EXAM Flashcards
Excursionist
any person visiting a country other than residence and remains there for less than 25 hours, all visitors may be excursionists
stayover
stay more than 24 hours other than usual residence all visitors are not tourists
nature based tourism
a broad term that covers all tourism experiences on wild or nature environments
Cultural tourism
offers cultural attractions, about a countries or regions culture, tourists emersed in local culture etc
Adventure tourism
tourism that usually takes place in wilderness environments. Often the natural environment is a venue or backdrop for adventure activities and the focus is on the activates rather than the environment
Alternative tourism
small groups of people or individuals traveling to places that aren’t popular tourist destinations
Mass tourism
organized movement of large number of people to specialized locations
What are the two combination forms of ecotourism?
ACE and NEAT
*The opposite of the Dominant Western Environmental Paradigm is the _______ _________
Green Paradigm
- a soft ecotourist is likely to take a ____ trip
short trip
*ecotourism that fosters steady state sustainability is classified as _______
passive ecotourism
*The acronym ACE torusim refers to ?
Adventure, Culture, and ecotourism
- Soft ecotourists are typically _____ than hard ecotourists
younger
- A hard ecotourists likely to make own travel arrangements (T/F)
True
*what are the three S’s?
Sun Sea and Sand
*The green paradigm is associated with?
- cooperative structures
- Matriarchal and female
- humans and nature are equal
*From Rays 1996 study of consumers what percentage were cultural creatives or green consumers?
25%
*Ecotourism that has an objective preserving the existing situation is called
Steady state sustaimability
- the acronym NEAT combines two fields
of nature based ecotourism and Adventure- based toruism
*Which of the following is least typical of hard ecotourists and what would be associated with them?
they wouldnt have onsite services but they would have a biocentric focus, challenging expierences, and personal contact with the nature
- Early division in the environmental movement was between the resource conservationists and resource _____________
preservationists
*Which group is more likely to take an ecotourism trip
Urban
*ecotourism that promotes sustainable development is classified as _____ _____
active tourism
- the savanna biome is described as large expanses of grasslands with small patches of trees and shrubs(T/F)
True
*Wilderness as defined by the wilderness Act is land that is to be managed more by a ________ approach
Preservation
*Which of the following is a function of a protected area?
-recreation, preservation, conservation
- the term for the large exotic tourist attracting animals is _______ megafauna
charismatic
- what is the acronym for the organization responsible for monitoring the trade of endangered species?
CITES
*The festival of birds draws many ecotourists to which national park?
Point Peele
*Which category in the ICUN park classification system has the highest level of environmental protection?
I
*Tourists primarily interested in vieiwing large animals are described as ________
minimalist ecotourists
- many protected ares in less developed regions are protected areas in which regulations arent adequately enforced, a term for this is ?
paper park
- what is the african big five?
- Lion
- Elephant
- Buffalo
- Leopard
- Rhino
*Another term for the fact that the vast majority of all visits tend to be confined to only a small proportion of the protected area is the ______ rule
95-5 Rule
*What organization does the acronym IUCN represent?
World conservation union
*Which african country has outlawed hunting since the 1970s?
Kenya
*Weaver describes the ecotourism area that includes the serengeti plain south through to south africa as the _______
safari corridor
*Which IUCN category is least compatible with hard ecotourists?
V
*the process of restoring native vegetation to a site can also be called
site softening
*the distance at which a person can pass wildlife without disturbance is called the _______ distance
tolerance
*the process of channeling park use to specific areas to reduce impacts is called?
zoning
*an increase in the number of visitors that starts to impact on the experience of other ecotourists is an example of physical carrying capacity (T/F)
False
- the distance at which wildlife will move away from a resting position or their home is called?
flushing distance
*what are solutions to pressures on a fixed carrying capacity?
- visitor quota
- increased entrance fees
- redistribution of facilities
*on hiking trails tree damage and soil erosion shows which type of relationship?
linear
- in the video of the rockies which of the following was not discussed as a tourist opportunity
snow denning
- standardized construction along *Mediterranean coastlines is an example of aesthetic pollution (T/F)
True
*which of the following bests descries induced environmental recon structuring?
rural sprawl
- the loss of biodiversity is a warning that the
________carrying capacity has been exceeding
ecological
*the construction of boardwalks is an attempt to increase the physical carrying capacity (T/F)
True
*Another term for non native species that are introduced to a new region is _____ -______
invasive species
*the three components of the assesment section of an environmental impact assesment are establishing a baseline, prediction and _______
significance
*what is the term for the destruction of vegetation along a hiking trail?
trampling
- the first phase of island rehabilitation in the seychelles involved the removal of ______
rats
*island states account for approximately what percent of the worlds countries?
15%
*the process of recovering the original landscape by planting natural vegetation is called ecological __________
restoration
*the percentage of lost revenues globally through revenue leakage is estimated to be about
10
- the EEZ is another term for the :
exclusive economic zone
*The indirect economic benefits accuring to a destination through the internal circulation of direct tourist expenditures is called _________ ________
multiplier effects
*Endemism results from genetic drift that occurs when an area is isolated for a long period of time
true
*Which of the following is an example of a social cultural direct cost ?
elite alien value system, local inequaties, erosion of local control
*Following the creation of protected areas in belize support for these protected areas increased. In a mid 1990s survey it was found that the portion of community support that was attributable to ecotourism increased from ___ _______
from 45%-75%
*when a region is physically separated from other similar regions for a long period of time, there is eventually a change in the species of the isolated region. This is known as ______ _____
genetic drift
An indirect benefit of ecotourism is that it fosters a broader sense of environmentalism (T/F)
True
*The term for need to import goods for the ecotourist is revenue uncertainty (T/F)
False
*Once who travels to enhance their own status environmental credentials is called an _____ _____
EGO tourist
*using the terms primitive, traditional and unspoiled in marketing a site is a good initiatice to reduce the problem of neo colonialsm in hard ecotourism (T/F)
False
*Species of flora and fauna are particular to a place and are not found anywhere else are said to be ______
endemic
*The size of the ecotourism operation will increases because of
Familiarity and participation in the tourism distribution system
*Rain forests cover approximately what percentage of the earths land?
7%
*Ecolodges are located in ______ ______________
destination region
- A FIT traveler is most likely to depend on a tour wholesaler (T/F)
False
*Which of the following sectors has greatest importance in the ecotourism industry
Private sector
*Almost all transportation is part of the specialized ecotourism industry (T/F)
False
*A virtual internet tour of a rainforest could be called ___________ interpretation
off-site
- the tree house lodge is an example of a _________ building
vernacular
- in developed countries such as canada ecoutourism industries are associated mainly with the private sector
True
*Business plans typically begin with a broad _______ _________ that describes the essence of the business its fundamental purpose and its vision for the future
Mission Statement
*Which of the following is not an example of on site interpretation?
Websites
*Which of the following sectors has the least importance in the ecotourism industry?
Public Sector
*Which country’s have a rainforest ?
costa rica, bornea, brazil
*Which are part of the SWAT analysis?
- Strengths
- weaknesses
- Threats
*Which are reasons for failure of ecotourism industry?
lack of prior buisness knowledge, Strong connection or lifestyle centred on environment,
