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Exam 6 πŸ‘ΆπŸΌπŸ‘΅πŸΌ > exam 6 > Flashcards

exam 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Braxton-hicks contractions

A
  • False labor that increases in intensity and frequency but does not cause cervical changes
  • Virtually impossible to distinguish between true and false in the field
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2
Q

Gestational diabetes

A
  • Condition in which diabetes presents during pregnancy, most common in third trimester
    • women with gestational diabetes are at risk of eclampsia
    • Neonates of mothers with gestational diabetes will be larger
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3
Q

Placenta Previa

A
  • Abnormal implantation of the placenta on lower half of uterine wall
  • Contractions pull placenta from uterine wall
  • Painless third-trimester bleeding
  • Can be total or partial
  • Can prevent vaginal delivery
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4
Q

Abruption placentae

A
  • can be caused by trauma, young maternal age, or substance use
  • Premature separation of a normally implanted placenta from uterine wall
    • Pain
    • Hemorrhage
    • Fetal Hypoxia
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5
Q

Uterine rupture

A
  • Tearing or rupture of the uterus, life threatening for child and mother
  • Can occur with onset of labor or prior due to ABD trauma
  • Severe Abdominal pain and shock
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6
Q

Preeclampsia and signs

A
  • Related complications of pregnancy related by hypertension (high blood pressure) and generalized swelling
    It also constricts blood flow to the baby
  • Signs and symptoms
    • Hypertension
    • Edema
    • Headache, vision changes, ALOC
    • ABD Pain and N/V
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7
Q

Eclampsia

A

a result of preeclampsia and more severe where high blood pressure results in seizures and coma during pregnancy

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8
Q

Supine Hypotensive syndrome

A
  • Occurs when uterus compresses inferior vena cava from women laying down and baby pushing on it.
  • prevents blood flow to the heart and lowers blood pressure
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9
Q

Maternal (Postpartum) Hemorrhage and management

A

Many mothers bleed in the period immediately following delivery

Fundus rub and peri padοΏΌ

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10
Q

Meconium Staining (Aspiration)
and management

A
  • Fecal material present in amniotic fluid
  • Signs of fetal hypoxia
  • Fetus passes feces into amniotic fluid

suctioning mouth and noses

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11
Q

Prolapsed cord and management

A
  • Umbilical cord precedes the fetal head
  • Cord is compressed between fetus and pelvis
  • Factors - Prematurity, Multiple Births, premature rupture of the membranes

two finger technique in order to keep pressure off umbilical cord

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12
Q

Breech brith

A
  • Buttocks or both feet present first
  • Increased potential for cord prolapse, compression, or hypoxic insult for infant
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13
Q

Limb Presentation

A
  • Baby is in a transverse position across the uterus, single arm or leg is presenting
  • Factors - Preterm birth, multiple gestation
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14
Q

Precipitous delivery and causes

A

Precipitate delivery refers to childbirth after an unusually rapid labor and culminates in the rapid, spontaneous expulsion of the infant
- Deliver occurs in less than 3 hours of labor
- Present usually in grand multipara (G > 7)
- Can Cause
- Fetal trauma
- Tearing of umbilical cord
- Maternal lacerations

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15
Q

Shoulder dystocia

A
  • Infant’s shoulders are larger than its head
    • Most frequent with diabetic and obese mothers and post term pregnancies
    • Head retracts back into perineum - turtle sign
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16
Q

Premature rupture of membranes

A

water breaks
- amniotic sac ruptures early
- Delivery of fetus is not emergent
- Loss of amniotic fluid exposes fetus to infection
- Mother and doctor may elect for early delivery
- All patients reporting premature rupture of emmbranes should be transported

17
Q

what is the APGAR Scoring

A
  • Do every at 1 and 5 minutes after birth
  • 0-1-2 scale
  • Appearance
    • Blue, pale - pink body, blue extremities - completely pink
  • Pulse
    • Absent - below 100 - 100 or above
  • Grimace
    • No response - grimace - cough, sneeze, cry
  • Activity
    • limp - some flexion of extremities - active motion
  • Respiratory effect
    • absent - slow and irregular - strong cry
18
Q

