, Aedes)
Chrysops
Tabanus
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10
Q

Dipterans that are “biting gnats”

A

Simulium spp
Phlebotomus/Lutzomyia spp
Culicoides spp

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11
Q

Why are dipterans important?

A

Serve as IM host for protozoan parasites and filarial

malaria and D. immitis

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12
Q

Larval stage of dipterans that cause infection

A

Myiasis

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13
Q

Dipterans LC

A

Complex metamorphosis

Egg->Larva->Pupa->Adult

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14
Q

“Black fly” or “Buffalo gnat”

-Give order

A

Simulium spp

Diptera

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15
Q

Simulium host

A

Mammals

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16
Q

Simulium habitat

A

Will be around moving water

Strong fliers

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17
Q

Mouthparts of Simulium spp

A

Serrated mouthparts (female)

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18
Q

Simulium spp WIWPHTH

A

Produce toxins

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19
Q

Simulium zoonotic

A

No

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20
Q

Old World sand flies and New World sand flies
or
Phlebotomine sandflies
-give order

A 
Phlebotomus spp (Old World)
Lutzomyia (New World)

Diptera

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21
Q

Phlebotomus/Lutzomyia host

A

Warm blooded vertebrates

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22
Q

Phlebotomus/Lutzomyia ID

A

Hairy wings

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23
Q

Phlebotomus/Lutzomyia mouthparts

A

Piercing mouthparts (female)

