Exam #5

Question 1

Which of the following clips is used for scalp hemostasis in cranial procedures?

A. Raney
B. Filschie
C. Hemoclip
D. Backhaus

Answer 1

Answer: A

Bleeding from the scale can be profuse. The Raney scalp system is used to control the hemorrhage during craniotomy procedures.

Question 2

The local freezing of diseased tissue to facilitate removal without bleeding is:

A. Cryosurgery
B. Electrocautery
C. Diathermy
D. Harmonic Scalpel

Answer 2

Answer: A

Cryotherapy unit uses liquid nitrogen, Freon, or carbon dioxide gas to provide extreme cold through a probe directed at the diseased tissue to destroy it without harming adjacent tissue.

Question 3

In severe aortic stenosis, all of the following are indications of valve replacement EXCEPT:

A. Myocardial ischemia
B. Left ventricle hypertrophy
C. Palpitations
D. Angina

Answer 3

Answer: C

Aortic stenosis blocks the complete flow of blood from the left ventricle into the aorta, causing left ventricle into the aorta, causing left ventricle hypertrophy, hypertension, myocardial ischemia, angina and eventually heart failure.

Question 4

In the event a child requires emergency surgery, but the parents cannot be located to sign the surgical consent:

A. Consent is signed by a court of law
B. Consent is signed by two consulting physicians
C. No consent is required
D. Consent is signed by the surgeon

Answer 4

Answer: B

When the parent(s) or legal guardian(s) cannot be located or contracted, the surgeon will inform two physicians who must agree the patient needs surgery and sign the surgical consent.

Question 5

Ethylene oxide sterilization destroys microbes by the process of:

A. Alkylation
B. Osmosis
C. Oxidation
D. Cavitation

Answer 5

Answer: A

EtO is an alkylating agent that destroys microbes by interfering with normal metabolism of protein and reproduction.

Question 6

What is the most common cause of aortic aneurysm?

A. Thrombus
B. Embolus
C. Atherosclerosis
D. Hypotension

Answer 6

Answer: C

Atherosclerosis is the most common cause of aortic aneurysm.

Question 7

What is used to determine the position of cannulated screws during a repair of a femoral neck?

A. Broach
B. Guide pins
C. Canal reamer
D. Ruler

Answer 7

Answer: B

Three guide pins are placed in the femoral head and cannulated screws placed over each pin.

Question 8

Prior to being placed in the EtO sterilizer, items must:

A. Not be heat sensitive
B. Be lubricated with oil
C. Have residual water on their surface
D. Be completely dry

Answer 8

Answer: D

Items to be placed in the EtO sterilizer must be completely clean, dry and free from lubricating oils; EtO gas cannot penetrate the lubricants.

Question 9

During general anesthesia induction, which sense is the last to be experienced by the patient?

A. Touch
B. Taste
C. Hearing
D. Smell

Answer 9

Answer: C

The last sense to be suppressed during general anesthesia is hearing.

Question 10

The purpose of creating an arteriovenous fistula is for:

A. Lavage
B. Chemotherapy
C. Hemodialysis
D. Hemostasis

Answer 10

Answer: C

Arteriovenous fistula is the direct connection of an artery and vein to create vascular access for long-term hemodialysis.

Question 11

What nerve is at greatest risk during a thyroidectomy?

A. Cervical sympathetic chain
B. Inferior laryngeal
C. Vagus
D. Recurrent laryngeal

Answer 11

Answer: D

The recurrent laryngeal nerve must be identified and protected from injury during a thyroidectomy. Injury to the nerve can result in temporary or permanent hoarseness or loss of voice.

Question 12

Which nerve could be compressed against the humerus in the prone position?

A. Peroneal
B. Tibial
C. Brachial
D. Radial

Answer 12

Answer: D

The radial nerve innervates the muscles on the back of the arm. If the forearm hangs over the side of the bed, it could be compressed against the humerus.

Question 13

What is the surgical procedure for reducing testosterone in the prostate cancer?

A. Vasectomy
B. Varicocelectomy
C. Hydrocelectomy
D. Orchiectomy

Answer 13

Answer: D

To decrease the testosterone level in the presence of prostate cancer, an orchidectomy procedure is performed.

Question 14

If the broth in the steam sterilization biological indicator is yellow after incubation, what action should be taken?

A. Indicates autoclave chamber needs cleaning
B. Items must be immediately recalled
C. No actions
D. Sterile items should be immediately used

Answer 14

Answer: B

Yellow broth indicates the microbes weren’t killed during the sterilization cycle, and the items from the load are not sterile. The items must be immediately recalled and reprocessed.

Question 15

A specimen that is 5 centimeters is equal to:

A. 4 inches
B. 2 inches
C. 3 inches
D. 5 inches

Answer 15

Answer: B

2.54 cm is equal to 1 inch; therefore, 5 centimeters is about 2 inches (1.97 to be exact).

Question 16

Which of the following vessels arises from the right ventricle of the heart?

A. Descending aorta
B. Ascending aorta
C. Pulmonary vein
D. Pulmonary artery

Answer 16

Answer: D

The pulmonary artery arises from the right ventricle.

Question 17

Which area is prepped first when performing the skin prep for a skin grafting procedure?

A. Donor site
B. Only recipient site
C. Both sites together
D. Recipient site

Answer 17

Answer: A

The donor site is prepped first and is “clean”. the recipient site is prepped last and is considered “dirty” if it is an open wound or potentially contains cancer cells.

Question 18

Which of the following has legal significance in the mishandling of a bullet?

A. Damage to tissue while removing specimen
B. Contaminating the specimen
C. Damaging ballistic markings
D. Tearing surgical gloves

Answer 18

Answer: C

Bullets must be carefully handled. Do not use forceps or clamps because it could damage the ballistic markings.

Question 19

Which of the following procedures requires preoperative high-level disinfection of the endoscope?

A. Bronchoscopy
B. Laparoscopy
C. Mediastinoscopy
D. Thoracoscopy

Answer 19

Answer: A

Because the endoscope is inserted through the mouth into the bronchial tubes, a bronchoscopy is considered a clean procedure.

Question 20

Which of the following maintains the position of the uterus?

A. Broad ligament
B. Suspensory ligament
C. Levator muscle
D. Pubic symphysis

Answer 20

Answer: A

The broad, uterosacral, cardinal and round ligaments maintain the position of the uterus.

Question 21

What device would the surgeon use to preserve facial motor and sensory functions during a parotidectomy?

A. Ultrasound transducer
B. Mass spectrometer
C. Doppler probe
D. Nerve stimulator

Answer 21

Answer: D

The nerve stimulator produces small electric currents that are applied to tissue and aid in identifying essential nerves.

Question 22

If the surgeon uses a knife blade to incise the oral mucosa, the preferred blade is:

A. 20
B. 10
C. 11
D. 12

Answer 22

Answer: D

One option for the cold dissection of the tonsils is the use of the #12 knife blade.

Question 23

The gravity steam sterilization process can be rendered ineffective if the:

A. Air is removed
B. Steam quality is 97%
C. Temperature is below 250 degrees
D. Packs are loosely arranged on cart

Answer 23

Answer: C

The temperature must reach 250 degrees F when using a gravity displacement sterilizer.

Question 24

A suture used to retract a suture to the side of the operative field is a/an:

A. Retention suture
B. Traction suture
C. Bolster suture
D. Primary suture

Answer 24

Answer: B

Traction sutures are used to retract a structure that cannot be retraced with a handheld or self-retraining retractor.