Exam Flashcards
A good coach will provide
A simulating environment that provides fun, while also catering needs for the visual learners
How would you coach a visual Learner
By giving them, demastrations where you provide key words to highlight fundamental components of the skill
What are the three categories that effect motor skills
Precision of movement, distinctive phase of movement, stability and predictability of their environment
What are gross skills
They are large muscle movements which are not very precise and include fundermental movements such as, walking, running, jumping
What are fine skills
They are movements that use the small muscles in your body and gernally need high levels of eye coordination, e.g playing the piano
What type of motor skill is a rugby tackle and why
It is a gross skill due to the large muscle groups needed and low level of precision
What is a open skill
It’s when the persons environment is constantly changing and involves an oppersitions player putting pressure and our player impacting there decision making and skill.
What is a closed skill
These skills are taken place in a stable, predictable environment and performer knows exactly what to do and when
What is a discrete skill
Describe skills are brief, well defined actions that have a clear beginning and end, while also being single specific skills. E.g a flick shot in a hockey penalty
What is a serial skill
They are a group of discrete skills all put into one skill to make a new complex movement
What is a continuous skill
They are a skill that has no beginning/end, (the end of one cycle of movement is the beginning of the next. E.g swimming
What is a simple skill
It is a skill that is straight forward and requires little concentration and cognitive ability.
What is a complex skill
It is when the skill requires a large span of attention because the skill is complicated
What are the 6 key factors that account for a skilled performance
Physiologically economic, good technuiqe, adaptable, anticipation, focused,consistent
What is signalled detection in sport
It is when a athlete can tell what an what to due to cues in the game. E.g the spin of a cricket ball
What is selective attention in sport
This refers to the athletes ability to block out un-wanted factors of the game, e.g crowds and other parts of their game environment that would effect their skill, and gameplay negatively
What is Anticipation in sport
It is when the athlete has the ability to tell what is going to happen next, e.g where a player is going to pass a ball or what skill they are going to use
What is timing in sport
It is when athletes have the ability to do skill or movement at the correct times, E.g passing the ball at the correct time so no one gets it except your team mate
What are the four steps to processing information in sport
Input,decision making,output,feedback
What are the five factors that affect an athletes signal detection
Ability of the senses, speed of cue, strength of cue, noise, level of arousal
What are the three stages of leaning(in order)
Cognitive, associative, autonomous
What is the cognitive stage of learning
It is when the skill is first being learnt and it involves the athlete forming a mental picture of the skill and movement
What is the associative stage of learning
It is when the athlete is linking the individual skills into a smooth action
What is the autonomous stage of learning
It is when the skill becomes automoatic and can be done imideatly with little to non pre thought towards the skill
What are the three sub concepts that are fundamental of biomechanics
Force, motion,momentum
What is a force
A force is a push or pull that alters the state of motion of a body. Forces also change the state of motion and or direction and the velocity of the body
What is a internal force
It is when the system of bones, muscles, tendons and ligaments act on one an other.
What is a external force
It is when a force is exerted from the out side of your body- by gravity or by contact with some other body part.
