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Prosthetics > Exam I > Flashcards

Exam I Flashcards

1
Q

at what age does a typical 1st amputation occur

A

51-69

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2
Q

greatest age for amputation risk

A

65-85

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3
Q

are lower or upper extremity amputations more common?

A

LE

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4
Q

amputations in men occur greater for _____ than _____

A

trauma than disease

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5
Q

most common cause of amputation is

A

neuropathy and vascular conditions, followed by trauma

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6
Q

which disease is the most common contributing factor for LE amputation

A

PVD and PAD

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7
Q

common sites for arterial disease

A

popliteal, iliac, femoral and tibial artery

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8
Q

most common causes of death post amputation

A

DM
Cardiovascular disease
Renal disease

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9
Q

how long do you have as a window for revascularization

A

6-12 hours

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10
Q

window for replantation

A

3-6 hours

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11
Q

amelia

A

absence of an entire limbg

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12
Q

transverse deficiencies

A

Described by the level at which the limb terminates

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13
Q

longitudinal deficiencies

A

Reduction or absence within the long bone, but normal skeletal components are present distal to the affected bone

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14
Q

goal of replantation

A

functional grasp

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15
Q

goal of children’s prostheses

A

enhance the function of the limb for the most effective use of prothesis
and cosmetic replacement for missing limb

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16
Q

when do you introduce an UE prothesis to a child

A

4-6 months

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17
Q

when do you introduce an LE prothesis to a child

A

around 8-12 months

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18
Q

Myodesis:

A

anchoring of muscle to the bone

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19
Q

Myoplasty

A

attaching M/L and A/P compartment muscles to each other over the end of the bone

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20
Q

transfemoral ideal shape

A

conical

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21
Q

transtibial ideal shape

A

cylindrical

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22
Q

how long can a patient wear a shrinker

A

up to 6 months

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23
Q

how long is a rigid cast left in place post amputation

A

3 days

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24
Q

what is the objective of an IPOP

A

reduce the time without bipedal ambulation

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25
Q

what is the initial weight bearing status with an IPOP

A

toe-touch WB

26
Q

which compressive device may facilitate early discharge from hospital

A

IPOP

27
Q

which compressive device will facilitate residual limb shrinkage and faster desensitization

A

RRD

28
Q

after _______ PLS and PLP intensity, duration and sensitivity won’t change

A

6 months

29
Q

appropriate width and length of transfemoral bandaging

A

6 inch width, 2-3 lengths

30
Q

appropriate width and length of transtibial bandaging

A

4 in width, 2 lengths

31
Q

what is the wrap -wearing schedule for compression

A

24 hours/day, remove only for bathing or a dressing change, rewrap immediately, wearing during exercise but rewrap after,
rewrap every 4 hours or when compression on the distal limb is lost

32
Q

when should you wear a clean banadage

A

every day

33
Q

indications for PTB socket

A

medium to long residual limb length
need ease of donning
prominent anatomy

34
Q

indications for PTB-supracondylar

A

short residual limbs, increased ML support, anatomical, self-suspending

35
Q

indications for PTB- supracondylar suprapatellar

A

higher ML trimlines
increased ML stability
anatomical, self-suspending
anterior trimline prox to patella
indicated for very short residual limbs (tibial tubercle)
control knee hyperextension

36
Q

indications for joints and corset

A

increase L support decreased WB on residual limb
tri planar stabilization through knee
previous use

37
Q

pediatric patients are automatically K level _____

A

4

38
Q

which foot finds foot flat quicker

A

single axis foot

39
Q

which K level foot has multi-axial features

A

K2 and K3

40
Q

dynamic response feet are used for

A

K3/K4, variable cadence

41
Q

if patient complains of knee hyperextension, their heel may be too ____

A

short

42
Q

at the knee what moment to we create

A

varus, it will stabilize pelvis for leg advancement

43
Q

how do we create varus moment at the knee

A

inset the foot

44
Q

if you can see the pylon, you will set the pylon to be vertical at _____

A

midstance

45
Q
A
46
Q

What type of ankle disarticulation keeps the heel pad in place

A

Syme’s ankle disarticulation

47
Q

Procedure at the ankle that fuses the tibia and fibula together

A

Boyd and Pirogoff

48
Q

Advantage of a syme’s disarticulation

A

It is a WB procedure

49
Q

Advantage of Boyd/pirogoff procedure

A

Slightly better outcomes than Syme’s, more stability of the flap and vascularity, leg length is more symmetrical

50
Q

Where does a transfemoral amputation typically occur

A

Between middle and distal 1/3’s of the femur

51
Q

typical residual limb length of a transtibial amputation

A

12-15 cm

52
Q

______ cm of residual limb for every 30 cm of patient height

A

2.5

53
Q

What happens to nerves when they are severed

A

They can put out new tendrils and form small neoplasms/nerve ends (neuromas)

54
Q

_______ neuromas that are embedded are _____

A

Small, okay

55
Q

What happens to arteries and veins during an amputation

A

Ligated

56
Q

Neuromas may cause ____

A

Sharp and intense pain

57
Q

Incision for transfemoral amputation occurs in the ______ plane

A

Frontal

58
Q

Why do we place the residual limb into slight flexion

A

Increases the surface area

59
Q

Energy requires _____ as the length of the residual limb _____

A

Decreases

60
Q

The varus moment at the knee is accomplished how

A

Inset the foot and adduct the prosthetic by 5-7 degrees

61
Q

What components of the prosthesis are used for shock absorption

A

Foot and pylon

Prosthetics (1 decks)

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