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Brain and Behaviour > Exam > Flashcards

Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the definition of psychology?

A

It is the scientific study of thoughts, feelings and behavior. This is influenced by biology and past experiences as well as cultural aspects.

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2
Q

What is the role of the educational psychologist?

A

Helps to devise plans for children with behavioral issues or learning disorders

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3
Q

What is the role of an industrial and organisational psychologist?

A

They assess the best ways to maximize team effort, communication, work output and performance in the workplace.

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4
Q

What is the role of a clinical psychologist?

A

They specialize in the assessment of major mental illnesses.

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5
Q

What is the role of a forensic psychologist?

A

They investigate criminal behavior and work with offenders and victims.

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6
Q

What is the role of a sports psychologist?

A

Works with coaches and players to help them achieve their best.

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7
Q

What is the role of an environmental psychologist?

A

Help people at feel at ease in their social or work environments.

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8
Q

What is the role of a counselling psychologist?

A

Works with couples to create strategies to improve their relationship problems

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9
Q

What is the role of a development psychologist?

A

Studies the changes that humans undergo during their lifespan.

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10
Q

What is the role of a social psychologist?

A

Investigates how individual traits influences people’s attitude and behaviors.

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11
Q

What is the role of a cognitive psychologist?

A

Tries to help people improve their memory skills

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12
Q

What is the role of a health psychologist?

A

Work in a health clinic to educate the public in areas of disease and prevention

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13
Q

Difference between psychologists and psychiatrists

A

Psychologist: don’t need medical training, use counselling and cognitive behavior, The psychology board of Australia.
Psychiatrist: general medical degree then specialize, medical facilities, pharmacotherapy. Royal Australian and NZ college registration.

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14
Q

What is the APS

A

The Australian Psychological Society to give license to those who want to practice psychology.

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15
Q

What is pseudo science and give examples.

A

Beliefs not based on empirical evidence eg. psychics, nutritional plans not based on evidence, astrology, palm reading and Ouija boards

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16
Q

What are the four goals of psychology?

A

To describe, predict, explain and influence behavior.

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17
Q

The steps of the scientific method in order.

A 
Title
Abstract
Introduction
Hypothesis
Method
Results
Discussion
Conclusion
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18
Q

Why is psychology considered a science?

A

It follows the empirical research method.

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19
Q

What are the ethical considerations of psychological research?

A

Debriefing, confidentiality, no lasting harm to participants, voluntary participation, informed consent, right to withdraw and minimal deception.

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20
Q

What is the difference between an independent variable, an extraneous variable and dependent variable?

A

The independent variable (IV) is the one of interest to the researcher, does it cause an effect? The dependent variable is the one being measured in response to the IV. The extraneous variable is a variable that may effect the results eg. someones level of intelligence.

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21
Q

What are the different research methods?

A

Experiment, Natural observation, survey and case study.

22
Q

Independent v Dependent variable

A

If music is too loud in headphones then it can affect a persons hearing. IV: The volume of the music. ID: The persons hearing

23
Q

Compare the human brain and a computer.

A

Similarities: Can store and process information.
Differences: Computer follows instructions. Computer has no emotions.

24
Q

What are fontanelles?

A

soft part of the babies head

25
Q

What are sensory and motor neurons?

A

Sensory: they are receptors, they sense pain pressure and changes in environment, eg. light=retina, taste=tongue.
Motor: promotes movement, moves muscle and stimulates glands. Some are involuntary and some are voluntary.

26
Q

Lobes of the brain and functions.

A

Frontal: personality, emotions, thinking and thoughts
Parietal: sense of touch
Occipital: vision
Temporal: hearing, understanding of speech

27
Q

Left and right brain functions

A

Left; science, speaking and writing, maths

Right; creativity, reading maps, recognizing patterns and art and music appreciation.

28
Q

Brain imaging techniques

A

MRI uses magnets, no pain, in most hospitals, is expensive, an only be interpreted by a doctor, can cause claustrophobia.

29
Q

What is the CNS?

A

The Central Nervous System. It is made of the brain and spinal cord.

30
Q

What is the PNS?

A

The Peripheral Nervous System. Made of sensory and motor neurons throughout the body.

31
Q

Parts of a neuron and their functions

A

Nucleus; controls the neuron
Dendrites; receives messages from other neurons
Axon; conveys electrical signals.

32
Q

What is a synapse?

A

The tiny gap between one neuron and the next.

33
Q

What are neurotransmitters?

A

The bodies natural chemical messenger transmitters that can alter the activity of neighboring neurons. They can slow down or stop activity

34
Q

Two neurotransmitters

A

Dopamine; pleasure and arousal. too much causes Parkinson disease and too little can cause schizophrenia
Seratonin; sleep, arousal and emotions. too much and too little can cause mood, anxiety and sleep disorders.

35
Q

How do we grow more dendrites?

A

problem solving, writing and reading, discussion and debating, memory games, playing sport etc.

36
Q

What is the impact of exercise on the brain?

A

It develops more dendrites and allows the brain to be more focused.

37
Q

What are the cortex’s of the brain

A

voluntary movement cortex
bodily sensations cortex
auditory cortex and visual cortex

38
Q

What is the impact of sleep on the brain?

A

It is a time for the brain to process information and memories.

39
Q

What is the impact of technology on the brain?

A

The brightness of screens effect sleep cycles,

40
Q

What impact does diet have on the brain?

A

Some foods help to produce more dendrites.

41
Q

What impact does music and meditation have on the brain?

A

It helps to relax the brain and reduce stress and anxiety.

42
Q

What is the difference between low and high dream re callers?

A

Low dream re callers wake up slower and remember less dreams. High dream re caller opposite

43
Q

What does our bodies do during REM and NREM sleep?

A

REM: Dreaming, eyes move rapidly, increase blood pressure,
NREM: any sleep that isnt rem

44
Q

What is the psychoanalytic dream theory?

A

Dreams present peoples deepest desires.

45
Q

What is the problem solving dream theory?

A

Dreams are used to help create solutions for the problems we have.

46
Q

What is the activation-synthesis theory?

A

Dreams are pointless and shouldn’t be interpreted.

47
Q

What are lucid dreams?

A

When you can control your dreams.

48
Q

What are day dreams?

A

Going into your own thoughts, not concentrating on your environment. Can promote creativity, problem -solving etc.

49
Q

What are plutchick’s 8 primary emotions? What was his theory in relation to these?

A 
Ecstasy
Admiration
Terror
Amazement
Grief
Loathing
Rage
Vigilance
The emotions are inborn and evolved before thought.
50
Q

What are secondary emotions?

A

A combination of primary emotions.

51
Q

What are the three parts of an emotion?

A

Subjective experience: what we feel and label as an emotion
Expressive behavior: what others can see about what we feel.
Physiological Arousal: within our body, changes in heart rate etc.

Brain and Behaviour (1 decks)

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