Exam Context Mock Flashcards
1
Q
What is the definition of health according to the provided content?
A
Health involves how you care for your physical body and how you react to it
2
Q
What are the key components of well-being?
A
Control of stress levels and maintaining a healthy diet
3
Q
How much physical exercise is recommended per day?
A
60 minutes a day
4
Q
What is the weekly exercise recommendation?
A
18 over 2.5 hours per week
5
Q
What is a significant aspect of mental health mentioned?
A
Positive mindset
6
Q
How can a positive mindset affect overall health?
A
It can positively influence overall health
7
Q
What are two factors related to self-perception mentioned?
A
- Self-confidence
- Self-esteem
8
Q
Fill in the blank: Health and well-being means different things to different _______.
A
[people]
9
Q
What does a positive definition of health include?
A
Physical fitness and mental stability
10
Q
What is the definition of health?
A
A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
It does not merely mean the absence of disease or infirmity.
11
Q
What does a negative attitude towards health imply?
A
Continuing bad habits such as drinking and smoking, assuming nothing will change
Example: Believing ‘it can’t happen to me.’
12
Q
Define holistic health.
A
A combination of good physical, social, and emotional well-being
It includes the absence of disease or illness.
13
Q
What is a holistic attitude toward health?
A
Addressing all your needs to achieve well-being
It emphasizes a balanced approach to health.
14
Q
What are the life stages of human development?
A
- Infancy: 0-2 years old
- Childhood: 3-8 years old
- Adolescence: 9-18 years old
- Early adulthood: 19-40 years old
- Middle adulthood: 46-65 years old
- Later adulthood: 65+ years old
These stages represent different phases of human growth and development.
15
Q
What does the ‘P’ in PIES stand for?
A
Physical health
Includes hygiene, regular exercise, and a balanced diet.
16
Q
What does the ‘I’ in PIES represent?
A
Intellectual health
Involves having a good education, mindfulness, and a good schedule.
17
Q
What does the ‘E’ in PIES signify?
A
Emotional health
Involves a healthy mindset, managing stress levels, and opening up to emotions.
18
Q
What does the ‘S’ in PIES relate to?
A
Social health
Involves social interaction, positive relationships, and a supportive social circle.
19
Q
Fill in the blank: Genetic inheritance can affect _______.
A
physical traits
Examples include eye color, skin color, hair color, and facial features.
20
Q
True or False: Some conditions and diseases can be passed down to the next generation.
A
True
Genetic conditions are inherited and can affect health.
21
Q
What are some examples of inherited physical traits?
A
- Eye color
- Skin color
- Hair color
- Head shape
- Hair type
These traits can be similar to those of a parent.
22
Q
What factors contribute to physical health according to PIES?
A
- Hygiene
- Regular exercise
- Balanced diet
These are essential for maintaining physical well-being.
23
Q
What aspects are included in emotional health?
A
- Healthy mindset
- Managing stress levels
- Opening up to emotions
- Social interaction
Emotional health is crucial for overall well-being.
24
Q
What are the two main types of factors that influence health conditions?
A
Genetic and environmental factors
Genetic factors refer to inherited traits, while environmental factors include external influences such as pollution and social settings.
25
True or False: Genetic disposition alone determines whether a person will suffer from a condition.
False
## Footnote
Both genetic and environmental influences play a role in health outcomes.
26
Fill in the blank: A person may be more likely to suffer from a condition due to their _______ or environment.
genetic predisposition
27
What is an example of a genetic condition mentioned?
Down's Syndrome
## Footnote
Down's Syndrome is caused by an extra chromosome and is a well-known genetic disorder.
28
What impact does pollution have on health according to the text?
It is an environmental factor that can influence health conditions.
29
What can be a social setting that affects health outcomes?
School environment
## Footnote
The school environment can affect mental and physical health through factors like peer interaction and stress.
30
Fill in the blank: Genetic predisposition combined with _______ can lead to a higher likelihood of health issues.
environmental factors
31
What does 'genetic predisposition' mean?
Increased likelihood of suffering from a condition due to genetic factors.
32
List two influences on health outcomes mentioned in the text.
* Genetic factors
* Environmental factors
33
True or False: A person's environment has no effect on their genetic conditions.
False
## Footnote
The environment can interact with genetic predispositions to influence health.
34
What is one effect of cystic fibrosis on Beth's physical health?
Cystic fibrosis causes excess mucus on the lungs
## Footnote
This affects breathing as she can't clear the mucus.
