Exam findings of cornea, iris, lens, AC Flashcards
Transillumination defects can only be seen with ____ illumination. Guttata is best seen with _____, and sub epithelial infiltrates are best seen with ____ illumination.
retro; specular reflection; indirect
_____ refers to corneal surface disorder, There is breakdown and damage to the epithelium. It stains with NaFl.
superficial punctate keratitis
What is SPK associated with
dry gritty feeling of there is something in my eye; photophobia; due to dry eyes, contacts, drug toxicity, trauma, blepharitis or conjuntivitis
Subepithelial infiltrates refers to an accumulation of ____ that leave the limbal area and go to the cornea
WBC
What is EKC
Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis; refers to follicles + subepithelial infiltrates. It is highly contagious
____ precipitates refer to inflammatory WBC deposits on the corneal endothelium. It is associated with intraocular inflammation due to iritis, ____, or post opt cataract or LPI surgery
Keratic; uveitis
What refers to white/bluish ring around the limbus? what if its brown around the limbus?
arcus - due to cholesterol leaking out and invading the cornea; melanosis
____ ____ of Vogt refers to
It has a chalky look
Limbal Girdle
What are the different reasons we use sclerotic scatter
- identify central corneal edema
- Central corneal clouding
- Fuch’s dystrophy
- determine the extent of corneal scars
What are the 3 different types of corneal opacities (scars)
NO MORE LIGHT
- Nebular; Viewed with SL; no effect on VA
- Macular: Viewed with SL; VA can be effected
- Leukoma; Naked eye; Significantly reduced VA
when is cobalt blue filter used
for dry eye eval, GPC, and RGP contacts. Also aids in detection of iron deposits in the K
What is the dark line typically between the lower pupil margin and inferior limbus, where lower lid margin meets the cornea
Hudson Stahli line; iron deposition line in the corneal epithelium
_____ ring is a curved pigmented line seen near the top/bottom of parallelepiped beam. It forms around around the base of the “cone” in keratoconus
Fleisher’s ring
What is corneal striae aka vogts striae
fine white lines deep in storm or DM seen in keratinous.
Patients who wear soft contact lenses can also develop _____. IT begins at ____ % of edema
striae; 7
_____ _____ ____are the remnants of the anterior portion of the tunica vasculosa lentis which is the vascular structure that nourishes the crystalline lens in utero
Persistent pupillary membranes
What are the four variations of PPM
- Iris to iris
- one end attached to iris, other not attached and is free floating
- iris to lens
- iris to cornea (rare)
- The peripheral portion always inserts into the iris colarette.
- Typically does not affect vision
- Present in 17-32% of population
The transparent medium of the eye exhibits the ____ phenomenon, that is submicroscopic particles become visible in a bright beam of light. Conical beam uses this phenomenon .
tyndall
Trace grade would have about ____ cells and no flare. Grade ____ would have about 26-50 cells and iris detail would be hazy
1-5; 3+
What is a severe intraocular infection…where pus develops in Anterior chamber
Hypopyon
What is hyphema
when RBC pooled and settle inferiorly in the AC. Associated with trauma or rebuses of iris
the red green filter is used most often for the ____ segment to evaluate the retina
posterior
This type of cataract begins closer to 40 and is characterized by a yellow hue. Leads to a myopic shift in refractive error
Nuclear Sclerosis
Where does the first sign of change occur with nuclear sclerosis
embryonic nucleus