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24
Q

Simulium spp ID

A

Hunchback on thorax

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25
Importance of Phlebotomus/Lutzomyia
Intermediate hosts for Leishmania (protozoan)
26
LC of Phlebotomus/Lutzomyia
Complex metamorphosis | Egg->larva->pupa->adult
27
Phlebotomus/Lutzomyia zoonotic
No
28
"Biting midges" or "sandflies" | -give order
Culicoides spp | -diptera
29
Culicoides spp host
Warm blooded animals
30
Culicoides spp habitat
Still water
31
Culicoides spp ID
Buffalo humped thorax like Simulium but smaller and have MOTTLED wings with fine hairs
32
Culicoides spp LC
egg->Larvae->pupae->adult
33
Culicoides WIWPHTH
Allergic reaction/inflammatory response "sweat itch" in horses
34
Culicoides Zoonotic
No
35
Mosquito belong to what order
Diptera
36
Importance of mosquito
IM host for protozoan and filarial disease (malaria, elephantitis, yellow fever, encephalitides, West Nile, and heartworm)
37
ID mosquito
Tiny scales on wing veins
38
LC of mosquito
Complex metamorphosis | Egg->larva->pupa->adult
39
Zoophilous mosquito prefer
To feed from animals
40
Anthropophilous mosquito prefer
To feed from humans
41
Import mosquito genuses
Culex | Aedes aegypti
42
Culex spp are IM host and vector for
Avian malaria and west nile virus
43
Culex spp feeding preference
First half of LC feed on birds and 2nd half of LC feed on mammals (IMPORTANT VECTOR)
44
Aedes qegypti spp vector for
Yellow fever
45
Anophleles sppp importance
IM host for Plasmodium spp and gives malaria to humans
46
Largest Dipterans where females take blood meals
Tabanus spp | Chyrsops spp
47
"Horse fly" | -Order
Tabanus spp | -Diptera
48
"Deer fly" | -Order
Chrysops spp | -Diptera
49
Host of Tabanus and Chyrsops
Mammals
50
ID Tabanus
"Arnold Schwartzenegger" | BIG
51
Importance of Tabanus and Chrysops
IM host for protozoans and filarial parasites | Vectors
52
LC of Chrysops and Tabanus
Complex metamorphosis | Egg->Larva->Pupa->Adult
53
Mouthparts of Tabanus and Chrysops
Blade like
54
Importance of mouthparts of Tabanus and Chrysops
Mechanical transmission | "dirty mouthparts" transmit blood from one host to other
55
Tabanus and Chrysops zoonotic
No
56
Muscoid flies will have what important stage
Maggot as larval stage
57
Non-biting muscoid moutparts
Sponging
58
Biting muscoid moutparts
Bayonet
59
Non-biting muscoids include
Musca domestica Musca autumnalis Calliphora spp Sarcophaga spp
60
"The housefly" | -order
Musca domestica | -Diptera (non-biting muscoid)
61
Host of Musca domestica
Where humans, food, or feces are
62
Importance of Musca domestica
Transmits pathogens easily by picking up with sponging moutparts EXCELLENT VECTORS
63
LC of Musca domestica
Egg->maggot->pupa->adult Complex metamorphosis
64
"Face flly"
Musca autumnalis
65
Musca autumnalis host
Face Large animals
66
LC of Musca autumnalis
Egg->Maggot->pupa->adult | Complex metamorphosis
67
Musca autumnalis zoonotic
NO
68
"Blow flies"
Calliphora spp
69
"Flesh flies"
Sarcophaga spp
70
Sarcophaga/Calliphora spp are just like Musca domestica except they look
metallic | flesh flies have grey pin strip suit
71
LC of calliphora spp
Complex metamorphosis | Egg->maggot->pupa->adult
72
LC of sarcophaga spp
Modified complex metamorphosis | Lay maggots instead of eggs
73
Calliphora and Sarcophaga zoonotic
NO | but excellent vectors
74
What are examples of non-biting gnats
Hippelates spp
75
"eye gnat" "eye fly" "dog penis fly"
Hippelates spp
76
Hippelates spp host
Dogs, calves, pregnant heifers, lactating cows
77
Hippelates spp habitat
Genital organs, mucous/sabeceous secretions of animals
78
What do non-biting gnats have in common with non-biting muscoids?
Sponging mouthparts
79
Hippelates spp zoonotic?
NO
80
What are Dipterans where both male and females take a blood meal?
``` Glossina Stomoxys calcitrans Haematobia irritans Melophagus ovinus Pseudolynchia spp ```
81
Tsetse fly | -Give order
Glossina | -Diptera
82
Glossina host
Mammals but especially COWS
83
Glossina habitat
Africa
84
ID Glossina
Cleaver cell on wing | Bayonet-like mouthparts
85
Importance of Glossina
Spread African trypanosomiasis (protozoan) and causes NAGANA.
86
LC of Glossina
Modification of complex metamorphosis **BUT** Fly only lays ONE egg
87
Glossina zoonotic
NO
88
"Stable fly" or "Biting house fly"
Stomoxys calcitrans | Diptera
89
Stomoxys calcitrans host
Mammals with pointed ears
90
Stomoxys calcitrans ID
Looks similar to house fly BUT has bayonet like mouthparts
91
Importance of Stomoxys calcitrans
Mechanical transmission. Dirty mouthparts in multiple hosts allows for easy transmission of bacteria and parasites.
92
Stomoxys calcitrans zoonotic
NO
93
"Horn fly"
Haematobia irritans | -Diptera
94
Haematobia irritans host
cattle
95
Haematobia irritans habitat
Blankets cows day and night
96
Haematobia irritans ID
Similar to stable fly (Stomoxys calcitrans) but half size. | -Bayonet like mouthparts
97
Haematobia irritans LC
Complex metamorphosis | -Egg->Larva->pupa->adult
98
Haematobia irritans zoonotic
NO
99
Give the biting muscoids
Glossina spp Stomoxys calcitrans Haematobia irritans
100
Louse flies
Hippoboscid flies
101
Examples of Hippoboscid flies
Melophagus ovinus | Pseudolynchia
102
"Sheep ked"
Melophagus ovinus -Diptera (Hippoboscid fly)
103
Melophagus ovinus habitat
Wool and fleece of sheep and goats | PERMANENT PARASITE
104
ID Melophagus ovinus
Wingless | No neck monster
105
LC of Melophagus ovinus
Modification of complex metamorphosis | -Only retains one egg and gives birth to a larva
106
Melophagus ovinus zoonotic
NO
107
Louse fly of birds
Pseudolynchia spp -Diptera (Hippoboscid fly)
108
Pseudolynchia spp host
Birds
109
Pseudolynchia habitat
Feathers of birds
110
Pseudolynchia spp zoonotic