35
How does excess mucus from cystic fibrosis impact Beth's physical activity?
It makes it difficult for her to take part in regular exercise.
## Footnote
This is due to the impaired breathing caused by mucus buildup.
36
What is another effect of cystic fibrosis on Beth's health?
It affects her digestive system by leading to issues and concerns.
## Footnote
This is because she doesn't produce enzymes to break down food.
37
How does the digestive issue from cystic fibrosis affect Beth's daily life?
It requires her to take day-to-day medications and can restrict certain foods.
## Footnote
This is necessary to manage her condition and ensure proper digestion.
38
Define acute illness.
Acute illness comes on quickly, is shorter-term, and can be cured.
## Footnote
Examples include flu and sickness.
39
Define chronic illness.
Chronic illness comes on gradually, is longer-term, and cannot be cured.
## Footnote
Examples include cancer and dementia.
40
Fill in the blank: Cystic fibrosis can lead to _______ in the lungs.
excess mucus
41
Fill in the blank: Cystic fibrosis affects digestion by not producing _______.
enzymes
42
True or False: Cystic fibrosis only affects the respiratory system.
False
## Footnote
It also affects the digestive system.
43
List the three main components of a diet mentioned.
* Carbohydrates
* Protein
* Fats
44
What are macronutrients?
Macronutrients are nutrients required in large amounts for energy and growth.
## Footnote
Macronutrients include proteins, carbohydrates, and fats.
45
List the three main types of macronutrients.
* Protein
* Carbohydrates
* Fats
46
What are micronutrients?
Micronutrients are nutrients required in smaller amounts that are essential for various bodily functions.
## Footnote
Micronutrients include vitamins and minerals.
47
Fill in the blank: _______ are essential for growth and development but are needed in smaller quantities than macronutrients.
[Micronutrients]
48
What are vitamins?
Vitamins are organic compounds that are necessary for normal growth and nutrition.
## Footnote
They are classified as water-soluble or fat-soluble.
49
What role do minerals play in the human body?
Minerals are essential for various physiological functions, including bone health, fluid balance, and muscle function.
## Footnote
Examples include calcium, potassium, and iron.
50
True or False: Fats are considered a macronutrient.
True
51
What is fiber?
Fiber is a type of carbohydrate that the body cannot digest, important for digestive health.
## Footnote
It helps regulate the body's use of sugars.
52
What are carbohydrates?
An important source of energy for your body
## Footnote
Carbohydrates are essential for providing energy, especially for brain function and physical activity.
53
List examples of simple carbohydrates.
* Sugar
* Jam
* Cane
* Sweet
* Pop
## Footnote
Simple carbohydrates are quickly digested and provide immediate energy.
54
List examples of complex carbohydrates.
* Starch
* Dietary fiber found in potatoes
* Rice
* Pasta
## Footnote
Complex carbohydrates provide sustained energy and are often rich in nutrients.
55
Which type of carbohydrates is better for you, simple or complex?
Complex carbohydrates
## Footnote
Complex carbohydrates are generally healthier due to their higher fiber content and slower digestion.
56
Why do we need protein?
Proteins are needed to help you grow and repair tissues
## Footnote
Proteins play a critical role in bodily functions and are made up of essential amino acids.
57
What are some sources of protein?
* Egg
* Fish
* Meat
* Cheese
* Milk
## Footnote
These foods contain high-quality protein that supports muscle growth and repair.
58
What are fats and why are they important?
Fats are an important part of a healthy diet
## Footnote
Fats provide essential fatty acids, support cell growth, and help in the absorption of certain vitamins.
59
What types of fats are better for us?
* Monounsaturated
* Polyunsaturated
## Footnote
These types of fats are known to be healthier options compared to saturated fats.
60
What is the energy content in one serving (150g) of the packaged food?
1046kJ / 250kcal
61
What is the fat content in one serving (150g) of the packaged food?
3.0g
62
What is the salt content in one serving (150g) of the packaged food?
0.9g
63
What percentage of an adult's reference intake does 0.9g of salt represent?
15%
64
What is the typical energy value per 100g of the packaged food?
697kJ / 167kcal
65
What does the Eatwell Guide help with?
It helps to get a balance of healthier and more sustainable food
66
How many portions of fruit and vegetables should one aim for each day?
6-8
67
What types of drinks count towards hydration according to the guidelines?
Water, lower fat milk, sugar-free drinks including tea and coffee
68
What is the recommended daily limit for fruit juice and/or smoothies?
150ml
69
What are some examples of foods to include in the diet?