What is force summation
This is when the individual force produces a successive movement being added to create a larger total force
What are the different types of motion
Linear, non-linear, angular motion, General motion
What is linear motion
It is when all points of the body moves in parallel lines that are either straight or curved while travelling in the same distance/direction
What is angular motion
It is when the motion is referred to our body being around a type of fixed axis of rotation
What is general motion
It is the combination of linear and angular motion e.g person using a wheel chair
What is the formula to figure out how fast a person is travelling
Speed=distance (m) divided by time
What is the formula for velocity
Velocity= displacement/time taken
What is acceleration
It’s the change of speed in a given time
What is the best angle of release
45degrees
What are the factors that impact the difficulty of a task
Cognitive demands, motor demands, safety concerns, physical demands
What are the four most important parts to remember to do as a coach
Instructing, demonstraighting, applying, confirming
What are the three main points of feedback
Motivation, reinforcement of learning, change immediate performance
What are the three times you can give feedback
Prior to the skill execution, during the skill execution, post skill execution
What are the key factors to remember when considering the characteristics of a player
Age,fitness level,gender, cognitive compacity, culture,maturity
What does the brain help us with when we are learning or exacting a skill
Storing info, retrieving info, using info
What types of learning can be facilitated by technuiqe
Chunking, rhyming, visualisation, repetition
What are the two factors that effect timing
Physical factors, and psychological factors
What are the three key nutrients in food that are essential in providing energy to the body
Fats, carbohydrates, protein
How much kilojoules of energy does one gram of fat give
37 kilojoules
How many kilojoules do energy do you get from one gram of carbohydrates
16 kilojoules
How many kilojoules do you get from 1 gram of protein
17 kilojoules
What main nutrient to supply energy to the body
Carbohydrates
What is recommended daily intake of carbohydrates
45-65% of daily energy intake
List two food which are high gi
Cornflakes, honey
List two example of low gi- moderate sources
Rice, pasta
list two example Low gi - which are low sources
Apple yogurt
What is a high glycemic index carbohydrates
It is a carbohydrate that is easy for the body to break down into the blood
Where do most fatty food come from
Animal or plant sources
When is fat used during workouts
During sub-maximal or low level efforts
What are the four stages of atp
Digestion, muscle transmission, circulation, building tissue
When is the atp-cp system used
During high intensity workouts
List one advantage and disadvantage of the atp-cp
Requires no oxygen to break down,
Short duration- only lasting for 8-10 seconds
What type of exursies use anaerobic energy
E.g Sprinting and cycling, because it has a high intensity movement
The anaerobic system is also known as the
Latin acid system
Advantages and disadvantages of the aerobic energy system
Ad- uses oxygen during exercise
Dis- take time to be a dominant energy system
What is interplay
It is when all of your energy systems are being used at one but some might be more diminant than others
Acute responses in exercise in the respite ray system can be
Breathing rate, oxygen uptake, lung diffusion( how fast the oxygen moves from the lungs to the muscles)
Two acute responses in the circulatory system during workouts
Hate rate, cardiac out put (how much the heart pumps, blood flow to muscles
Acute responses due to exersice in the muscular system.
Muscle fibre requirement( the force needed to engage in the activity) and motor unit activity (increased muscular activity)
What indicates the amount of effort needed in exercise
Distance covered, intensity efforts, repetition efforts
What is the minimum amount of times an athlete needs to train a week
3 times
Recovery is important when considering intensity therefore
The more intense the effort is the greater need for recovery
Facts about short duration efforts
It only goes for 5-10 secs and has an effect on the heart for 95-100%
Facts about moderate duration
Last for 30- 120 secs and has a maximum heart rate of 85 -95%
Facts about long duration
It last from minutes to hours and has a maximum heart rate of 70-85%
What intensity does sprinters work at
High intensity efforts from 95-100%
What intensity does a endurance athlete go at
Sub maximal from 70-85%
What intensity does team player go at
High effort at times also having allot of recovery in between
What is progressive overload
When the athlete hits their maximum. Effort
High effort in training can effect the athlete with
Injury
Moderate effort in training can effect the athlete
Their greatest improvement in performance
Low to inadequate levels of effort can effect the athlete with
Little to no improvement
List the factors that can effect a tasks difficulty
Cognitive demands, motor demands, physical demands, safety concerns
What is feedbacks three main functions
Motivation , reinforcement of learning, change immediate performance
List the environmental factors that effect the physical or natural factors
Elements of weather, and the terrain
Envormental factors that effect manufactured or man made factors
Equipment used, facilities and their condition, rules on the activity
Environmental factors that effect psychological and emotion factors
Anxiety, goals/ expectations, coach personality, emotional factors
List the characteristics of a learner
Fitness level, cognitive capacity, gender, age, culture, maturity
What are the theee retentions of learning
Storing of info, retrieving info, use info
Technuiqes used to promote memory
Chunking, rhyming, visualisation, repetition
