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Nur 103 > Exam 6/ FINAL > Flashcards

Exam 6/ FINAL Flashcards

1
Q

how is oxygenation defined?

A

how well the cells, tissues, and organs of the body are supplied with oxygen

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2
Q

what is in the upper airway

A

nasal canals, mouth, pharynx, trachea

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3
Q

what is in the lower airway

A

trachea, bronchi, bronchioles

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4
Q

how many lobes are in the right lung

A

3

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5
Q

how many lobes are in the left lung

A

2

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6
Q

what is the purpose of the airways

A

move air, moisten the airway, warm the air, filter the air

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7
Q

what is ventilation

A

movement of air into/out of the lings through breathing

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8
Q

respiration

A

exchange gases-oxygen/carbon dioxide, in the lungs

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9
Q

is expiration a passive or active process?

A

passive

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10
Q

is inspiration a passive or active process?

A

active

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11
Q

what are the major muscles of breathing

A

intercostal muscles

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12
Q

what factors affect ventilation

A

rate, depth, lung compliance, lung elasticity, airway resistance

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13
Q

inadequate oxygenation at the cellular level (body tissue)

A

hypoxia

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14
Q

the oxygenation of blood and elimination of carbon dioxide in the lungs

A

gas exchange

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15
Q

external respirations is the

A

alveolar capillaries

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16
Q

what is internal respiration taken?

A

capillaries and tissues

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17
Q

what is diffusion

A

exchange of respiratory gases in alveoli and capillaries of body tissues

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18
Q

amount of oxygen entering the lungs ——-
blood flow to the lungs ——-
rate of ——- affects oxygen-carrying capacity

A

ventilation
perfusion
diffusion

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19
Q

eupnea
orthopnea
Kussmaul’s
biot’s
Cheyne- strokes syndrome

A

12-20 resp. (normal)
difficult breathing when lying flat
regular increase rate; deep respirations
shallow respirations following apnea
the gradual increase followed by gradual decreases, followed by apnea

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20
Q

when caring for a client with COPD. which assessment finding is the earlier sign of hypoxia

A

restlessness

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21
Q

the nurs is assessing a patient with emphysema. which assessment finding requires further follow-up with the physician?
A. clubbing of the fingers
B. Barrel chest
C. hemoptysis
D. tachypnea

A

C.

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22
Q

when ventilation does not bring in enough oxygen or remove enough carbon dioxide the client is experiencing which respiratory alteration?

A

hypoventilation

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23
Q

a state of ventilation in which the lungs remove carbon dioxide faster than it is produced by cellular metabolism

A

hyperventilation

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24
Q

the flow of blood throughout the heart and blood vessels

A

circulation

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25
Q

the blood flow to a capillary bed to provide nutrients and oxygen to tissues and organs

A

perfusion

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26
Q

the med that reduces the workload of the heart

A

beta blockers

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27
Q

shortness of breath that awakens patients

A

paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

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28
Q

alteration in heart rate or rhythm

A

dyrhythmia

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29
Q

ventricular depolarization

A

QRS arrest

30
Q

the build-up of fluid in the abdomen

A

ascites

31
Q

the pacemaker of the heart

A

SA node

32
Q

the flow of blood throughout the heart and blood vessels

A

circulation

33
Q

dependent edema, JVD

A

right-sided heart failure

34
Q

supplies blood to the heart

A

coronary arteries

35
Q

heart enlargement, impaired heart contractility

A

cardiomyopathy

36
Q

chest pain lasting 3-5 minutes

A

angina pectoris

37
Q

lab test for cardiac damage

A

troponin

38
Q

oxygen transport abnormality

A

anemia

39
Q

single heartbeat

A

cardiac cycle

40
Q

edema, brown skin, discoloration, and tissue dysfunction

A

stasis ulcer

41
Q

pulmonary congestion, orthopnea

A

left-sided heart failure

42
Q

med given to dilate arteries

A

nitroglycerin

43
Q

facilitate exchange between tissue cells and blood

A

capillaries

44
Q

occurs when ischemia is not reversed

A

myocardial infarction

45
Q

plaque narrows the arteries

A

coronary artery disease

46
Q

sensitive to pressure changes

A

baroreceptors

47
Q

unmet oxygen needs of the heart

A

cardiac ischemia

48
Q

life-threatening heart rhythm

A

ventricular tachycardia (V tach)

49
Q

oxygen reservoir

A

hemoglobin

50
Q

cessation of heart function

A

cardiac arrest

51
Q

calcium channel blockers

A

block flow of calcium lower BP decreases strength of contractions, slow heart rate

52
Q

positive inotropic agents

A

improve heart-pumping action

53
Q

decrease hemoglobin production
increased red blood cell destruction

A

anemia

54
Q

when does myocardial ischemia occur

A

when oxygen requirements of the heart are unmet

55
Q

sudden decreases in coronary blood flow or an increase in myocardial oxygen demand without adequate coronary perfusion

A

myocardial infarction

56
Q

a transient imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand resulting in chest pain that is aching, sharp, tingling, burning, or feels like pressure

A

angina pectoris

57
Q

which medication might help a client with excess fluid retention that is causing edema?

A

hydrochlorothiazide, furosemide

58
Q

define nursing ethics

A

ethical questions that arise out of nursing practice

59
Q

morals

A

private, personal, group standards of right and wrong

60
Q

attitudes

A

feeling toward a person or object

61
Q

beliefs

A

something that one accepts is true

62
Q

values

A

belief about the worth of something

63
Q

what is negligence

A

failure to perform as a reasonable, prudent person would. (failure to follow practice)

64
Q

4 elements of informatics

A

data, information, knowledge, wisdom

65
Q

data is

A

unprocessed

66
Q

information is

A

the grouping of processed data

67
Q

knowledge is

A

meaningful information created by grouping

68
Q

wisdom is

A

appropriate use of knowledge

69
Q

what are the benefits of electronic health records

A

improves efficiency, productivity, and continuity care
privacy
improves accessibility

70
Q

informatics and nursing practice

A

facilitates evidence-based practice

71
Q

a nurse observes a nursing assistant personnel fail to wash her hands. what should the nurse do when providing negative feedback?

A

offer constructive criticism about the task in private

72
Q

at a recent nurse staff meeting, the CNO announced that all staff will work 12 hours shifts. what type of leadership is the CNO displaying?

A

authoritarian

Nur 103 (4 decks)

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