* Chopped tomatoes
* Potatoes
* Whole grain cereal
* Frozen peas
* Couscous
* Porridge
* Lentils
* Tuna
* Beans
* Chickpeas
70
What should one choose more of in terms of protein sources?
Beans and pulses, and reduce red and processed meat
71
What type of pasta is recommended in the guidelines?
Whole wheat pasta
72
What type of dairy options should be chosen?
Lower fat and lower sugar options
73
What type of oils and spreads should be chosen?
Unsaturated oils and spreads
74
What is the recommended daily caloric intake for an average adult?
2000kcal
75
What is the caloric intake for all food plus all drinks mentioned?
2500kcal
76
Fill in the blank: Choose foods lower in ______, salt, and sugars.
[fat]
77
True or False: The Eatwell Guide recommends eating more processed foods.
False
78
What is the total caloric intake recommended per day?
2500 kcal
## Footnote
This includes all food and drinks.
79
What is the significance of vitamins and minerals?
Nutrients needed in small amounts for proper body function
## Footnote
They help fight infections, strengthen bones, and regulate hormones.
80
List three factors that can negatively impact health.
* Poor diet
* Lack of exercise (sedentary lifestyle)
* Poor sleeping habits
81
How does exercise benefit the body?
* Improves strength
* Increases stamina
* Enhances suppleness
* Improves muscle and body tone
* Helps concentrate
* Relieves stress
* Promotes relaxation
* Increases feelings of well-being
* Encourages social interaction
82
Fill in the blank: Poor _____ can affect our health.
[diet]
83
True or False: Exercise has no impact on mood.
False
## Footnote
Exercise is linked to better mood and improved brain function.
84
What can a lack of exercise lead to in terms of health conditions?
Various health issues
## Footnote
Consider diseases at lower risk with regular exercise.
85
What are some mental benefits of exercise?
* Better mood
* Better brain function
86
What are the benefits of exercise for bones and muscles?
Stronger bones and muscles
## Footnote
Regular exercise contributes to the overall strength and health of bones and muscles.
87
What is the recommended amount of exercise per week?
150 minutes of moderate intensity activity or 75 minutes of vigorous intensity activity
## Footnote
This guideline helps improve overall health and fitness.
88
How is a sedentary lifestyle defined?
Using very little energy, typically involving a lot of sitting down and leading an inactive lifestyle
## Footnote
Common activities include office jobs, playing video games, or watching TV.
89
What lifestyle activities are associated with a sedentary lifestyle?
Office jobs, playing video games, watching TV, using public transport or car
## Footnote
These activities contribute to low energy expenditure.
90
What is nicotine?
A powerful, addictive drug found in tobacco
## Footnote
Nicotine is primarily responsible for the addictive properties of tobacco products.
91
How can drug misuse impact personal development?
Identify ways that your personal development can be impacted by misusing drugs
## Footnote
Drug misuse can lead to negative effects on mental, physical, and social well-being.
92
True or False: Smoking has harmful effects.
True
## Footnote
Smoking is associated with numerous health risks and negative health outcomes.
93
What is a common way bacteria can be passed from one person to another?
* coughing
* scratching
* fiddling your face
* sneezing
* touching spots
* not washing hands
## Footnote
These actions can facilitate the transmission of bacteria leading to various infections.
94
What can poor hand hygiene lead to?
A build-up of bacteria which may cause food poisoning, tetanus, sore throat, tuberculosis, meningitis, or syphilis
## Footnote
Proper hand hygiene is essential to prevent the spread of infectious diseases.
95
Define 'lifestyle factors'.
The choices a person makes every day
## Footnote
Lifestyle factors encompass various daily habits including diet, exercise, and substance use.
96
What are the effects of a healthy diet?
* Stronger immune system
* Helps maintain a healthy weight
* Provides energy for exercise and socializing
* Healthy hair, skin, and nails
* Reduced risk of serious health problems
## Footnote
A balanced diet is crucial for overall health and well-being.
97
What are the effects of an unhealthy diet?
* Weaker immune system
* Becoming overweight or underweight
* Lack of energy
* Can lead to health problems such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes
## Footnote
An unhealthy diet can significantly impact physical and mental health.
98
How does regular exercise benefit health?
* Stronger muscles and bones
* Helps maintain a healthy weight
* Increased self-image and self-esteem
* Release of serotonin makes people happier
* Reduced risk of health problems
* Can socialize as part of a team or club
## Footnote
Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining physical and mental health.
99
What are the effects of lack of exercise?
