Exam

Question 1

Six strong acids

Answer 1

Hydrochloric acid (HCl), nitric acid (HNO3), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), Perchloric acid (HClO4), hydrobromic acid (HBr), Hydroiodic acid (HI)

Question 2

Six strong bases

Answer 2

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), calcium hydroxide (CaCOH2), lithium hydroxide (LiOH), rubidium hydroxide (RbOH), cesium hydroxide (CsOH)

Question 3

Pyrophoric (definition)

Answer 3

Ignites spontaneously in air

Question 4

Peroxides (what is it and how does it decompose)

Answer 4

R-O-O-R linkages, unstable, decompose violently from shock, friction or heat

Question 5

What can readily form peroxides?

Answer 5

diiosopropyl ether, acetals, alkenes, aldehydes, amides, lactams, vinyl monomers

Question 6

Explosions due to wanting to make stronger bonds often due to…

Answer 6

organic molecules with high nitrogen and oxygen content that decompose to produce N2, CO2 and H2O

Question 7

Oxygen balance

Answer 7

The degree to which a compound can be oxidized

Question 8

DC

Answer 8

Direct current - flows in one direction as self potential

Question 9

AC

Answer 9

Alternating current - flows in both directions at a defined frequency

Question 10

Non-ionizing radiation

Answer 10

near ultraviolet, visibile ligh, infrared, microwave, radiowave

Question 11

Alpha and beta particles…?

Gamma particles and X-rays…?

Answer 11

Particles with mass and charge

Photons of high energy and electromagnetic radiation

Question 12

Alpha decay

Answer 12

Ejection of an alpha particle from nucleus (produces a daughter nucleus with two fewer protons)

Question 13

Beta decay

Answer 13

neutron in nucleus spontaneously changes to a proton and an electron and ejects the electron

Question 14

Common cryogens

Answer 14

CO2 - dry ice
N2
H2

Question 15

Three reasons to be mindful of waste

Answer 15

Environmental protection, safety, cost

Question 16

Three broad classes of waste

Answer 16

Chemical, biological, radiological

Question 17

Hazard

Answer 17

a potential source of danger or harm

Question 18

Risk

Answer 18

probability of suffering harm from being exposed to a hazard

Question 19

Exposure

Answer 19

coming into direct contact with a hazard or chemical that causes injury or harm

Question 20

Green chemistry

Answer 20

design and use of methods that eliminate health and environmental risk

Question 21

Incident

Answer 21

an unplanned and undesirable event that has adverse consequences

Question 22

Accident

Answer 22

Incidient

Question 23

Near misses

Answer 23

unplanned events that did not have severe adverse impacts

Question 24

Regulations

Answer 24

specific set of requirements to enact law

Question 25

ALARA

Answer 25

as low as reasonably achievable

Question 26

Select agents

Answer 26

chemicals or biological agents that can be used for terrorism

Question 27

Toxic substances control act

Answer 27

Tracks and screen cheicals produced in large quantities that are commercially available

Question 28

EPCRA

Answer 28

emergency planning and community right to know act

Question 29

Mutagens

Answer 29

produce genetic defects in humans

Question 30

Carcinogens

Answer 30

cause cancer in humans

Question 31

Reproductive toxicants

Answer 31

cause damage to developing fetus

Question 32

Target organ toxicants

Answer 32

attack specific organs and cause damage

Question 33

LD50

Answer 33

ingestion

Question 34

LC50

Answer 34

inhalation

Question 35

OEL

Answer 35

occupational exposure limit

Question 36

TLV

Answer 36

threshold limit values

Question 37

TWA

Answer 37

time weighted average

Question 38

STEL

Answer 38

short-term exposure limit

Question 39

PEL

Answer 39

permissible exposure limit

Question 40

REL

Answer 40

recommended exposure limit

Question 41

IDLH

Answer 41

immediately dangerous to life or health

Question 42

BEI

Answer 42

biological exposure indices

Question 43

RSP

Answer 43

radiation safety program

Question 44

Flammables (A B C D)

Answer 44

A - combustible material B - flammable liquid C - energized electricity D - reactive materials

Question 45

Pyrolysis

Answer 45

decomposition of a solid or condensed material by heating

Question 46

Flash point

Answer 46

Lowest temperature at which vapour near liquid surface can be ignited

Question 47

Autoignition

Answer 47

ignites in air spontaneously

Question 48

Principles of green energy (7)

Answer 48

- Select least hazardous chemical - Minimize hazardous features and optimise ability of compound to degrade to a safe product - Reaction proceeds using minimum energy - Use chemicals that are renewable as starting agents - Design reactions with high percent yield - Design procedures that make recycling reagents and solvents easy - Design procedures that eliminate waste or create waste that can be recycled

Question 49

Routes of entry/exposure

Answer 49

Ingestion Inhalation Skin and eyes Injection

Question 50

GHS

Answer 50

globally harmonised system of classifying and labelling chemicals

Question 51

Signal word

Answer 51

Danger or warning

Question 52

Hazard statement

Answer 52

Synopsis of main hazards

Question 53

Diamond rating system

Answer 53

0=least | 4=most

Question 54

GHS hazard rating system

Answer 54

1=most | 4=least

Question 55

CHP and CHO

Answer 55

chemical hygeine plan and chemical hygeine officer

Question 56

Risk level

Answer 56

severity of hazard x probability of exposure to the hazard

Question 57

NOAEL

Answer 57

no observable adverse effect levels

Question 58

Corrosive

Answer 58

destruction of skin

Question 59

Eye hazards

Answer 59

irreversible damage upon prolonged contact

Question 60

Sensitizer

Answer 60

Effects lungs or skin, causes hypersensitivity to chemical

Question 61

Heirachy of control

Answer 61

1. eliminate hazard 2. substitute the hazard for something less hazardous 3. isolate the hazard from people 4. engineer a safer way to work with the hazard 5. implement administrative requirements (e.g. training and supervision) 6. wear PPE