Minimum acceptable systolic for child 0-28 DO, 1-12 MO,1-10 YO, 10 YO+

A
  • 0-28 DO (term neonates) - 60mm Hg
  • 1-12 MO (infants) - 70 mm Hg
  • 1-10 YO - 70 mm Hg + (2xY)
  • > 10 YO - 90 mm Hg
19
Q

FBAO meaning

A

FBAO - foreign body airway obstruction

20
Q

Congenital Heart disease and management

A
  • Abnormal heart valves or chambers
  • Abnormal blood vessels

Oxygen, BVM, shock treatment, potential ALS

21
Q

learn pediatric GCS scale

A
22
Q

Abdominal aortic aneurysm AAA abd signs

A

a bulge or swelling in the aorta, the main blood vessel that runs from the heart down through the chest and tummy

  • Tearing, sharp, or stabbing pain in chest or abdomen radiating to back or neck
  • Pulsating abdominal mass
  • onset of shock
23
Q

Cerebrovascular disease

A

a group of conditions that affect blood flow and the blood vessels in the brain examples narrowing (stenosis), clot formation (thrombosis), artery blockage (embolism), or blood vessel rupture (hemorrhage

24
Q

Ventricular Shunts and two types of them

A

a hollow tube surgically placed in the brain (or occasionally in the spine) to help drain cerebrospinal fluid into the abdomen to be eliminated from the body

Blocked/infected shunt may cause AMS and respiratory arrest

1 Ventricular peritoneum shunt - drains into peritoneum of the abdomen
2 Ventricular atrium shunt - drains into the right atrium of the heart

25
Q

Central Venous Catheter

A

A device used to draw blood and give treatments, including intravenous fluids, drugs, or blood transfusions. A thin, flexible tube is inserted into a vein, usually below the collarbone.

26
Q

Gastrostomy Tubes and reasons why people have them

A
  • Placed into the stomach for patients who cannot ingest substances through their mouth
  • May become dislodged, assess for bleeding into the stomach

if you cannot eat digest or absorb food due to esophageal cancer oral surgery or stroke major surgery trauma burns or anorexia inflammation

27
Q

Urostomies and waste stomas

A

Surgical procedure creates an opening between the small or large intestine and the body’s surface

28
Q

Colostomy, Ileostomy, Urostomy

A
  • Colostomy - between large intestine and body
  • Ileostomy - between small intestine and body
  • Urostomy - between urinary tract and body
29
Q

Spina Bifida and symptoms

A

Birth defect caused by incomplete closure of spinal column, leading to exposure

  • Hydrocephalus (Fluid in the brainοΏΌ)
  • Partial or full paralysis of lower extremities
  • Loss of bowel and bladder control
  • Extreme latex allergy
30
Q

Cerebral Palsy

A
  • Group of disorders characterized by poorly controlled body movement
  • Cognitive functions may be normal
    • Observe airway
    • Underdeveloped limbs are prone to injury
    • gait may make someone more prone to falls
    • Do not force extremities
31
Q

EMTALA

A

Emergency Medical Treatment & Labor Act (EMTALA) to ensure public access to emergency services regardless of ability to pay.

32
Q

Gestation and trimester stages

A

weeks 1 – 12 is the first trimester.
Weeks 13 – 27 is the second trimester.
Weeks 28 – 40 is the third trimester

33
Q

PID Pelvic inflammatory disease

A

An infection of the female reproductive organs

It usually occurs when sexually transmitted bacteria spread from the vagina to the womb (uterus), fallopian tubes, or ovaries.
Common symptoms include pelvic pain and fever.

Exam 6 πŸ‘ΆπŸΌπŸ‘΅πŸΌ (1 decks)

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