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Grade 12 Photography > Exam \ > Flashcards

Exam \ Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 10 compositional techniques

A 
rule of odds
rule of thirds
rule of space
worms eye
birds eye
dutch angle
symmetrical balance
leading lines
point of power
framing
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2
Q

what is rule of odds

A

groups of 3,5,etc… frame subject with even number of elements

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3
Q

what is rule of thirds

A

subject is along one of the lines, horizontally or vertically

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4
Q

what is rule of space

A

leave some negative space for your subject to look, walk, run into

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5
Q

what is worms eye view

A

pic taken from below looking up– this can make the subject look powerful or threatening

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6
Q

what is birds eye view

A

pic from above looking down– this can make the subject look weak or fragile

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7
Q

what is dutch angle

A

pic taken on an angle– gives a feeling of tension or uneasiness; out of balance/unrest

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8
Q

what is symmetrical balance

A

equal distribution on either side

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9
Q

what is leading lines

A

interesting lines leading to the subject

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10
Q

what is point o fpower

A

intersecting lines from the rule of thirds

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11
Q

what is framing your subject

A

your subject needs to be “framed”… window or doorway or tree, etc.. draws attention to the subjects

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12
Q

what are the elements of design

A

line, shop/form, space, texture, value colour

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13
Q

what are the principles of design

A

dominance, balance, contrast, movement/rhythm, pattern/repetition, unity

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14
Q

what is aperture

A

your aperture opens up and lets more light into the camera sensor

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15
Q

what do the aperture numbers mean

A

f1.5 is big and has a very shallow depth of field, f16 is very small and has a very large depth of field

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16
Q

what is a contact sheet

A

a sheet made that has all the pictures you have taken displayed on it

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17
Q

what is cropping

A

reducing the size of an image to get rid of edges that are unwanted

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18
Q

what is a digital image

A

electronic snapshots taken of a scene or scanned from documents, such as photographs, manuscripts, printed texts, and artwork. The digital image is sampled and mapped as a grid of dots or picture elements (pixels)

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19
Q

what is exposure

A

exposure is the amount of light reaching a photographic film or electronic image sensor,

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20
Q

how do you adjust exposure

A

determined by shutter speed, lens aperture and scene luminance

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21
Q

what is a JPEG

A

a format for compressing image files

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22
Q

what is RAW

A

A camera raw image file contains minimally processed data from the image sensor of either a digital camera, image scanner, or motion picture film scanner. Raw files are named so because they are not yet processed and therefore are not ready to be printed or edited

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23
Q

what are pixles

A

a minute area of illumination on a display screen, one of many from which an image is composed.

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24
Q

what is natural lighting

A

lighting that comes from the sun and not artificial lighting

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25
Q

what is overexposure

A

overexposure is a term used to describe the process of exposing film to too much light, which results in the photograph being too bright. In digital photography, where there is no film, overexposure refers to a white-looking or washed-out image (overexposed image)

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26
Q

what is resolution

A

Digital cameras are identified based on their resolution, which is measured in megapixels. This term is simply a measure of how many millions of pixels the camera’s image sensor captures to produce the digital image. The more megapixels a camera captures, the more information it gathers

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27
Q

what is focus

A

when the subject is clear and not blurry

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28
Q

what is bokeh

A

aesthetic quality of the blur produced in the out-of-focus parts of an image produced by a lens. Bokeh has been defined as “the way the lens renders out-of-focus points of light”

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29
Q

what is noise

A

commonly-used term to describe visual distortion. It looks similar to grain found in film photographs, but can also look like splotches of discoloration when it’s really bad, and can ruin a photograph. Noise tends get worse when you’re shooting in low light.

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30
Q

how can noise be reduced

A

adjust ISO

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31
Q

what is the exposure triangle

A

three fundamental elements of exposure: aperture, shutter speed and ISO.

32
Q

what are f-stops

A

The f-number of an optical system such as a camera lens is the ratio of the system’s focal length to the diameter of the entrance pupil. It is a dimensionless number that is a quantitative measure of lens speed, and an important concept in photography. It is also known as the focal ratio, f-ratio, or f-stop. (aperture)

33
Q

what are the parts of a camera????????????