* Increased risk of joint problems
* May become overweight or obese
* Reduced self-image and self-esteem
* Increased risk of anxiety and depression
* Increased risk of health problems (e.g. type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease)
## Footnote
A sedentary lifestyle can lead to various health issues.
100
What health issues can smoking cause?
* Lung cancer
* Respiratory conditions
* Yellow skin, stained teeth, and wrinkles
* Increased anxiety
* Bad breath and risks to those around them
## Footnote
Smoking has numerous negative effects on both physical health and social relationships.
101
What are the effects of alcohol misuse?
* Damages the liver
* Can cause weight gain
* Increased risk of health problems (e.g. type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease)
* Can cause low mood and anxiety
* Can lead to poor judgment and relationship breakdown
## Footnote
Alcohol misuse significantly affects physical health and mental well-being.
102
What effects does substance misuse have?
* Can damage the liver and kidneys
* Leads to mood swings and increased anxiety
* Can reduce fertility
* Leads to poor judgment and risky behavior
* Can lead to breakdown of relationships
## Footnote
Substance misuse can have severe consequences for both physical health and personal relationships.
103
What lifestyle factor has a negative effect on Nabil's health?
Poor diet
## Footnote
Nabil has restricted certain foods for the past five years, affecting his nutrient intake.
104
How does Nabil's poor diet impact his physical health?
Lacks nutrients affecting immune system and energy levels
## Footnote
A poor diet can lead to decreased immune function and low energy.
105
What is another lifestyle factor that negatively affects Nabil?
Lack of exercise
## Footnote
Nabil's weight and growth patterns are affected due to insufficient physical activity.
106
What are the potential long-term effects of Nabil's lack of exercise?
Poor physical health, risk of osteoporosis and fractures
## Footnote
Lack of nutrients and exercise can lead to weak bones due to insufficient calcium.
107
Fill in the blank: Nabil's restricted diet has led to a lack of _______.
Nutrients
108
True or False: Nabil's lifestyle choices can lead to better bone health.
False
## Footnote
A poor diet and lack of exercise can lead to weakened bones.
109
What impact does Nabil's poor diet have on his immune system?
It weakens immune function
## Footnote
Nutrient deficiencies can compromise the body's ability to fight infections.
110
How does Nabil's lifestyle affect his ability to play football?
Inability due to poor physical health
## Footnote
Nabil's lack of nutrients and exercise limits his physical capabilities.
111
What specific nutrient deficiency is mentioned in relation to Nabil's health?
Calcium
## Footnote
A lack of calcium can lead to osteoporosis and increased fracture risk.
112
What are the short-term effects of stress?
* Feeling cold
* Less sensitive to pain
* More sensitive to touch
* Tense muscles
* Faster breathing
* Dry mouth
* Flared nostrils
* Wide eyes
* Pale face
* Body hair standing on end
* Faster heartbeat
* Urge to pass water (urine)
* Diarrhoea
* Sweaty hands
## Footnote
These effects are immediate responses to stressors.
113
What are the long-term effects of stress?
* Sleeplessness
* High blood pressure
* Irritability and becoming withdrawn
* Loss of appetite
* Heart disease/ulcers/eczema/asthma
* Poor circulation
* Nervousness
* Accidents
* Breakdowns
* Aching muscles/body tension
* Headaches
* Anxiety
* Violent tendencies
* Mood swings
## Footnote
Long-term stress can lead to serious health issues.
114
Fill in the blank: Stress occurs when you have to respond to _______.
[demands made on you]
115
True or False: Stress can lead to both physical and psychological effects.
True
116
What is one of the physical signs of short-term stress?
Faster heartbeat
## Footnote
This is part of the body's fight-or-flight response.
117
Name a psychological effect of long-term stress.
Anxiety
## Footnote
Anxiety can manifest as a result of prolonged stress exposure.
118
List three long-term effects of stress.
* Sleeplessness
* High blood pressure
* Mood swings
119
Fill in the blank: One short-term effect of stress is _______.
[tense muscles]
120
What can be a result of high blood pressure due to stress?
Heart disease
## Footnote
Chronic stress can contribute to cardiovascular problems.
121
What is a common response of the body during short-term stress?
Faster breathing
## Footnote
This response prepares the body for immediate action.
122
What can lead to respiratory system problems?
Smoking
## Footnote
Smoking is a significant physical factor affecting respiratory health.
123
What percentage of lung cancer cases are caused by smoking?
Over 70%
## Footnote
This statistic highlights the strong correlation between smoking and lung cancer.
