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Design and Manufacture > Exam > Flashcards

Exam Flashcards

1
Q

If conforming to BS8888 what projection would a drawing be done in?

A

First or Third angle orthographic

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2
Q

What are the purposes of an engineering drawing?

A

To describe the part required by the designer
To be a manufacturing instruction, describing how the part is to be made
Allows the part to be inspected

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3
Q

Definitions of Factor of Safety

A

The ratio of the material yield strength to design load
The ratio of the materials ultimate tensile strength to the design load
When a component is designed for a higher load due to uncertainties in the desgin

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4
Q

What is the purpose of a bearing?

A

To support and transmit a load while allowing relative motion

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5
Q

What is the difference between Pugh’s and Pahl and Beitz model of design?

A

Pugh does not make a distinction between concept and embodiment design

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6
Q

What is the difference between punching and blanking?

A

In punching the slug is discarded where as in blanking the slug is retained

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7
Q

What is the difference between a fixture and a jig?

A

Jig guides the cutting tool positions the work and guides the tool.
Fixture doesn’t guide the tool

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8
Q

Define design methodology

A

The theory of the procedures fro solving design problems which are intended to be valid for all types of engineering design

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9
Q

What is Abstracting product requirements and which Pahl and Beitz task does it relate to?

A

Ignoring what is particular or incidental and emphasizing what is general and essential about a problem.
It is a principal technique in identifying essential problems

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10
Q

What are drilling and reaming used for?

A

The creation of blind or through holes by cutting process

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11
Q

How is milling carried out?

A

Normally the work piece is clamped to a moveable table and the tool is rotated about the vertical or horizontal axis

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12
Q

In the manufacturing processes drilling and milling what is the difference?

A

In drilling the fluted cutting tool has the cutting edges at the tip, in milling the cutting edges are down the shank

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13
Q

Why are coolants used in machining processes?

A

to inhibit corrosion
to reduce friction
to reduce built up edge on tools

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14
Q

What is the purpose of a bearing?

A

To support and transmit a load while allowing relative motion

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15
Q

In the context of design shafts why do critical speeds occur?

A

Critical speeds occur because the centre of mass of a rotating system never coincide with the centre of rotation due to manufacturing and operational constraints

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16
Q

Definition of design methodology

A

The theory of the procedures for solving design problems which are intended to be valid for all types of engineering design

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17
Q

According to Pahl and Beitz’s what category of design do most design activities fall into?

A

Variant Design

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18
Q

Which task in Pahl and Beitz’s process does abstracting take place?

A

Identifying essential problems

19
Q

Define solution neutral statement

A

it is a statement of what the product is to do without specifying how it is to do it

20
Q

Define function structure

A

It is the representation of the function and sub functions of the system in terms of the flow of energy materials and signals in a block diagram using the solution neutral statements

21
Q

Define combination matrix

A

the first column lists the solution neutral, verb-noun phrases from the function structure and the rows contain solution principles

22
Q

Define selection matrix

A

the first column lists the requirements and constraints from the product specification against which solution principles in the rows of the matrix are evaluated

23
Q

Describe Pugh’s method of controlled convergence

A

It is a matrix based concept selection technique in which concepts are qualitatively compared with a datum concept against criteria from the product specification

24
Q

what should be the outcome for controlled convergence?

A

The design concepts should be improved

25
Q

Describe the weighting and rating method for concept selection

A

It is a matrix based concept selection technique in which concepts are quantitatively evaluated against criteria from the product specification

26
Q

What is the tragedy present in Tragedy of the Commons by Hardin?

A

What is rational for the individual is not rational for the collective

27
Q

What is the tragedy of the commons about

A

Managing limited resources over time

28
Q

How does Hardin think appealing to people’s conscience will work to motivate people?

A

Definitely won’t work

29
Q

What is Hardins paper a rebuttal to?

A

The invisible hand by Adam Smith

30
Q

What was Hardins concerns regarding the popularity of Adam Smiths idea od the invisible hand?

A

It has contributed to peoples tendencies to assume that the decisions reached by individuals about what is best for themselves will turn out to be the best decision for society as a whole

31
Q

According to Hardin what is pollution a consequence of?

A

Population

32
Q

According to Hardin what does he consider to be the least defensible as a reaction to the problem of global warming?

A

Have a publicity campaign to explain the importance of driving less and encouraging people to drive less

33
Q

What does Hardin say about the freedom to breed?

A

It is intolerable

34
Q

What are the simplest types of bearing?

A

Journal or plain bearing

35
Q

3 facts about spur gears

A

They are inexpensive
Allow ratios up to 6:1
Can be 98-99% efficient

36
Q

How is turning usually carried out?

A

Normally the work piece is rotated and the tool moves in one plane

37
Q

How is spring back prevented in sheet metal bending?

A

Over bending or using punches that promote the plastic deformation in the work piece

38
Q

What manufacturing process is used on most inexpensive general purpose bolts and screws?

A

Cold rolling

39
Q

What does a continuous wide line (solid line) on an engineering drawing mean?

A

Visible edges and outlines of parts

40
Q

What does a long dashed dotted narrow line mean on an engineering drawing?

A

Lines of symmetry and centre lines

41
Q

What are assembly drawings used for?

A

It is an orthographic engineering drawing
it can be used as an instruction to create job cards
It contains a list of parts

42
Q

In which projection systems are the x and y axes receding?

A

Isometric Projection

43
Q

In the context of machines and shafts what is the purpose of a bearing

A

to support and transmit a loads while allowing relative motion

44
Q

In the tragedy of the commons what are the cases that can be discussed from it?

A

The population problem
over fishing
free access to national parks

Design and Manufacture (3 decks)

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