Exam Final Flashcards
What is goal of a shoe for a supinated foot and a pronated foot?
- Supinated: needs shock absorption for gastroc and soleus stability
- Pronated: needs rigidity and heel counter for control of pronation
Which exercises would be good for achilles tendinitis?
- Eccentric stretching, strengthening, and plyometric calve ex
- Concentric Calf ex
What is work conditioning?
Therapeutic interventions matching job activities in clinic(4-5 hours a day. Emphasizing safe body mechanics).
What is not indicated for ankle sprain?
- Plantarflexion/inversion (acute - active ROM of dorsiflexion/eversion
RSD = Reflex sympathetic dystrophy is also known as?
CRPS (Complex Regional Pain Syndrome)
What type of running injury displays stress fx, ITBS, and PF syndrome?
Repetition-Overuse injury
How does a foot with RA present?
- Hallux Valgus/bunion
- Pronated feet (often results in arthrodesis)
What type of running injuries is caused by restricted RANGE (lack of flexibility and mobility)?
- Tendonopathy
- Muscle strain
- Plantar Fascilosis
- PF syndrome
How should a baby be held with Legg Calve Perthes/Coxa Planar?
Hip Abduction using orthotics
When should a knee brace be worn post surgery?
Phase 1: 0-6 weeks (ex.meniscus repair)
Name the types of shoe LAST for each type of foot?
- High Arch = Curved LAST
- Normal Arch = Semi Curved LAST
- No Arch = Straight LAST
How should an overuse injury be treated?
Like it’s damaged since delayed dx will lead to consequences
What should be done for patellar femoral dysfunction?
- Stretch ITB/TFL
- VMO strengthening
(May have pelvic stability, severe pronation)
What treatment would you follow for a pt that is about to enter a work hardening protocol with a BP of 140/100?
- Do not recommended due to hypertension
What are the characteristics of an unstable pelvic fx?
- Multiple Fx (2 or more places. ORIF needed; may bleed to death)
- Crush Injury
- Acetabular Fx
What is the quickest way for medicine to be absorbed?
IV- Intravenously directly to blood
What is the best example for medicine half life?
- The rate at which the drug is cleared from the body
- The amount of time for 50% of drug to be eliminated
What are some characteristics and treatment strategies for Morton’s Neuroma?
Characteristics: - 3rd and 4th Interspace - Painful burning, catching, cramping (palpable in 30%) - Rarely bilateral TX: - Wider Shoes - Steroid Injections - Surgical excision (ROM, Mobilization, Modalities)
What injury is caused by direct contact to the lateral knee resulting in knee _____ stress?
- MCL injury (Valgus stress)
* Valgus
What type of running injuries are caused by too much LOAD (intensity, force)?
- Stress fx
- Shin splints
- PFS (patellar femoral syndrome)
What causes a gait with posterior trunk lean?
Compensation for weak hip extensors
What does NOT have to be done with meniscus tear?
- Surgery (can cause joint space narrowing and osteophytes. The middle 1/3rd is avascular. This is when surgery is needed. Patellar is opposite)
What injury would be caused by combining an external rotational force of the hip, valgus knee stress, and internal tibial rotation?
ACL TEAR
What are over worked Wrist Extensors known as?
Lateral epicondylitis
Why does a pt with s/p TKA have to exercise?
- Increase Strength and ROM (110 degrees flexion; get out of car and up stairs. Need at least 135 degrees flexion)
What should be used in a shoe for a pronated foot?
Heel Counter
A cadence of 160-175 steps/min is good for _____.
Running
THA is good for pt who are less active. T/F
True (THA typically last 10 years with 10-40% having loosening of components; so not as indicated for more young or active pt.)
What are the characteristics of a stable pelvic hip fx?
- Single Fx ( no surgery needed)
- No pelvic ring disruption
A pt with OA has a history of re fracture. What exercises should you not do? What is indicated?
- CKC (high impact)
- OKC (indicated)
What can we tell a healthy pt with a hip fracture for pt education?
- No drinking, smoking, or alcohol ( high risk fx with diabetes and steroid use)
What are some good desk ergonomics?
Individual:
- Sit up straight
- Rest eyes (break every 20 min)
- Stretch and move
- Problem awareness
During foot strike, having a long lever arm landing far from center of OF body increases loading rate and actually causes a braking action is known as?
Overstriding
What type of shoes would you need with a pes cavus foot?Why?
Curved LAST (supinated feet need shock absorption. Improves calf stability)
What are common Hip precautions ?
- Hip adduction
- Internal Rotation
- Flexion more than 90 degrees
What would least cause a hazard in a working environment?
?Too warm?
What is considered bad posture for running?
- Articular Imbalance
- Limited ROM (joint hypomobilty and soft tissue restrictions)
- Muscle imbalances
Reparative use of hand motion causes is known as?
DeQuervans
What exercises should follow a pt with TKA s/p 3 weeks lacking flexion.
- Patellar Mobilization
- Heel Slides
What is the best position for sleep in a pt with THA?
Supine?
What is the most common function of orthotics?
Decrease the speed of pronation
Disc replacement is an alternative for what?
Spinal Fusion
What are issues that elderly have with medications?
- Liver metabolism and renal clearance are slower (older)
- Acute/chronic kidney or liver disease (any age)
*hard to clear, will produce toxicity
What are the advantages and disadvantages of hip resurfacing?
Advantages - Less bone removal - Less chance of dislocation Disadvantages - Femoral neck fx - Aseptic Loosening (infection) - Metal wear
When should you not use CPM?
During sleep (Post op, few days after surgery, cast removal, phase 1 0-6 weeks “ex ACL”)
Does anticoagulant medicine have a wide or narrow window? Example. IV Herperin and Oral Cumadin
Narrow/Small window (Too much causes excessive bleeding and too little causes excessive clotting)
What will a runners rehab include? (5)
- Mobility
- Stability
- Power
- Recovery-Rest
- Form (B.M.)
Bicep tension overload and peel back are ways to get _____.
SLAP Lesion (during deceleration of elbow extension and during late cocking/acceleration, arm abduction and external pronation)
What is work hardening?
Therapeutic interventions matching job activities within multiple disciplines (4 hours a day built up to 8- half in therapy, half at work. 5 days a week).
What does an injection of corticosteroids do? What are the risk?
- anti-inflammatory for decreased pain
- Risk of osteoporosis, osteonecrosis, diabetes, and abnormal fat distribution
A pt presents with a rotator cuff surgery. What exercises do you not have to do?
- External Rotation
- ?
What are the options for Hallux Valgus tx?
- Bunionectomy
- Conservative : Improve gait/ROM/ balance and change shoes to wider toebox.
What is the tx approach and the characteristics of plantar fasciitis?
Tx: - Heel counter (-) - Manual Therapy (ex arch taping) Characteristics: - Worse in the morning - Tenderness of medial arch
What does Achilles’ tendon rehab depend on?
Eccentric calve stretching/strengthening, plyometrics, return to function and relative rest.
What type of shoe would you give to a pronated foot and a supinated foot?
- Pronated: Straight LAST w/heel counter
- Supinated: Curved LAST needs shock absorption
How would you test for ACL, PCL, or Torn Meniscus?
- Anterior Drawer Test (ACL)
- Posterior Drawer Test (MCL)
- McMurray’s Test (Meniscus)
What would you do for a student who needs work conditioning?
- Education on posture/mechanics (Flexion awareness)
- Discuss claim with worker/employer
What medication is for pain that is NOT an anti-inflammatory
Tylenol Acetaphetamine
The half life is the rate at which the drug is cleared from the body. If the half life is short what is the outcome?
Typically have to give multiple doses with shorter half life in elderly or decreased metabolic pt. (Can build up toxicity if no change in dosage as pt gets older)
Why is ankle arthrodesis better than TAA?
- AA last a lifetime (TAA can fail)
- More stable
What is the term used for subchondral bone death secondary to vascular insufficiency?
Osteonecrosis
What exercises should be avoided during HIP ORIF?
Aversion of flexion
What is a BOSU used for?
- Balance/proprioception
- LE Strengthening
- Ankle/Knee ROM
What type of shoes would you need with a pes planus foot?Why?
Straight LAST (pronated feet need control/stability. Heel counter provides control of pronation)
When falling on an hyper flexed knee what injury would you most likely have?
PCL Tear