124
What are some complications during pregnancy associated with smoking?
Premature birth
## Footnote
Smoking increases the risk of various complications during pregnancy.
125
What is substance misuse?
Using illegal drugs or using legal drugs dangerously
## Footnote
Examples include cannabis or cocaine for illegal drugs, and alcohol for legal drugs.
126
What are potential health risks associated with substance misuse?
* Coronary heart disease
* Heart attacks
* Complications during pregnancy
## Footnote
These risks emphasize the serious impact of substance misuse on health.
127
What can excessive alcohol consumption affect?
* Physical health
* High blood pressure
* Weaker immune system
* Stroke
* Weight gain
* Liver damage
* Cancer
## Footnote
Drinking more than the recommended limit can have severe consequences.
128
What is malnutrition?
Not eating enough food with a balanced range of nutrients
## Footnote
Malnutrition can lead to various health issues, including slow growth in children.
129
What are some effects of malnutrition in children?
* Tiredness
* Difficulty focusing
* Concentrating on school work
## Footnote
These effects can significantly hinder a child's academic performance and overall well-being.
130
Fill in the blank: Using illegal drugs such as _______ can lead to substance misuse.
[cannabis or cocaine]
## Footnote
These are common examples of illegal drugs.
131
Fill in the blank: Smoking is a major cause of _______ cancer.
[lung]
## Footnote
Lung cancer has a strong association with smoking.
132
True or False: Drinking more than the recommended limit can lead to liver damage.
True
## Footnote
Excessive drinking is linked to various forms of liver damage.
133
What are the health problems associated with smoking?
Smoking can cause lung cancer and respiratory conditions
## Footnote
Smoking can also affect people's clothes and create an odor which can negatively impact relationships.
134
How can smoking affect a person's appearance?
Smoking can cause stained teeth and wrinkles
## Footnote
This can result in a negative self-image.
135
What are the effects of alcohol and substance misuse?
Can affect memory and decision making, cause anxiety, mood changes, and loss of motivation
## Footnote
These effects can negatively impact relationships.
136
What health problems can arise from alcohol and substance misuse?
Reduced fertility, liver disease, and cancer
## Footnote
Using drugs when pregnant can affect the growth of an unborn baby.
137
What does the term 'finance' encompass?
Activities associated with banking, debt, credit, markets, money, and investments
## Footnote
It is a broad term that covers various financial services.
138
What factors influence a person's level of income?
Education, skills, qualifications, talents, work ethic, and credit score
## Footnote
The level of income can significantly impact health and wellbeing.
139
How do economic factors influence lifestyle?
Financial resources determine how much money we have
## Footnote
Not having enough financial resources can cause problems in a person's financial situation.
140
Fill in the blank: The level of _______ is mainly linked to education, skills, qualifications, and work ethic.
income
141
True or False: Substance misuse has no impact on a person's relationships.
False
142
What is a factor that affects people's socioeconomic status?
Wealth
## Footnote
Wealth influences access to resources and opportunities.
143
What occupations can affect an individual's socioeconomic status?
Employed or unemployed
## Footnote
Employment status can determine income and benefits.
144
What can some people claim from states if they are unable to work?
Benefits
## Footnote
Benefits provide financial support for those unable to work due to disability.
145
List the three social classes based on socioeconomic status.
* Upper class
* Middle class
* Lower class
## Footnote
Social class categorization is based on economic resources and status.
146
What are material possessions?
Objects that can be bought but are not essential to live on
## Footnote
Examples include luxury items like jewelry.
147
What type of diet is considered healthy?
A balanced diet
## Footnote
A healthy diet typically includes a variety of nutrients essential for well-being.
148
What is the role of exercise in health?
Exercise combats weight issues
## Footnote
Regular physical activity is crucial for maintaining a healthy weight.
149
What does an adequate income allow individuals to do?
Afford basic necessities and improve quality of life
## Footnote
Income is essential for meeting daily needs and accessing services.
150
What are some environmental factors affecting health?
* Pollution from chemicals
* Air pollution from industries
* Air pollution from transportation
* Noise pollution (e.g., traffic, nightclub)
* Water pollution from sewage and pesticides
## Footnote
Each type of pollution has distinct impacts on health and the environment.
151
True or False: Noise pollution can come from traffic and nightclubs.
True
## Footnote
Noise pollution is a significant environmental concern affecting quality of life.
152
Fill in the blank: _______ pollution includes contaminants from sewage and pesticides.
