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RT exam 5 > Exam 5 Ch 9&10 > Flashcards

Exam 5 Ch 9&10 Flashcards

1
Q

Roentgens when converted to SI units are called

A

C/kg; Coulomb/kg

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2
Q

Rads when converted to SI units are called

A

Gray

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3
Q

1 Rad =

A

100 Gray

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4
Q

Rem when converted to SI units are called:

A

Sieverts

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5
Q

1 Rem =

A

100 Sieverts

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6
Q

The bony thorax is formed by what parts of the thoracic cavity?

A

Sternum, 12 Ribs, and 12 thoracic vertebrae

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7
Q

What are the spaces in between each rib called?

A

Intercostal space

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8
Q

Which joint of the rib articulates with the vertebra?

A

Costovertebral Joint

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9
Q

What part of the rib articulates with the Transverse Process of the Thoracic vertebrae?

A

Tubercle

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10
Q

How are the anterior ends of the ribs situated in comparasion to the posterior ends?

A

3 to 5 inches lower

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11
Q

Which body habitus will the diaphragm be at the highest level in the body?

A

Hyperstenic

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12
Q

Which projections are essential to demonstrate the sternum?

A

Oblique, lateral

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13
Q

How much should the body be rotated for a PA Oblique projection of the sternum?

A

15 to 20 degrees

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14
Q

What breathing instructions are preferred for an oblique sternum?

A

Breathing technique

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15
Q

On trauma patients, which position is preferred for imaging the oblique sternum?

A

AP LPO

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16
Q

What is the preferred SID for an oblique projection of the sternum?

A

30 inches

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17
Q

Which projection of the sternum utilizes the heart shadow?

A

PA RAO

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18
Q

How much above the jugular notch should the IR be positioned for the oblique and lateral sternum?

A

1 1/2 inches

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19
Q

The respiratory movement of the diaphragm averages how many inches between deep inspiration and deep expiration?

A

1 1/2 inches

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20
Q

How many ribs are considered to be true ribs?

A

7

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21
Q

How many ribs are considered to be false ribs?

A

5

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22
Q

What are the last two ribs called?

A

floating ribs

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23
Q

Which body habitus is the diaphragm at the lowest position in the body?

A

Hypostenic

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24
Q

The 12 costovertebral joints of the ribs are considered what type?

A

Synovial-Gliding

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25
Q

Which ribs are attached directly to the sternum?

A

1//7

26
Q

How is the 8th through the 10th rib attached?

A

By the costal cartilage of the 7th rib

27
Q

Name the typical parts of a rib.

A

Head,neck,body,and tubercle

28
Q

What structures are on the head of the ribs for articulation with the vertebrae?

A

Facet

29
Q

Which ribs attach directly to the sternum?

A

1//7

30
Q

What are the 3 main parts of the sternum?

A

Manubrium, body, xiphoid process

31
Q

What is the name of the indentation on the manubrium called?

A

Jugular notch

32
Q

What is the average length of the sternum as a whole?

A

6 inches

33
Q

Which ribs are considered to be false ribs?

A

8//12

34
Q

What is the name of the joints that are the only points of articulation in the upper limbs and the trunk?

A

Sternoclavicular joints(SC)

35
Q

What is the SID for a lateral sternum?

A

72 inches

36
Q

What is the degree of obliquity for PA SC joints?

A

10-15 degrees

37
Q

Which SC joint is better visualized on an oblique projection?

A

The SC joint closest to the IR

38
Q

Where is the CR directed for SC joints?

A

T3

39
Q

How should the patients head be positioned for a PA SC joint x-ray?

A

Rest head on chin, midsagittal plane should be vertical

40
Q

Where should the CR be directed for an oblique SC joint?

A

At the level of T2-T3(3in distal to the Vertebral Prominens),and 1 to 2 in lateral from MSP

41
Q

How should the arms be placed for an upright lateral sternum?

A

Hands locked behind the back

42
Q

What are the breathing instructions for the lateral sternum?

A

Ssuspend respiration upon deep inspiration

43
Q

In which position does the diaphragm descend to its lowest level?

A

The upright position

44
Q

Which position is best to visualize the upper ribs?

A

Upright, seated or standing

45
Q

How are the patients hands positioned on upright ribs?

A

Hands against the hips with palms faced outwards

46
Q

What are the breathing instructions for the upper ribs?

A

Suspend at full inspiration

47
Q

Where is the CR directed for upper anterior ribs?

A

At the level of T7

48
Q

How much light should be above the shoulders for upper ribs, if the positioning is correct?

A

Approximately 1 1/2 in above the shoulders(jugular notch)

49
Q

What is the SID for any projection of ribs?

A

40 inches

50
Q

Where should the CR be directed for an AP projection of the ribs?

A

T7(3-4 in below jugular notch)

51
Q

What are the breathing instructions for the lower ribs?

A

Suspend respiration upon expiration

52
Q

Why should the patient suspend respiration upon expiration for lower ribs?

A

Elevate the diaphragm to visualize the lower ribs more clearly

53
Q

How many degrees is the patient rotated for an oblique rib xray?

A

45 degrees

54
Q

What PA projection is the same as an AP LPO?

A

PA RAO

55
Q

Where should the film be positioned for AP or PA lower ribs?

A

The bottom of the film at the top of the Iliac Crest

56
Q

Where should the arm of affected side of the ribs be positioned?

A

Raise the arm enough to get the scapula away from the ribs

57
Q

What position shows the left ribs cleared of the heart and its shadow?

A

LAO or RPO

58
Q

If the affected side of the ribs are away from the film, what position is the patient in?

A

PA Oblique,RAO or LAO

59
Q

If the affected side of the ribs are towards the film, what position is the patient in?

A

AP Oblique, LPO or RPO

60
Q

Where should the CR be directed for the AP or Oblique projections of the ribs?

A

Mid way between the spine and the lateral margin of the thorax

61
Q

In what projection can the axillary portion of the ribs best be seen?

A

Oblique

RT exam 5 (1 decks)

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