A

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34
Q

what is viewpoint

A

where the picture is being taken from

35
Q

what is warm/cool

A

when a picture looks too warm, it means it looks to yellow/orange
when a pic looks too cool, it is too clue/purple

36
Q

what is ISO

A

measures the sensitivity of the image sensor. The same principles apply as in film photography – the lower the number the less sensitive your camera is to light and the finer the grain. Higher ISO settings are generally used in darker situations to get faster shutter speeds

37
Q

what is clarity

A

Emphasizing texture. The Clarity slider in the Basic panel is a global adjustment – meaning that, moving this slider affects the entire image. A small but subtle boost to Clarity can lift just about any image

38
Q

what is contrast

A

Contrast is a tool that photographers use to direct viewers’ attention to their subject. There are two types: Tonal Contrast and Color Contrast. TC refers to the difference in tones from the lightest tone to the darkest tone, in other words, the difference in tones from white to gray to black

39
Q

what are the types of lenses

A

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40
Q

what is proximity

A

Principles of Design: Proximity. … Proximity in design simply means that objects near each other are seen as a unit. It really is that simple and it’s something you see every day.

41
Q

what is mode dial

A

A mode dial or camera dial is a dial used on digital cameras to change the camera’s mode. Most digital cameras, including dSLR and SLR-like cameras, support modes, selectable either by a dial or from a menu. (top of the camera)

42
Q

what is LCD panel

A

LCD, or Liquid Crystal Display, is the display technology used to create the screens embedded in the back of nearly all digital cameras. In a digital camera, the LCD works for reviewing photos, displaying menu options, and serving as a live viewfinder

43
Q

what is a lens

A

A camera lens (also known as photographic lens or photographic objective) is an optical lens or assembly of lenses used in conjunction with a camera body and mechanism to make images of objects either on photographic film or on other media capable of storing an image chemically or electronically

44
Q

what is focus ring

A

This is a ring on the lens body, which moves the lens elements inside the lens. By adjusting the position of the glass elements, the image produced by the lens can be brought into clear focus

45
Q

what is shutter button

A

In photography, the shutter-release button (sometimes just shutter release or shutter button) is a push-button found on many cameras, used to take a picture. … The shutter-release button is one of the most basic features of a handheld camera.

46
Q

what is memory cards (SD, CF)

A

Compact Flash (CF) or a Secure Digital (SD) cards to store your images. CompactFlash is a much larger card than Secure Digital, so the smaller camera form factor forces CF out (in favour of SD and the rest) earlier. … They offer the same storage and speed capacities, but CF cards are said to be more durable, and less flimsier than the smaller SD cards

47
Q

what is background

A

the back of a picture behind the subject

48
Q

what is shutter speed

A

Shutter Speed. … The faster the shutter speed, the shorter the time the image sensor is exposed to light; the slower the shutter speed, the longer the time the image sensor is exposed to light. If you are photographing a subject that is in motion, you will get different effects at different shutter speeds

49
Q

what is white balance

A

White balance (WB) is the process of removing unrealistic color casts, so that objects which appear white in person are rendered white in your photo. Proper camera white balance has to take into account the “color temperature” of a light source, which refers to the relative warmth or coolness of white light.

50
Q

what is sensor

A

An image sensor is a solid-state device, the part of the camera’s hardware that captures light and converts what you see through a viewfinder or LCD monitor into an image.

51
Q

what is depth of field

A

In optics, particularly as it relates to film and photography, depth of field (DOF), also called focus range or effective focus range, is the distance between the nearest and farthest objects in a scene that appear acceptably sharp in an image

52
Q

what is viewfinder

A

In photography, a viewfinder is what the photographer looks through to compose, and, in many cases, to focus the picture. Most viewfinders are separate, and suffer parallax, while the single-lens reflex camera lets the viewfinder use the main optical system.

53
Q

what is saturation

A

In graphics and imaging, color saturation is used to describe the intensity of color in the image. A saturated image has overly bright colors. Using a graphics editing programyou can increase saturation on under-exposed images, or vise versa.

