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PTA 210 > Exam Final > Flashcards

Exam Final Flashcards

1
Q

What is goal of a shoe for a supinated foot and a pronated foot?

A
  • Supinated: needs shock absorption for gastroc and soleus stability
  • Pronated: needs rigidity and heel counter for control of pronation
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2
Q

Which exercises would be good for achilles tendinitis?

A
  • Eccentric stretching, strengthening, and plyometric calve ex
  • Concentric Calf ex
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3
Q

What is work conditioning?

A

Therapeutic interventions matching job activities in clinic(4-5 hours a day. Emphasizing safe body mechanics).

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4
Q

What is not indicated for ankle sprain?

A
  • Plantarflexion/inversion (acute - active ROM of dorsiflexion/eversion
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5
Q

RSD = Reflex sympathetic dystrophy is also known as?

A

CRPS (Complex Regional Pain Syndrome)

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6
Q

What type of running injury displays stress fx, ITBS, and PF syndrome?

A

Repetition-Overuse injury

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7
Q

How does a foot with RA present?

A
  • Hallux Valgus/bunion

- Pronated feet (often results in arthrodesis)

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8
Q

What type of running injuries is caused by restricted RANGE (lack of flexibility and mobility)?

A
  • Tendonopathy
  • Muscle strain
  • Plantar Fascilosis
  • PF syndrome
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9
Q

How should a baby be held with Legg Calve Perthes/Coxa Planar?

A

Hip Abduction using orthotics

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10
Q

When should a knee brace be worn post surgery?

A

Phase 1: 0-6 weeks (ex.meniscus repair)

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11
Q

Name the types of shoe LAST for each type of foot?

A
  • High Arch = Curved LAST
  • Normal Arch = Semi Curved LAST
  • No Arch = Straight LAST
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12
Q

How should an overuse injury be treated?

A

Like it’s damaged since delayed dx will lead to consequences

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13
Q

What should be done for patellar femoral dysfunction?

A
  • Stretch ITB/TFL
  • VMO strengthening
    (May have pelvic stability, severe pronation)
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14
Q

What treatment would you follow for a pt that is about to enter a work hardening protocol with a BP of 140/100?

A
  • Do not recommended due to hypertension
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15
Q

What are the characteristics of an unstable pelvic fx?

A
  • Multiple Fx (2 or more places. ORIF needed; may bleed to death)
  • Crush Injury
  • Acetabular Fx
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16
Q

What is the quickest way for medicine to be absorbed?

A

IV- Intravenously directly to blood

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17
Q

What is the best example for medicine half life?

A
  • The rate at which the drug is cleared from the body

- The amount of time for 50% of drug to be eliminated

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18
Q

What are some characteristics and treatment strategies for Morton’s Neuroma?

A 
Characteristics:
- 3rd and 4th Interspace
- Painful burning, catching, cramping (palpable in 30%)
- Rarely bilateral
TX:
- Wider Shoes
- Steroid Injections
- Surgical excision (ROM, Mobilization, Modalities)
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19
Q

What injury is caused by direct contact to the lateral knee resulting in knee _____ stress?

A
  • MCL injury (Valgus stress)

* Valgus

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20
Q

What type of running injuries are caused by too much LOAD (intensity, force)?

A
  • Stress fx
  • Shin splints
  • PFS (patellar femoral syndrome)
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21
Q

What causes a gait with posterior trunk lean?

A

Compensation for weak hip extensors

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22
Q

What does NOT have to be done with meniscus tear?

A
  • Surgery (can cause joint space narrowing and osteophytes. The middle 1/3rd is avascular. This is when surgery is needed. Patellar is opposite)
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23
Q

What injury would be caused by combining an external rotational force of the hip, valgus knee stress, and internal tibial rotation?

A

ACL TEAR

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24
Q

What are over worked Wrist Extensors known as?

A

Lateral epicondylitis

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25
Q

Why does a pt with s/p TKA have to exercise?

A
  • Increase Strength and ROM (110 degrees flexion; get out of car and up stairs. Need at least 135 degrees flexion)
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26
Q

What should be used in a shoe for a pronated foot?

A

Heel Counter

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27
Q

A cadence of 160-175 steps/min is good for _____.

A

Running

28
Q

THA is good for pt who are less active. T/F

A

True (THA typically last 10 years with 10-40% having loosening of components; so not as indicated for more young or active pt.)

29
Q

What are the characteristics of a stable pelvic hip fx?

A
  • Single Fx ( no surgery needed)

- No pelvic ring disruption

30
Q

A pt with OA has a history of re fracture. What exercises should you not do? What is indicated?

A
  • CKC (high impact)

- OKC (indicated)

31
Q

What can we tell a healthy pt with a hip fracture for pt education?

A
  • No drinking, smoking, or alcohol ( high risk fx with diabetes and steroid use)
32
Q

What are some good desk ergonomics?