Water
## Footnote
Water pollution poses risks to human health and ecosystems.
153
What is a significant environmental issue related to farming?
Sand contamination from waste disposal
## Footnote
This contamination can affect soil quality and crop yield.
154
Which disease is associated with TE-COli?
Dysentery
## Footnote
TE-COli is a bacterium that can cause severe gastrointestinal issues.
155
What health issues can result from noise pollution?
Respiratory illnesses, asthma
## Footnote
Prolonged exposure to noise can lead to chronic health problems.
156
How does the area we live in influence our health?
It can affect exposure to pollution, noise, and disease risk
## Footnote
Environmental factors play a crucial role in overall health.
157
Fill in the blank: Unsafe _______ can lead to respiratory illnesses.
noises
158
What can increase the risk of pollution in living areas?
Lack of good security measures
## Footnote
Poor security can lead to higher crime rates, impacting health.
159
What is a common financial stressor that can affect mental health?
Income instability
## Footnote
Financial stress can lead to anxiety and other mental health issues.
160
Fill in the blank: Good quality _______ can reduce health risks.
housing
161
What is a potential consequence of unsafe crime in an area?
Increased pollution and health risks
## Footnote
Crime can deter community investment in health and safety.
162
What is an important factor that affects health outcomes?
Lack of education
## Footnote
Education influences awareness and access to healthcare resources.
163
What can lack of room for study lead to?
Poor academic performance
## Footnote
A conducive environment is necessary for effective learning.
164
Which environmental factor can lead to reduced quality of life?
Noise pollution
## Footnote
It can affect both mental and physical health.
165
Fill in the blank: Access to medical _______ is crucial for community health.
facilities
166
What are the potential impacts on health and well-being from imprisonment?
Impacts include:
* Support with required qualifications
* Limited opportunities for exercise
* Difficulty in gaining employment upon release
* Feelings of remorse
* Isolation from family and friends
* Increased risk of depression
* Loss of friends
167
What does 'P' stand for in the context of the impacts of imprisonment?
P stands for 'Potential impacts on health and well-being.'
168
What does 'I' refer to in the context of imprisonment impacts?
I refers to 'Impacts,' which include limited opportunities for exercise and support with required qualifications.
169
Fill in the blank: Being imprisoned can lead to feelings of _______.
remorse
170
Fill in the blank: A major social impact of imprisonment is the loss of _______.
friends
171
True or False: Imprisonment can lead to increased opportunities for socialization.
False
172
What emotional effects can result from isolation due to imprisonment?
Increased risk of depression
173
List some of the skills that may be limited due to imprisonment.
* Learning a skill
* Gaining qualifications
174
What is the significance of 'E' in the context of the impacts of imprisonment?
E signifies 'Emotional impacts,' such as remorse and isolation.
175
What does 'N' refer to in the context of imprisonment impacts?
N refers to 'Reflection,' indicating the time spent isolated.
176
What are some consequences of being cut off from family and friends during imprisonment?
* Increased feelings of isolation
* Heightened risk of depression
177
How can a person's culture affect their growth and development?
A person's culture and how they are treated because of it can affect their growth and development.
178
In what way can religion impact a person's choices and behavior?
Religion can affect a person's choices and behaviour.
179
What sense can religion provide to individuals?
Religion can give people a sense of belonging.
180
How can being part of a religious community benefit an individual?
It can help a person feel appreciated and accepted, improving their self-image and self-esteem.
181
How might a person's religion influence their lifestyle choices?
A person's religion may affect the lifestyle choices they make, such as dietary restrictions.
182
Give an example of a dietary restriction based on religion.
Hindus not eating beef.
183
What negative experiences can people face due to their religion?
Many people experience discrimination and social exclusion because of their religion.
184
How can discrimination based on religion affect children at school?
Children may feel excluded if their dietary needs are not catered for.
185
What feelings can result from social exclusion related to religion?
It can lead to feelings of isolation and a negative self-image.
186
How can religion assist individuals during difficult life events?
Religion can provide meaning to life and death and a community for support.
187
What is the traditional expectation of women's roles in society?
Traditionally, women were expected to stay at home and look after the house and children.
188
What has changed in gender roles over time?
Roles have changed, but women are still often expected to be more caring and nurturing.
189
What influence do gender expectations have on self-image?
Gender expectations can affect a person's self-image and confidence.
190
How can gender expectations influence educational choices?
They can influence which subjects adolescents choose at school.
191
What is an example of a career traditionally seen as a 'male' job?
Engineering.
