Exam Definitions Flashcards
Health
A state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
Physical Health
Refers to the efficient functioning of the body and it’s systems, and includes the physical capacity to perform tasks and physical fitness
Mental Health
A state of wellbeing in which the individual realises his or her own potential, can cope with normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully and can make a contribution to the community
Social Health
Being able to interact with others and participate in the community in both an independent and corporative way
Emergency Aid
Is rapid assistance given people or a country in immediate distress to relieve suffering during and after a human made emergency, such as war, or a natural disaster, such as a flood
Biomedical model of health
An approach that treats people once symptoms of ill health are present
Social model of health
An approach to health that attempts to address the broader influences on health, rather than the disease or injury itself
Sustainability
Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
Life Expectancy
An indication of how long a person can expect to live, it is the number of years a life remaining to a person at a particular age if death rates do not change
Human Development
Creating an environment in which people can develop to their full potential, lead productive, creative lives according to their needs and interests
Sanitation
The process of eliminating contact between humans and hazardous waste, including human and animal faeces, solid wastes, domestic waste water, industrial wastes and agricultural wastes
Developed country/Developing country
A country that has (has not) progressed adequately with regard to economic, mortality and demographic indicators
Health Status
An individual’s or population’s overall health, taking into account various aspects such as life expectancy, amount of disability and levels of disease risk factors
Morbidity
Refers to the ill health in an individual and the levels of ill health in a population group
Mortality
Deaths in the population, the measure of the proportion of a population who die in a one year period
Incidence
The number or rate of new cases of a disease during a specific time
Prevalence
The number or proportion of total cases of a particular disease present in a population at a given time
Health Adjusted Life Expectancy (HALE)
A measure of burden of disease, based on life expectancy at birth, but including an adjustment for time spent in poor health
Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALY)
A measure of burden of disease, one DALY equals one year of health life lost due to premature death and time lived with illness, disease or injury
Burden of Disease
A measure of the impact of diseases and injuries, measuring the gap between current health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability