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Pharmacokinetica and drug metabolism > Exam > Flashcards

Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What is the meaning of ADME-system?
A. The short discription of the pharmacodynamic findings
B. The initial letters of the major processes what the body causes to any drug after its administration
C. The other name of the multi-compartmental PK analysis
D. The name of the food-safety feed-back system

A

B. The initial letters of the major processes what the body

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2
Q 
What is the most important type of biological samples in PK-experiments?
A. Blood plasma
B. Urine
C. Milk
D. Serum
A

A. Blood plasma

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3
Q 
The code letter of the drug «disposition constant» in «non-compartmental» PK model
A. Alfa
B. Beta
C. Kel
D. AZ
A

D. AZ ( letter A is Lambda)

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4
Q 
Which statement is FALSE? When the clearence value (Cl) declines?
A. The AUC value remains the same
B. The AUC increases
C. Elimination half-life increases
D. Elimination rate constant decreases
A

A. The AUC value remains the same

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5
Q 
The most significant drug-transport mechanism in different organism is?
A. Active transport
B. Fascilitated diffusion
C. Passive diffusion
D. Phagocytosis
A

C. Passive diffusion

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6
Q 
The code letter of the drug distribution phase constant in two-compartmental PK model?
A. Alpha
B. Beta
C. Kel
D. AZ
A

A. Alpha

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7
Q 
The oral drug administration is difficult in this species due to neophobia
A. Poultry
B. Dog
C. Cat
D. Swine
A

C. Cat

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8
Q 
When the drug distributed only to plasma water, the Vd is?
A. <0.04 l/kg
B. 0.2 l/kg
C. 0.65 l/kg
D. >1 l/kg
A

A. <0.04 l/kg

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9
Q 
The code letter of the absolute bioavailability in a PK model?
A. F
B. AUC
C. Vd
D. Frei
A

A. F

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10
Q 
What value means the highest bioavailability of a given drug?
A. 0.7
B. 0.1
C. 0.01
D. 1
A

D. 1

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11
Q

Which statement is false?
A. A very low Vd-value may indicate extensive plasma protein binding of the drug
B. A very high F-value indicate excellent bioavailability
C. Decreasing of the Vd may result in lower maximum plasma level of drugs
D. Clearance is directly inversely proportional to elimination half-life

A

C. Decreasing of the Vd may result in lower maximum plasma level of drugs

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12
Q 
Large volume of GI, high crude fibre content of feed and very slow transit time is characteristic in?
A. Ruminants
B. Cats
C. Swine
D. Turkeys
A

A. Ruminants

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13
Q 
The code letter of the drug elimination constant in two-compartmental PK model?
A. Alpha
B. Beta
C. Kel
D. AZ
A

C. Kel

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14
Q 
The majority of the small ionic molecules are transported across the bio-membranes by?
A. Passive filtration
B. Active transport
C. Passive diffusion
D. Fascilitated diffusion
A

D. Fascilitated diffusion

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15
Q

Which statement is FALSE?
A. In elderly animals the Vd of the lipophilic drugs is higher
B. In newborns the process of drug metabolism is weaker
C. Strong dehydration increases the volume of distribution
D. In old animals the clearance-value is often higher than in young adults

A

D. In old animals the clearance-value is often higher than in young adults

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16
Q 
The code letter of the drug elimination rate constant in one-compartmental PK model?
A. Alpha
B. Beta
C. Kel
D. AZ
A

C. Kel

17
Q 
An inactive drug form that is converted to an active metabolite by various biochemical reactions once it is inside the body?
A. Metabolite
B. Substrate
C. Prodrug
D. Inhibitor
A

C. Prodrug

18
Q 
A measure of the extent of drug absorption for a given drug and route (0% to 100%)?
A. Bioavailability
B. Biotransformation
C. Distribution
D. Bioequivalense
A

A. Bioavailability

19
Q 
One or more biochemical reactions involving a parent drug. It occurs mainly in the liver and produces a metabolite that is either inactive or active
A. Absorption
B. Biotransformation
C. Drug transport
D. Elimination
A

B. Biotransformation

20
Q 
The barrier system that restricts the passage of various chemical compounds between the bloodstream and the central nervous system?
A. Intestinal epithelium
B. Mucous membranes
C. Blood-nerve barrier
D. Blood- brain barrier
A

D. Blood- brain barrier

21
Q 
During these processes the parent compund is converted into a more polar (hydrophilic) metabolite by adding or unmasking functional groups?
A. Phase I reactions
B. Phase II reactions
C. Elimination
D. Distribution
A

A. Phase I reactions

22
Q 
These inhibitors bind to the same binding site of the enzyme as the substrate?
A. Competitive inhibitors
B. Non-competitive inhibitors
C. Mixed inhibitors
D. Partial mixed type inhibitors
A

A. Competitive inhibitors

23
Q 
Conjugation processes with the endogenous substrate to further increase aqueous solubility
A. Phase I reactions
B. Phase II reactions
C. Elimination
D. Distribution
A

B. Phase II reactions

24
Q 
These inhibitors only bind to the enzyme-substrate (ES) complex, not to the free enzyme?
A. Competitive
B. Non-competitive
C. Mixed inhibition
D. Partial mixed type inhibition
A

B. Non-competitive

25
Q 
Which type of reaction missing in dogs?
A. Sulphate-conjugation
B. Glutathion-conjugation
C. Amino acid conjugation
D. Acetylation
A

D. Acetylation

26
Q 
A method for quantifying the amount of light emitted during a reaction is measured but there is no need for excitation light?
A. Microarray
B. Luminometry
C. Fluorometry
D. Spectrophotometry
A

B. Luminometry

27
Q 
After CYP-catalyzed oxidative desulfuration thiopental is formed into?
A. Pentobarbital
B. Morphine
C. Phenobarbital
D. Hexobarbital
A

A. Pentobarbital

28
Q 
These are microsomal enzymes?
A.  Monoamine-oxidases
B. Molybdenum containing oxidase
C. Alcohol-dehydrogenase
D. Monooxygenases
A

D. Monooxygenases

29
Q 
Especially in long-acting drug formulations, the elimination rate of the drug is limited by its absorption rate, so the elimination phase of the curves are not parallel for different formulations or routes of administration
A. Zero-order elimination
B. Non-compartmental kinetics
C. First order kinetics
D. Flip-flop kinetics
A

D. Flip-flop kinetics

30
Q 
The goal of this mechanism is to convert compounds into hydrophilic, readily excretable metabolites
A. Absorption 
B. Distribution
C. Metabolism
D. Excretion
A

C. Metabolism

31
Q 
One of the major routes of excretion is?
A. Milk
B. Saliva
C. Tears
D. Urine
A

D. Urine

32
Q 
If a medicine is readministered according to the half-life, the steady-state concentration in plasma will develop
A. Before the forth application
B. Before the second application
C. Between forth and fifth application
D. After the fifth application
A

D. After the fifth application

33
Q 
Disadvantage of per os administration
A. Variety of dose forms possible
B. Convenient administration
C. No need for sterile formulation
D. First-pass effect
A

D. First-pass effect

34
Q 
The Vd value of a drug is 1 L/kg. The required plasma concentration to achieve a desired therapeutic response is 30 mg/L. What is the loading dose for a dog with 15 kg body weight?
A. 3 g
B. 450 mg
C. 300 mg
D. 150 mg
A

B. 450 mg

35
Q 
Sublingual administration is useful for?
A. Drugs with high first-pass effect
B. Hydrophilic drugs
C. Drugs that do not really cross the blood-brain barrier
D. Drugs causing nausea or vomiting
A

A. Drugs with high first-pass effect

36
Q 
Which species have the shortest gastrointestinal transit time?
A. Omnivore
B. Carnivore
C. Ruminant
D. Other herbivore
A

B. Carnivore

37
Q 
The oral AUC is the 45% that of the IV AUC value and for oral administration 1.5-folds higher dose was used. What is the bioavailability (F) value of the drug?
A. 4.5
B. 0.45
C. 0.3
D. 0.1
A

C. 0.3

38
Q 
CYP450 enzymes are the most abundant in this tissue?
A. Brain
B. Kidney
C. Liver
D. Lung
A

C. Liver

Pharmacokinetica and drug metabolism (1 decks)

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