192
What is an example of a career traditionally seen as a 'female' job?
Nursing.
193
How do gender expectations affect children's play?
Girls are often given dolls to play with, and boys are given toy cars.
194
What pattern do children often follow in friendships at school?
They mostly form friendships with people of the same gender.
195
What is gender identity?
A person's own sense of their gender
## Footnote
Gender identity may or may not align with the sex assigned at birth.
196
What does transgender mean?
When someone's gender identity is different from the sex they were assigned at birth
## Footnote
This term is used for individuals whose gender identity does not match their biological sex.
197
What does cisgender mean?
When someone's gender identity is the same as the sex they were assigned at birth
## Footnote
This indicates alignment between gender identity and biological sex.
198
Define non-binary or genderqueer.
When someone doesn't identify as either male or female
## Footnote
They may identify as both, neither, or as a different gender altogether.
199
What does gender fluid mean?
When someone doesn't have a fixed gender identity, which can change over time
## Footnote
This reflects a dynamic understanding of one's gender.
200
How can a person's gender identity affect their development?
It can lead to decisions like taking hormone blockers or cross-sex hormones
## Footnote
This can help align physical characteristics with gender identity.
201
What is the impact of expressing one's gender identity?
It can improve a person's self-image and self-esteem
## Footnote
Increased confidence can enhance focus on school and work.
202
What can lead to discrimination and bullying related to gender identity?
Lack of acceptance of people identifying with a different gender than their biological sex
## Footnote
This can cause emotional distress and affect relationships.
203
What is sexual orientation?
Who a person is attracted to
## Footnote
It encompasses emotional and physical attraction.
204
What are the types of sexual orientation?
* Straight: attracted to people of the opposite sex
* Bisexual: attracted to both men and women
* Lesbian: women attracted to the same sex
* Gay: men attracted to the same sex
* Asexual: lack of sexual attraction
## Footnote
There are additional orientations, and some may change over time.
205
How does sexual orientation influence relationships?
It determines who they are attracted to and form intimate relationships with
## Footnote
This is significant during adolescence and adulthood.
206
Why is understanding one's sexuality important?
It helps people understand themselves and their feelings towards others
## Footnote
This can lead to increased confidence and contentment in relationships.
207
What are the emotional consequences of discrimination based on sexual orientation?
It can cause stress, anxiety, and worries about rejection from loved ones
## Footnote
This is especially pertinent for children and adolescents.
208
Fill in the blank: Asexual individuals experience a _______ of sexual attraction.
lack
## Footnote
Asexuality is one of many sexual orientations.
209
What can exclusion from school lead to in children's development?
Children may fall behind on their learning, affecting their grades and future prospects
## Footnote
Exclusion can limit children's academic growth and opportunities.
210
How does exclusion affect children's social interactions?
Children may have less contact with their friends and become socially isolated
## Footnote
Social isolation can lead to negative impacts on emotional well-being.
211
What negative self-perceptions can children develop due to exclusion?
Children can develop a negative self-image and self-esteem issues
## Footnote
A poor self-image can hinder personal development and social relationships.
212
True or False: Exclusion can only have negative effects on children.
False
## Footnote
While there are negative consequences, exclusion might encourage some children to change their behavior and take their education more seriously.
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Fill in the blank: Exclusion might encourage children to change their _______.
[view/behavior]
## Footnote
This change can lead to a more serious approach to education.
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What are some potential long-term benefits of exclusion for children?
Encouragement to take their education more seriously
## Footnote
This could lead to improved academic outcomes in the future.
215
What activities might children stop participating in due to exclusion?
Physical education and school clubs
## Footnote
Participation in these activities is critical for social and physical development.
216
What is one factor that could have a positive effect on Susan's health and wellbeing?
Susan has support with day-to-day practical tasks.
## Footnote
For example, her friend visits her to help her order online shopping.
217
How does Susan's support with practical tasks benefit her physically?
It allows her to purchase food and other items needed to maintain her health.
## Footnote
This support ensures she has access to necessary resources.
218
What is another positive factor related to Susan's living environment?
Susan lives on the edge of a small town.
## Footnote
This location likely exposes her to less noise or light pollution.
219
How does living in a small town benefit Susan's physical wellbeing?
It enables her to sleep without being disturbed.
## Footnote
Reduced exposure to pollution can lead to better sleep quality.
220
What is one factor that could have a negative effect on Susan's health and wellbeing?
Susan has osteoarthritis and her mobility is starting to deteriorate.
## Footnote
This condition affects her ability to move freely.
