EXAM 7

Question 1

a piece of literary work. It does not necessarily need to be written in the strictest
sense, as there are literary works that come in the form of spoken and sung stories, comics,
and pre-literary works.

Answer 1

Text

Question 2

the receivers of the text, as in, the individual or group that reads and responds to the message of the material.

Answer 2

Audience

Question 3

works that express ideas of permanent or universal interest, in forms of fiction and non-fiction, or prose and poetry. Such text may include non-written forms as well

Answer 3

Literature

Question 4

works that are imaginary in terms of characters, settings, events, and other elements. They may or may not be based on factual events and are typically written in prose form.

Answer 4

Fiction

Question 5

works that are presented as historical and factual truths.

Answer 5

Non-fiction

Question 6

a form of literature that follows the structure of natural speech, with fully formed sentences and paragraphs.

Answer 6

Prose

Question 7

a form of literature where words are arranged artistically, typically with attention to rhyme, rhythm, and symbolism.

Answer 7

Poetry

Question 8

the argumentation and analysis of literary text through different views that focus on the text’s purposes, principles, and perspectives.

Answer 8

Literary Criticism

Question 9

literature is taken as a form of knowledge that needs to be examined on its own, with all the necessary elements for understanding the text are
contained within the text itself.

Answer 9

Formalist Criticism

Question 10

the work is analyzed through understanding the facts of the life of the author, and how they have affected the events and themes of the text.

Answer 10

Biographical Criticism

Question 11

the work is analyzed through examining the historical
events that occurred within the context of writing the text, and how the zeitgeist influenced its themes.

Answer 11

Historical Criticism

Question 12

the work is analyzed with how sexual identity influenced the creation and reception of the text, most notably through a feminist lens.

Answer 12

Gender Criticism

Question 13

the work is analyzed with methods influenced in large part by Freud’s psychoanalysis, wherein characters, themes, and even authors, are examined with a focus on

Answer 13

Psychological Criticism

Question 14

the text is examined with how societal elements are represented in the work.

Answer 14

Sociological Criticism

Question 15

the work is treated to contain no meaning until unless a reader derives meaning from it, with the fundamental idea that literature is a transaction between the text and the mind of the audience.

Answer 15

Reader-Response Criticism

Question 16

the work is examined with a focus on how language is used in the text, not on what is said, in contrast to Formalist Criticism. Instead of finding unity in work, it explores the varied meanings and contradictions in the text. It rejects the assumption that language can
accurately represent reality.

Answer 16

Deconstructionist Criticism

Question 17

school of criticism that emerged in the 1970s that focuses on finding meaning in the act of reading itself and examining how individual readers or communities experience a literary text.

Answer 17

Reader-Response Criticism