NO
111
Hemiptera bugs have how many wings
2 pair | 4 wings
112
Hemiptera LC
Simple metamorphosis | egg->nymph->Adult
113
Examples of genuses in Hemiptera
Cimicidae (Bed Bugs)\ Reduviidae (Assassin bugs) Triatominae (Kissing bugs)
114
Bed Bugs
Cimicidae | Hemiptera
115
Cimicidae host
Mammals
116
Can Cimicidae be a vector for disease?
NO
117
Assassin bugs
Reduviidae | Hemiptera
118
KIssing bugs
Triatominae | Hemiptera
119
Importance of Reduviidae
Predators of arthropods
120
Importance of Triatominae
Transmist Chagas disease
121
Pediculosis
Infestation of lice
122
Sucking lice
Anoplura | -Hemiptera
123
Chewing lice
Mallophaga | -Hemiptera
124
ID Anoplura
Head is narrower than thorax
125
ID Mallophage
Head is broader than thorax
126
LC of lice
Simple metamorphosis | Egg->Nymph-->Adult
127
T/F Lice are host specific
T
128
Mallophaga louse example
Damalinia ovis
129
Anoplura louse examle
Linognathus vituli
130
Mites serve as IM host for
Anoplocephala and Moniezia spp
131
Acariasis
Infestation of ticks or mites
132
Non-sarcoptic mites we talked about
Pneumonyssus caninum Demodex canis Cheyletiella parasitivorax Trombicula spp
133
Nasal mite of dog
Pneumonyssus caninum | -Chelicerata-->Arachnida-->Acari
134
Habitat of Pneumonyssus caninum
Nasal sinus of dog
135
Pneumonyssus caninum zoonotic
NO
136
Walking dandruff
Cheylitella parasitivorax | -Chelicerata-->Arachnida-->Acari
137
Host of Cheylitella parasitivorax
Primarily on dogs, cats, rabbits
138
Mites that DO NOT BURROW
``` Cheylitella parasitivorax Trombicula Demodex canis Psoroptes cuniculi Psoroptes ovis, bovis, equi ```
139
Habitat of Cheylitella parasitivorax
Surface of skin
140
ID Cheylitella parasitivorax
Bell pepper shaped | Accessory mouthparts that look like hooks
141
Cheylitella parasitivorax LC
Four stages | egg->larva-->nymph-->adult
142
Cheylitella parasitivorax most severe in
2-8wk old puppies
143
Cheylitella parasitivorax zoonotic
NO
144
Chiggers
Trombicula | ->Chelicerata->Arachnida->Acari
145
Trombicula hosts
Mammals and birds
146
ID Trombicula
Don't burrow | Larval stage is only stage that is parasitic
147
Chiggers and humans
Larva bites and injects digestive fluid that liquefies host tissue
148
WIWPHTH Trombicula
Liquefies host tissue
149
Dx Trombicula
SF skin scraping
150
Trombicula zoonotic
NO
151
Follicle mite of dogs or demodectic acariasis mite
Demodex canis
152
Demodex canis host
Dogs
153
Habitat of Demode canis
Hair follicle of dog
154
Importance of Demodex canis
Part of dog's normal flora and associated with immunodeficieny. Spread from direct contact from dam to offspring
155
Demodex canis ID
Alligator/Cigar shaped
156
LC of Demodex canis
Egg->Larva->Nymph->Adult
157
Diseases with Demodex canis
Localized demodectic acariasis=young dogs Generalized demodectic acariasis= older dogs and more serious because can cause secondary bacterial infections
158
Dx Demodex canis
Deep skin scraping
159
Demodex canis zoonotic
NO
160
Sarcoptiform mites we talked about
``` Sarcoptes scabei Notoedres cati Psoroptes cuniculi Psoroptes ovis,bovis, equi Cnemidocoptes pilae Otodectes cynotis ```
161
Sarcoptic acariasis mites
Sarcoptes scabei | -Chelicerata
162
Sarcoptes scabei host
Mammals...but VERY host specific. Diff species for dff host
163
Mites that TUNNEL
Sarcoptes scabei | Notoedres cati
164
ID Sarcoptes scabei
Long, unjointed stalks
165
Sarcoptes scabei zoonotic
YES
166
Notoedric acariasis mite of cats
Notoedres cati
167
Host of Notoedres cati
Cats and sometimes rabbits
168
Notoedres cati habitat
Tunnels of epidermis
169
ID Notoedres cati
Long, unjointed stalks
170
Notoedres zoonotic
YES
171
Ear canker mite of rabbits
Psoroptes cuniculi
172
Psoroptes cuniculi habitat
Skin surface
173
Importance of Psoroptes cuniculi
Corn flakes | NON REPORTABLE
174
ID Psoroptes cuniculi
Long jointed stalks
175
Psoroptes cuniculi zoonotic
NO
176
Scabies mite of large animal
Psoroptes ovis, bovis, equi
177
Psoroptes equi, ovis, bovis
Skin surface
178
Psoroptes equi, ovis, bovis ID
Long jointed stalks
179
Importance of Psoroptes equi, bovis, ovis and WIWPHTH
REPORTABLE | WIWPHTH Sucks lymphatic fluid
180
Psoroptes equi, ovis, bovis zoonotic
NO
181
Otodectes cyanotis - Habitat/Host - ID
Found in ears of dogs and cats | Short and unjointed
182
Cnemidocoptes pilae
Long unjointed | Found on parakeet beaks and legs
183
Soft ticks we learned about
Otobius megnini
184
Spinose ear tick
Otobius megnini
185
Otobius megnini host
Mammals
186
host tick-Otobius megnini
1 host tick
187
Deer tick, black-legged tick, shoulder tick
Ixodes scapularis
188
host tick Ixodes scapularis
3 host tick
189
Ixodes scapularis host
mammals and reptiles
190
Most common vector of Lyme disease
Ixodes scapularis
191
ID Ixodes scapularis
Not ornate scutum | Long mouth parts
192
Brown dog tick
Rhipicephalus sanguines
193
Rhipicephalus sanguines is important vector of
Babesia canis and Ehrlichia canis
194
ID Rhipicephalus sanguines - # host - importance
3 host tick Most widely distributed tick in the world (especially in kennels) Short mouthparts
195
Cattle tick or Cattle fever tick
Rhipicephalus Boophilus annulatus
196
Boophilus annulatus - # host tick - Importance
1 host tick REPORTABLE Vectors Babesia
197
Lone Star Tick
Amblyomma americanum
198
Amblyomma americanum - # host tick - Importance
3 host tick | Long mouthparts
199
American dog tick
Dermacentor variabilis
200
Dermacentor variabilis - # host tick - Importance
3 host tick Ornate Short mouthparts Rocky Mt Spotted Fever
201
Hard ticks we talked about
``` Ixodes scapularis Rhipicephalus Boophilus sanguines Rhipicephalus Boophilus annulatus Amblyooma americanum Dermacentor variabilis ```

Parasitology (8 decks)

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