Exam 7/8

Question 1

5 mechanisms of evolution

Answer 1

1. Selection
2. Mutation
3. Migration
4. Genetic drift
5. Non random mating

Question 2

Selection

Answer 2

Changes allele frequency

Question 3

Genetic drift

Answer 3

Allele frequency randomly changes over time

Question 4

Mutation

Answer 4

Introduces new genetic variation

Question 5

Non random mating

Answer 5

Mating based on traits, influencing which alleles are passed on

Question 6

Migration

Answer 6

Movement of alleles between populations

Question 7

Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium

Answer 7

-Allele frequencies will always remain the same
-No evolution
-5 mechanism NOT occurring
- and infinite population size

Question 8

Calculating allele frequencies

Answer 8

P^2 + 2Pq + q^2 = 1

Ex. P = 0.6 chance q = 0.4 chance

PP = (0.6)(0.6) = 36%
Pq = 2(0.6)(0.4) = 48%
qq = (0.4)(0.4) = 16%
——————————–
Ex. 10 PP 12 Pq 8 qq

10 + 12 + 8 = 30 total
30 *2 = 60 (for each allele)
P= 10 * 2 + 12 = 32
q= 8 * 2 + 12 = 28
P = 32
q= 28

32/60 and 28/60 = 53% P, 46% q

Question 9

Evolution

Answer 9

A change in allele frequencies over time

Question 10

Sexual selection

Answer 10

-Females limited by number of eggs
-Males limited by number of mates

-Males compete with each other, developing traits to hell them get a mate/win
-Females chose mates that offer something beneficial (care/genes)

-Some would rather have traits to mate than survive