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Lab Management Issues > Exam > Flashcards

Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Six strong acids

A

Hydrochloric acid (HCl), nitric acid (HNO3), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), Perchloric acid (HClO4), hydrobromic acid (HBr), Hydroiodic acid (HI)

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2
Q

Six strong bases

A

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), calcium hydroxide (CaCOH2), lithium hydroxide (LiOH), rubidium hydroxide (RbOH), cesium hydroxide (CsOH)

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3
Q

Pyrophoric (definition)

A

Ignites spontaneously in air

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4
Q

Peroxides (what is it and how does it decompose)

A

R-O-O-R linkages, unstable, decompose violently from shock, friction or heat

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5
Q

What can readily form peroxides?

A

diiosopropyl ether, acetals, alkenes, aldehydes, amides, lactams, vinyl monomers

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6
Q

Explosions due to wanting to make stronger bonds often due to…

A

organic molecules with high nitrogen and oxygen content that decompose to produce N2, CO2 and H2O

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7
Q

Oxygen balance

A

The degree to which a compound can be oxidized

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8
Q

DC

A

Direct current - flows in one direction as self potential

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9
Q

AC

A

Alternating current - flows in both directions at a defined frequency

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10
Q

Non-ionizing radiation

A

near ultraviolet, visibile ligh, infrared, microwave, radiowave

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11
Q

Alpha and beta particles…?

Gamma particles and X-rays…?

A

Particles with mass and charge

Photons of high energy and electromagnetic radiation

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12
Q

Alpha decay

A

Ejection of an alpha particle from nucleus (produces a daughter nucleus with two fewer protons)

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13
Q

Beta decay

A

neutron in nucleus spontaneously changes to a proton and an electron and ejects the electron

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14
Q

Common cryogens

A

CO2 - dry ice
N2
H2

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15
Q

Three reasons to be mindful of waste

A

Environmental protection, safety, cost

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16
Q

Three broad classes of waste

A

Chemical, biological, radiological

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17
Q

Hazard

A

a potential source of danger or harm

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18
Q

Risk

A

probability of suffering harm from being exposed to a hazard

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19
Q

Exposure

A

coming into direct contact with a hazard or chemical that causes injury or harm

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20
Q

Green chemistry

A

design and use of methods that eliminate health and environmental risk

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21
Q

Incident

A

an unplanned and undesirable event that has adverse consequences

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22
Q

Accident

A

Incidient

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23
Q

Near misses

A

unplanned events that did not have severe adverse impacts

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24
Q

Regulations

A

specific set of requirements to enact law

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25
Q

ALARA

A

as low as reasonably achievable

26
Q

Select agents

A

chemicals or biological agents that can be used for terrorism

27
Q

Toxic substances control act

A

Tracks and screen cheicals produced in large quantities that are commercially available

28
Q

EPCRA

A

emergency planning and community right to know act

29
Q

Mutagens

A

produce genetic defects in humans

30
Q

Carcinogens

A

cause cancer in humans

31
Q

Reproductive toxicants

A

cause damage to developing fetus

32
Q

Target organ toxicants

A

attack specific organs and cause damage

33
Q

LD50

A

ingestion

34
Q

LC50

A

inhalation

35
Q

OEL

A

occupational exposure limit

36
Q

TLV

A

threshold limit values

37
Q

TWA

A

time weighted average

38
Q

STEL

A

short-term exposure limit

39
Q

PEL

A

permissible exposure limit

40
Q

REL

A

recommended exposure limit

41
Q

IDLH

A

immediately dangerous to life or health

42
Q

BEI

A

biological exposure indices

43
Q

RSP

A

radiation safety program

44
Q

Flammables (A B C D)

A

A - combustible material
B - flammable liquid
C - energized electricity
D - reactive materials

45
Q

Pyrolysis

A

decomposition of a solid or condensed material by heating

46
Q

Flash point

A

Lowest temperature at which vapour near liquid surface can be ignited

47
Q

Autoignition

A

ignites in air spontaneously

48
Q

Principles of green energy (7)

A
  • Select least hazardous chemical
  • Minimize hazardous features and optimise ability of compound to degrade to a safe product
  • Reaction proceeds using minimum energy
  • Use chemicals that are renewable as starting agents
  • Design reactions with high percent yield
  • Design procedures that make recycling reagents and solvents easy
  • Design procedures that eliminate waste or create waste that can be recycled
49
Q

Routes of entry/exposure

A

Ingestion
Inhalation
Skin and eyes
Injection

50
Q

GHS

A

globally harmonised system of classifying and labelling chemicals

51
Q

Signal word

A

Danger or warning

52
Q

Hazard statement

A

Synopsis of main hazards

53
Q

Diamond rating system

A

0=least

4=most

54
Q

GHS hazard rating system

A

1=most

4=least

55
Q

CHP and CHO

A

chemical hygeine plan and chemical hygeine officer

56
Q

Risk level

A

severity of hazard x probability of exposure to the hazard

57
Q

NOAEL

A

no observable adverse effect levels

58
Q

Corrosive

A

destruction of skin

59
Q

Eye hazards

A

irreversible damage upon prolonged contact

60
Q

Sensitizer

A

Effects lungs or skin, causes hypersensitivity to chemical

61
Q

Heirachy of control

A
  1. eliminate hazard
  2. substitute the hazard for something less hazardous
  3. isolate the hazard from people
  4. engineer a safer way to work with the hazard
  5. implement administrative requirements (e.g. training and supervision)
  6. wear PPE

Lab Management Issues (1 decks)

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