Exam Definitions Flashcards
Boiling point
The temperature of a liquid at which its vapour pressure equals the external atmospheric pressure
Temperature
The average kinetic energy of particles
Ionisation energy
The energy required per mole to remove an electron from an atom in the gaseous phase
Electron affinity
The amount of energy released when a neutral atom accepts an additional electron to form an anion
Electronegativity
A measure of the tendency of an atom in a molecule to attract a bonding pair of electrons
Mole
The amount of substance having the same number of particles as there are atoms in 12g of carbon-12
Molar mass
The mass in grams of one mole of that substance
Solution
Homogenous mixture of solvent and solute
Solute
The substance that is dissolved in the solution
Solvent
The substance in which another substance is dissolved, forming a solution
Molar concentration
The amount of solute per unit volume of solution
Intramolecular bond
Bond between atoms within molecules
Covalent bond
Involves the sharing of at least one pair of electrons by 2 atoms
Ionic bond
Involves the transfer of electrons to form cations and anions which are electrostatically attracted in an ionic crystal latice
Metallic bonding
The attraction between positive kernels and a delocalised sea of electrons