A

Individual:

  • Sit up straight
  • Rest eyes (break every 20 min)
  • Stretch and move
  • Problem awareness
33
Q

During foot strike, having a long lever arm landing far from center of OF body increases loading rate and actually causes a braking action is known as?

A

Overstriding

34
Q

What type of shoes would you need with a pes cavus foot?Why?

A

Curved LAST (supinated feet need shock absorption. Improves calf stability)

35
Q

What are common Hip precautions ?

A
  • Hip adduction
  • Internal Rotation
  • Flexion more than 90 degrees
36
Q

What would least cause a hazard in a working environment?

A

?Too warm?

37
Q

What is considered bad posture for running?

A
  • Articular Imbalance
  • Limited ROM (joint hypomobilty and soft tissue restrictions)
  • Muscle imbalances
38
Q

Reparative use of hand motion causes is known as?

A

DeQuervans

39
Q

What exercises should follow a pt with TKA s/p 3 weeks lacking flexion.

A
  • Patellar Mobilization

- Heel Slides

40
Q

What is the best position for sleep in a pt with THA?

A

Supine?

41
Q

What is the most common function of orthotics?

A

Decrease the speed of pronation

42
Q

Disc replacement is an alternative for what?

A

Spinal Fusion

43
Q

What are issues that elderly have with medications?

A
  • Liver metabolism and renal clearance are slower (older)
  • Acute/chronic kidney or liver disease (any age)

*hard to clear, will produce toxicity

44
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of hip resurfacing?

A 
Advantages
- Less bone removal
- Less chance of dislocation
Disadvantages
- Femoral neck fx
- Aseptic Loosening (infection)
- Metal wear
45
Q

When should you not use CPM?

A

During sleep (Post op, few days after surgery, cast removal, phase 1 0-6 weeks “ex ACL”)

46
Q

Does anticoagulant medicine have a wide or narrow window? Example. IV Herperin and Oral Cumadin

A

Narrow/Small window (Too much causes excessive bleeding and too little causes excessive clotting)

47
Q

What will a runners rehab include? (5)

A
  • Mobility
  • Stability
  • Power
  • Recovery-Rest
  • Form (B.M.)
48
Q

Bicep tension overload and peel back are ways to get _____.

A

SLAP Lesion (during deceleration of elbow extension and during late cocking/acceleration, arm abduction and external pronation)

49
Q

What is work hardening?

A

Therapeutic interventions matching job activities within multiple disciplines (4 hours a day built up to 8- half in therapy, half at work. 5 days a week).

50
Q

What does an injection of corticosteroids do? What are the risk?

A
  • anti-inflammatory for decreased pain

- Risk of osteoporosis, osteonecrosis, diabetes, and abnormal fat distribution

51
Q

A pt presents with a rotator cuff surgery. What exercises do you not have to do?

A
  • External Rotation

- ?

52
Q

What are the options for Hallux Valgus tx?

A
  • Bunionectomy

- Conservative : Improve gait/ROM/ balance and change shoes to wider toebox.

53
Q

What is the tx approach and the characteristics of plantar fasciitis?

A 
Tx:
- Heel counter (-)
- Manual Therapy (ex arch taping)
Characteristics:
- Worse in the morning 
- Tenderness of medial arch
54
Q

What does Achilles’ tendon rehab depend on?

A

Eccentric calve stretching/strengthening, plyometrics, return to function and relative rest.

55
Q

What type of shoe would you give to a pronated foot and a supinated foot?

A
  • Pronated: Straight LAST w/heel counter

- Supinated: Curved LAST needs shock absorption

56
Q

How would you test for ACL, PCL, or Torn Meniscus?

A
  • Anterior Drawer Test (ACL)
  • Posterior Drawer Test (MCL)
  • McMurray’s Test (Meniscus)
57
Q

What would you do for a student who needs work conditioning?

A
  • Education on posture/mechanics (Flexion awareness)

- Discuss claim with worker/employer

58
Q

What medication is for pain that is NOT an anti-inflammatory

A

Tylenol Acetaphetamine

59
Q

The half life is the rate at which the drug is cleared from the body. If the half life is short what is the outcome?

A

Typically have to give multiple doses with shorter half life in elderly or decreased metabolic pt. (Can build up toxicity if no change in dosage as pt gets older)

60
Q

Why is ankle arthrodesis better than TAA?

A
  • AA last a lifetime (TAA can fail)

- More stable

61
Q

What is the term used for subchondral bone death secondary to vascular insufficiency?

A

Osteonecrosis

62
Q

What exercises should be avoided during HIP ORIF?

A

Aversion of flexion

63
Q

What is a BOSU used for?

A
  • Balance/proprioception
  • LE Strengthening
  • Ankle/Knee ROM
64
Q

What type of shoes would you need with a pes planus foot?Why?

A

Straight LAST (pronated feet need control/stability. Heel counter provides control of pronation)

65
Q

When falling on an hyper flexed knee what injury would you most likely have?

A

PCL Tear

PTA 210 (4 decks)

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