221
What is a consequence of Susan's deteriorating mobility?
It is leading her to need a walking stick.
## Footnote
This indicates a significant decline in her physical capabilities.
222
What is unshing?
Unshing refers to a difficult point or challenge.
## Footnote
It can indicate a complex situation that requires careful consideration.
223
Who is Susan?
Susan lives in a one-bedroom apartment.
## Footnote
This detail highlights her living situation.
224
What type of house does Eric have?
Eric has a walling terrace house.
## Footnote
This type of house may present specific mobility challenges.
225
How does Susan's living situation impact her?
It makes it harder for her to move around.
## Footnote
This can affect her daily activities and overall well-being.
226
What specific daily activity might Susan struggle with due to her living situation?
Taking a bath.
## Footnote
This indicates potential limitations in her personal care.
227
Fill in the blank: Eric's house will make it _______ to move around.
harder
228
True or False: Susan lives in a two-bedroom apartment.
False
## Footnote
Susan lives in a one-bedroom apartment.
229
What is the significance of pulse rate?
Pulse rate is a physiological indicator of heart health and overall well-being.
## Footnote
It reflects how well the heart is pumping blood throughout the body.
230
What does BMI stand for?
BMI stands for Body Mass Index.
## Footnote
It is a measure that uses height and weight to assess body fat.
231
List three physiological indicators of health.
* Pulse rate
* Blood pressure
* BMI
232
What are common symptoms associated with high blood pressure?
* Dizziness
* Fatigue
* Risk of heart attack
233
What does waist-to-hip ratio indicate?
Waist-to-hip ratio is an indicator of fat distribution and potential risk for cardiovascular disease.
## Footnote
A higher ratio suggests a greater risk.
234
Fill in the blank: The maximum heart rate can be calculated as _______.
[220 - age]
235
What are some risk factors for obesity?
* High waist-to-hip ratio
* High cholesterol levels
* High blood pressure
* High glucose levels
* Liver function issues
236
True or False: Recovery pulse rate is a measure of how quickly the heart returns to resting rate after exercise.
True
237
What is the normal range for resting pulse rate?
60-100 bpm
## Footnote
bpm stands for beats per minute.
238
How can one quickly measure pulse rate?
By counting pulses for 60 seconds.
239
What is the relationship between age and maximum heart rate?
Maximum heart rate decreases with age.
240
What does the term 'cardiovascular risk' encompass?
* High blood pressure
* High cholesterol levels
* Obesity
* Poor liver function
241
What does the term 'tachycardia' refer to?
Tachycardia refers to an abnormally fast heart rate.
242
List two factors that can affect heart rate.
* Age
* Genetics
243
What is the term for the process of losing body water?
Dehydration
## Footnote
Dehydration can occur due to various factors including excessive sweating, inadequate fluid intake, or certain medical conditions.
244
What is a common issue related to drug use?
Drug misuse
## Footnote
Drug misuse can involve using prescription medications in a way not intended by the prescribing doctor.
245
What can contribute to a weaker body as people age?
Age-related factors
## Footnote
These factors can include loss of muscle mass, bone density, and overall physical strength.
246
What condition can be influenced by genetic factors?
Genetic conditions
## Footnote
Genetic conditions can predispose individuals to various health issues, including chronic diseases.
247
What is the term for a benign but abnormal growth rate?
Benign neoplasm rate
## Footnote
This refers to a non-cancerous growth that can still affect normal body functions.
248
Fill in the blank: _______ and sugar can negatively impact health.
Caffeine
## Footnote
Excessive intake of caffeine and sugar can lead to various health issues including increased heart rate and anxiety.
249
List some factors that can lead to health problems.
* Smoking
* Caffeine
* Sugar
* Lack of exercise
* Obesity
## Footnote
Each of these factors has been associated with a higher risk of chronic health conditions.
250
True or False: Exercise is beneficial for maintaining health.
True
## Footnote
Regular exercise contributes to overall physical and mental well-being.
251
What is peak flow?
A measurement of how quickly you can blow air out of your lungs.
252
What does peak flow measure?
The maximum expiratory rate in liters per minute (L/min) when air is expelled from the lungs.
253
What can affect your peak flow reading?
Narrow airways can lower your peak flow reading.
254
How is peak flow measured?
Using a peak flow meter.
255
What can a lower than average peak flow reading indicate?
Lung problems such as:
* asthma
* emphysema
* bronchitis
* cystic fibrosis
* lung cancer
* acute illness (e.g., COVID-19)