54
Q

what is hue

A

Hue & Saturation Settings. Hue: Hue is the aspect of color which is described as “red” or “yellow” etc. It is one of the three main attributes of perceived color. The other two are saturation and brightness. Saturation: purity or strength of color, due to the absence of black, white or gray

55
Q

what is composition

A

Composition, the act of composing the image in the viewfinder, is a visual process of organizing the elements and individual details of a scene into a balanced and pleasing arrangement

56
Q

what is motion blur

A

Motion blur is the apparent streaking of rapidly moving objects in a still image or a sequence of images such as a movie or animation. It results when the image being recorded changes during the recording of a single exposure, either due to rapid movement or long exposure

57
Q

what is time-lapse

A

Time-lapse photography is a technique whereby the frequency at which film frames are captured (the frame rate) is much lower than that used to view the sequence. When played at normal speed, time appears to be moving faster and thus lapsing

58
Q

what is masking

A

If you can relate the word masking with the mask, it may make some sense. Why do we use a mask, to cover the face, right? So why would we use masking on a layer, to cover or uncover the content of any layer. With a mask you can control the transparency of a layer. But that is what opacity and fill is for, right? Yes, opacity and fill do control the transparency, but it works for whole layer. What if you would like to have only the right part to be transparent and the left part to be completely visible? That’s when masking comes into play.

59
Q

what is adjustment layers

A

The Adjustment Layers in Photoshop are a group of a super useful, non-destructive image editing tools that add color and tonal adjustments to your image without permanently changing its pixels. With the adjustment layers, you can edit and discard your adjustments or restore your original image at any time

60
Q

what is brushes

A

The Brush tool is a basic painting tool. It works like a traditional drawing tool by applying the color using strokes. It’s located in the standard Tool Bar and its default shortcut is the letter B. … Photoshop includes several built-in presets, that are in fact pre-made brushes ready to use

61
Q

what is opacity

A

refers to the opaqueness of an object. In computing, opacity is often used in graphics software to define how “nontransparent” an image is. In other words, the more transparent an image or image layer is, the lower its opacity

62
Q

what is ACR– Adobe Camera Raw

A

a pre-photoshop application that allows for basic editing

63
Q

what is panning

A

???????????

64
Q

what is double exposure

A

combination of two or more exposures to create a single image

65
Q

what are the types of lighting

A

split, Rembrandt, butterfly, loop, broad, short

66
Q

what is split lighting

A

Split lighting is a technique that produces a sense of drama to a portrait. This form of lighting is when half of the subject’s face is lit, while the other half is left dark. The light is evenly divided over the subject

67
Q

what is Rembrandt lighting

A

Rembrandt lighting is a lighting technique that is used in studio portrait photography. It can be achieved using one light and a reflector, or two lights, and is popular because it is capable of producing images which appear both natural and compelling with a minimum of equipment

68
Q

what is butterfly lighting

A

Butterfly lighting is one of the oldest techniques for lighting a subject. Named for the butterfly-shaped shadow that forms underneath the subject’s nose, this setup is a proven method to ensure your subject is well-lit in a pleasing manner.

69
Q

what is loop lighting

A

Loop lighting is one of the most popular lighting techniques due to its simplicity and suitability to almost all types of subject. The name ‘loop’ comes from the appearance of the shadow this type of lighting creates under the subject’s nose, shaped like a loop.

70
Q

what is broad lighting

A

Broad light is just the opposite of Short light. In the Broad Light setup, THe side that is getting the most light is the side turning towards the camera. This setup is less commonly used for portraits as it tends to make people look chubby

71
Q

what is short lighting

A

refers to when the main light illuminates the side of the face that is turned away from the camera. This lets light fall on the narrow side of the face leaving a shadow on the broad side of the face, which is facing the camera

72
Q

what is vignette

A

reduction of an image’s brightness or saturation at the periphery compared to the image center

73
Q

what is flare

A

When a bright light source is shining on the lens but not in its field of view, lens flare appears as a haze that washes out the image and reduces contrast. This can be avoided by shading the lens using a lens hoods

74
Q

what is dodge

A

manipulates exposure– brings it up

75
Q

what is burn

A

manipulates exposure– brings it down

76
Q

what are the types of cameras

A

SLR, point and shoot mirrorless

Grade 12 Photography (1 decks)

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